trí

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tri"

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʲɾʲiː/

• Audio (GA):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Irish cardinal numbers

<  2	3	4  >
Cardinal : trí     Ordinal : tríú     Personal : triúr

From Old Irish trí, from Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

Numeral

trí

1. three

Usage notes

• May be used with nouns in both the singular and plural; the singular is more common in general, but the plural must be used with units of measurement and the like. Triggers lenition of nouns in the singular and h-prothesis of nouns in the plural:

• trí chat ― three cats
• trí troithe ― three feet
• trí huaire ― three times

• When used with the definite article, the definite article is always in the plural. When used with nouns modified by adjectives, the adjective is also in the plural and is always lenited after nouns in the singular but only lenites after nouns in the plural when they end in slender consonants:

• trí chapall bhána ― three white horses
• na trí eaglais mhóra ― the three big churches

But:

• trí capaill bhána ― three white horses
• na trí heaglaisí móra ― the three big churches

• When referring to human beings, the personal form triúr is used.

Derived terms

• trí déag
• tríú (ordinal)
• triúr (used with personal nouns)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish tre (“through”), from Proto-Celtic *trē (compare Welsh trwy), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to pass through”)

Alternative forms

• tré

Preposition

trí (plus dative, triggers lenition, before the definite article in singular tríd)

1. through

Inflection

Inflection of trí

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	tríom	tríomsa
2d person sing.	tríot	tríotsa
3d sing. masc.	tríd	trídsean
3d sing. fem.	tríthi	tríthise
1st person pl.	trínn	trínne
2d person pl.	tríbh	tríbhse
3d person pl.	tríothu	tríothusan

Derived terms

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded*, det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod*, dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id*, it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led*, let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód*, ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
trí	thrí	dtrí
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʲrʲiː/

Numeral

Old Irish cardinal numbers

<  2	3	4  >
Cardinal : trí     Ordinal : tris

trí (feminine teoir)

1. three

Descendants

• Irish: trí
• Manx: tree
• Scottish Gaelic: trì

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
trí	thrí	trí pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “trí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 智.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʈɪj˨˩˦]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʈɪj˦˥]

Noun

trí

1. mind
2. clever

Derived terms

• bài trí
• trí khôn
• trí não
• trí nhớ
• trí óc
• trí trá
• trí tuệ