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schaffen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Schaffen

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German schaffen. Doublet of scheppen.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsxɑfə(n)/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑfən

Verb

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schaffen

  1. (transitive) to procure
    Synonym: versieren
  2. (transitive) to serve up
    Eten wat de pot schaft.
    To eat whatever is served.

Conjugation

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Conjugation of schaffen (weak)
infinitive schaffen
past singular schafte
past participle geschaft
infinitive schaffen
gerund schaffen n
present tense past tense
1st person singular schaf schafte
2nd person sing. (jij) schaft, schaf2 schafte
2nd person sing. (u) schaft schafte
2nd person sing. (gij) schaft schafte
3rd person singular schaft schafte
plural schaffen schaften
subjunctive sing.1 schaffe schafte
subjunctive plur.1 schaffen schaften
imperative sing. schaf
imperative plur.1 schaft
participles schaffend geschaft
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

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German

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle High German schaffen (strong verb), from Old High German scafan, scaffen, byform of skephen, from Proto-West Germanic *skappjan. The form with -f- was chiefly backformed from the past participle giscaffan, but was also influenced by the regular present conjugations du skeffis, er skeffit, and by the weak verb in etymology 2 below. The form skephen survives in the (now archaic) variant schöpfen. Cognate with Dutch scheppen, English shape.

Verb

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schaffen (class 6 strong, third-person singular present schafft, past tense schuf, past participle geschaffen, auxiliary haben) (usually transitive)

  1. (of God etc.) to create, to call into being
    Synonym: erschaffen
    Warum hat Gott die Welt geschaffen?Why did God create the world?
  2. (of an artist, inventor etc.) to create, make, form, shape
    Synonyms: gestalten, formen, hervorbringen, kreieren
    Wer schuf die Mona Lisa?Who created the Mona Lisa?
  3. (by extension) to create, produce, bring about, establish
    Synonyms: bewirken, hervorbringen
    Durch diese Maßnahmen haben wir die Voraussetzungen für weitere Fortschritte geschaffen.
    By these measures we have created the conditions for further progress.
    • 1919, Rudolf Steiner, Allgemeine Menschenkunde als Grundlage der Pädagogik, Dornach, published 1992, page 143:
      Es kann aber nur Abhilfe geschaffen werden, wenn der Lehrer, der Unterrichtende, sich selbst fortwährend herausheben will aus dem Hausbackenen, Pedantischen, Philiströsen.
      This can only be solved if the teacher constantly releases himself from -- or lifts himself out of -- what is unadventurous, pedantic, narrow-minded.
Conjugation
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Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Middle High German schaffen (weak verb), from Old High German skaffōn, from Proto-West Germanic *skapōn, from the same root as etymology 1 above. The semantic distinction between both conjugations only established itself clearly in Modern German.

Verb

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schaffen (weak, third-person singular present schafft, past tense schaffte, past participle geschafft, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to get done, to accomplish, achieve, to succeed with
    Synonyms: hinkriegen, hinbekommen
    Wir haben heute wieder viel geschafft.We got a lot done again today.
    Sie hat die Prüfung geschafft.She passed the exam.
  2. (transitive, with es) to manage, to make it
    Kannst du es um 9 Uhr schaffen?Can you make it at 9 a.m.?
    Du hast es geschafft!You did it! / You made it!
  3. (transitive) to get, take, carry (something somewhere)
    Er schaffte die Kisten in den Keller.He moved the boxes to the basement.
    ein Missverständnis aus der Welt schaffento clear up / remove a misunderstanding (literally, “to get it out of the world”)
  4. (chiefly with haben and machen) to do, to busy oneself
    Du hast hier nichts zu schaffen!
    You have no business being here!
    (literally, “You have nothing to do here!”)
    Die alte Geschichte macht mir noch zu schaffen.
    That old story still troubles me.
    (literally, “That old story still gives me to busy myself [with].”)
  5. (intransitive, Southern Germany, Switzerland, Austria) to work
    Synonyms: arbeiten, (informal also) ackern, malochen
    Ich schaffe in einer Fabrik.I work in a factory.
    Schaffe, schaffe, Häusle baue. (Swabian proverb; the verb forms are dialectal infinitives)
    (literally, “Work, work, build a house.”)
    Frohes Schaffen! (This (sometimes jocular) phrase is also heard in the north as it can be read with sense 1)
    Keep up the good work! / Have a productive day!
    (literally, “Merry working!”)
    • 1893, Paul Heyse, “F. V. R. I. A.”, in Gesammelte Werke, page 286:
      Als hätte sie meine Gedanken errathen, setzte sie hinzu: Mein Mann schafft den ganzen Tag in der Werkstatt, und da wir kein Kind haben, sitz' ich oft mit den Händen im Schooß. Ich bin ihm angelegen, ein Häuschen unten am Rhein zu kaufen, wo es lustiger wäre und man die Schiffe vorübersegeln sähe.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Danish: skaffe
  • Dutch: schaffen
  • Low German: schaffen
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: skaffe, skaffa
  • Swedish: skaffa

Further reading

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  • schaffen”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache[1] (in German)
  • schaffen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • schaffen” in Duden online
  • schaffen” in OpenThesaurus.de

Luxembourgish

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Etymology

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From Middle High German schaffen, from Old High German scaffōn, from Proto-West Germanic *skapōn. Cognate with German schaffen (etymology 2 above). The regular Luxembourgish form is schafen, which see. The form with a short vowel may have been borrowed, along with the sense “to work”, from Rhine Franconian dialects, because this sense is clearly of more southeastern origin, being found throughout Switzerland and the German Southwest (here often displacing Middle High German arbeiten entirely), but neither in Ripuarian nor northern Hessian.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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schaffen (third-person singular present schafft, past participle geschafft, auxiliary verb hunn)

  1. (intransitive) to work
    Synonym: (archaic) aarbechten
    Ech schaffen als Nuetswiechter.
    I work as a night watchman.
  2. (transitive, chiefly with pronominal objects) to do (something, especially something productive)
    Synonym: maachen
    Wat hues de haut geschafft?
    What did you do today?
  3. (intransitive) to work, function
    Synonym: lafen
    De Motor schafft op vollen Touren.
    The motor is working at full throttle.

Conjugation

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Regular
infinitive schaffen
participle geschafft
auxiliary hunn
present
indicative
imperative
1st singular schaffen
2nd singular schaffs schaff
3rd singular schafft
1st plural schaffen
2nd plural schafft schafft
3rd plural schaffen

(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel.

Derived terms

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