magister

See also: Magister and magíster

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin magister (“a master, chief, head, superior, director, teacher, etc.”), from magis (“more or great”) + -ter. Doublet of master and maestro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmæd͡ʒɪstə(ɹ)/

Noun

magister (plural magisters)

1. Master; sir: a title used in the Middle Ages, given to a person in authority, or to one having a licence from a university to teach philosophy and the liberal arts.
2. The possessor of a master's degree.

Related terms

• magister juris
• master's degree
• master
• mister

Translations

The possessor of a master's degree

• Czech: magistr (cs) m, magistra (cs) f
• Esperanto: magistro sg
• French: professeur (fr) m, maître (fr) m
• Georgian: მაგისტრი (magisṭri)
• Greek: μάγιστρος (el) m (mágistros)
• Indonesian: magister (id)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: magister m

• Polish: magister (pl) m
• Portuguese: mestre (pt) m
• Spanish: magíster (es) m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: магистар m

  Roman: magistar (sh) m

Further reading

• “magister”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “magister”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• Gemarist, migrates, ragtimes, sterigma

French

Noun

magister m (plural magisters)

1. (obsolete) schoolmaster

Further reading

• “magister”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch magister, from Latin magister. Doublet of master and mester.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [maˈɡɪstər]
• Hyphenation: ma‧gis‧têr

Noun

magistêr (first-person possessive magisterku, second-person possessive magistermu, third-person possessive magisternya)

1. (higher education) master's degree.

   Synonym: master

See also

• sarjana (“bachelor”)
• doktor

Further reading

• “magister” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Alternative forms

• macister (archaic)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *magisteros. Equivalent to magis (“more or great”) + Proto-Indo-European *-teros. Compare minister.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /maˈɡis.ter/, [mäˈɡɪs̠t̪ɛr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /maˈd͡ʒis.ter/, [mäˈd͡ʒist̪er]

Noun

magister m (genitive magistrī, feminine magistra); second declension

1. master, chief, head, superior, director, president, leader, commander, conductor

   Synonym: praeses

2. master; a title of the Middle Ages, given to a person in authority or to one having a license from a university to teach philosophy and the liberal arts, teacher, instructor

   Synonym: trāditor

Declension

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	magister	magistrī
Genitive	magistrī	magistrōrum
Dative	magistrō	magistrīs
Accusative	magistrum	magistrōs
Ablative	magistrō	magistrīs
Vocative	magister	magistrī

Coordinate terms

• minister

Derived terms

• magisterium
• magistra
• magistrālis
• magistrātus
• magistrō/ magisterō

Related terms

• magis
• magnus

Descendants

From Vulgar Latin *majester, *majestru:

• Balkan Romance
  • Romanian: măiestru, măestru
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: mestri
  • Ligurian: méistro
  • Piedmontese: mèistr
  • Venetian: maestro
    • → Cimbrian: maistro
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: maestru
  • Old Italian: mastro
    • Italian: maestro (see there for further descendants)
  • Neapolitan: maestro
  • Sicilian: mastru, majistru
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Francoprovençal: maistre, maistro
    • Franco-Provençal: mêtro, maîtro, meîtro
    • Bressan: maîtrou
  • Old French: maistre, mestre
    • Middle French: maistre
      • French: maître (see there for further descendants)
    • Bourguignon: moître
    • Gallo: maître
    • Norman: maître
    • Picard: moaître
    • Walloon: mwaisse
    • → Middle Breton: maestr
      • Breton: mestr
    • → Middle Welsh: meistyr
      • Welsh: meistr
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: mayestre, mayestro
  • Old Catalan: maestre
    • Catalan: mestre
  • Old Occitan: maestre
    • Occitan: mèstre
    • → Old Galician-Portuguese: meestre, maestre (or via Old Catalan)
      • Galician: mestre
      • Portuguese: mestre
    • → Spanish: maestre
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: maistru
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: maestru, maestre
  • Old Spanish: maesse
    • Spanish: maese, maeso, maestro

Borrowings

From Vulgar Latin *maester:

• → Albanian: mjeshtër, mjesht
• → Proto-Brythonic:
  • Middle Breton: maestr
    • Breton: mestr
  • Cornish: mester
  • Welsh: meistr
• → Byzantine Greek: μαΐστωρ (maḯstōr), μάστορας (mástoras)
  • Greek: μάστορας (mástoras)
• → Finnish: maisteri
• → Old Church Slavonic: мастеръ (masterŭ)
  • → Russian: мастер (master)
• → Proto-West Germanic:
  • Old English: mæġester, māġister
    • Middle English: maister, maistre, mayster, maystr, maistir (reinforced by Old French maistre)
      • English: master (see there for further descendants), mister (see there for further descendants)
      • Scots: maister
  • Old Frisian: māster (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Saxon: mēstar
    • Middle Low German: meister, mēster
      • → Old Norse: meistari
        • Icelandic: meistari
        • Faroese: meistari
        • Norwegian Nynorsk: meister
        • Danish: mester
          • Norwegian Bokmål: mester
        • Old Swedish: mæstare, mæster
          • Swedish: mästare
            • → Finnish: mestari
  • Old Dutch: *mēster
    • Middle Dutch: mêester
      • Dutch: meester (see there for further descendants)
      • Limburgish: meister
  • Old High German: meistar
    • Middle High German: meister
      • German: Meister (see there for further descendants)
      • Yiddish: מײַסטער‎ (mayster)
      • → Old Czech: mistř, mistr, místr
        • Czech: mistr
        • → Polish: mistrz

From magister:

• → Belarusian: магістр (mahistr)
• → Bulgarian: магистър (magistǎr)
• → Crimean Tatar: magistr
• → Czech: magistr
• → English: magister
• → Estonian: magister
• → French: magister
• → German: Magister
• → Italian: magister
• → Old Irish: magister
  • Irish: máistir
  • Manx: mainshtyr
  • Scottish Gaelic: maighstir
• → Lithuanian: magistras
• → Piedmontese: magìster
• → Polish: magister
• → Portuguese: magíster
• → Romanian: magistru
• → Romansch: magister
• → Russian: маги́стр (magístr)
• → Serbo-Croatian: magistar / магистар
• → Spanish: magíster
• → Swedish: magister
• → Ukrainian: магістр (mahistr)

References

• “magister”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “magister”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• magister in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to receive instruction from some one: disciplina alicuius uti, magistro aliquo uti
    
  • a teacher of rhetoric: rhetor, dicendi magister
    
  • a dictator appoints a magister equitum: dictator dicit (legit) magistrum equitum
    
• “magister”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• magister in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “magister”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin magister.

Noun

magister m (definite singular magisteren, indefinite plural magistere or magistre or magistrer, definite plural magisterne or magistrene)

1. The possessor of the academic degree of magister, a historical equivalent of the doctorate (1479–1845 and 1921–2003)

References

• “magister” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin magister.

Noun

magister m (definite singular magisteren, indefinite plural magistrar, definite plural magistrane)

1. The possessor of the academic degree of magister, a historical equivalent of the doctorate (1479–1845 and 1921–2003)

References

• “magister” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Latin magister.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmaɣʲisʲtʲer/

Noun

magister m (genitive magistir, nominative plural magistir)

1. master, teacher
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 7^d10

     Do·adbadar sund trá causa pro qua scripta est æpistola .i. irbága ro·bátar leosom eter desciplu et debe; óentu immurgu eter a magistru.

     Here, then is shown the reason for which the epistle was written, i.e. they had had contentions and disagreements between the disciples; unity, however, among their masters.

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	magister	magisterL	magistirL
Vocative	magistir	magisterL	magistruH
Accusative	magisterN	magisterL	magistruH
Genitive	magistirL	magister	magisterN
Dative	magisterL	magistraib	magistraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: máistir
• Manx: mainshtyr
• Scottish Gaelic: maighstir

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
magister also mmagister after a proclitic	magister pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “maigister, maigistir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin magister. Doublet of maestro, majster, and mistrz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maˈɡis.tɛr/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -istɛr
• Syllabification: ma‧gis‧ter

Noun

magister m pers (abbreviation mgr)

1. magister (possessor of a master's degree)
2. master's degree (postgraduate degree)

   Synonyms: magisterium, magisterka

Declension

Declension of magister

	singular	plural
nominative	magister	magistrzy/magistrowie/magistry (depreciative)
genitive	magistra	magistrów
dative	magistrowi	magistrom
accusative	magistra	magistrów
instrumental	magistrem	magistrami
locative	magistrze	magistrach
vocative	magistrze	magistrzy/magistrowie

Noun

magister f (abbreviation mgr)

1. female equivalent of magister (“The possessor of a master's degree”)

Declension

Indeclinable.

Related terms

adjective

• magisterski

 

noun

• magisterium
• magisterka
• magistrant
• magistrantka

 

See also

• licencjat
• doktorant
• doktor

Further reading

• magister in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• magister in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romansch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin magister.

Noun

magister m (plural magisters)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) male teacher

Synonyms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) scolast
• (Sutsilvan) surmester

Coordinate terms

• (in terms of gender): magistra

Swedish

Noun

magister c

1. (somewhat dated) (a title for) a male teacher

   Magistern! Jag behöver hjälp!

   Teacher! I need help!

   Synonym: (slang) maje

2. a magister (holder of a master's degree)

Declension

Declension of magister
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	magister	magistern	magistrar	magistrarna
Genitive	magisters	magisterns	magistrars	magistrarnas

See also

• fröken

References

• magister in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• magister in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• magister in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)