乞

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
乞 U+4E5E, 乞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E5E
← 九
[U+4E5D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 也 →
[U+4E5F]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
3 strokes

Han character

[edit]

乞 (Kangxi radical 5, 乙+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 人弓 (ON), four-corner 80717, composition ⿱𠂉乙)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 84, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 170
  • Dae Jaweon: page 170, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 50, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+4E5E

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (乞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
乞 *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd
盵 *kʰɯds
齕 *ɡɯːd, *ɡuːd
紇 *ɡɯːd, *ɡuːd
籺 *ɡɯːd
圪 *ŋrɯd, *ŋɯd
訖 *kɯd
吃 *kɯd
扢 *kɯd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd
疙 *ŋɯd
屹 *ŋɯd
仡 *ŋɯd, *hŋɯd
迄 *hŋɯd
釳 *hŋɯd
忔 *hŋɯd
汔 *hŋɯd
矻 *kʰuːd
麧 *ɡuːd

Variant of 气 (OC *kʰɯds), distinguished to indicate a phonetically borrowed meaning “to beg”.

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 乞
alternative forms 气
𠧒
Note:
  • keg4 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping;
  • kêg4 - Jieyang;
  • kig4 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 乞
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰji²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kʰo⁵/
/t͡ɕʰi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian
Taoyuan /kʰit̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /hɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /hɐt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰit̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰøyʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kʰi²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰɯk̚²/
/kʰiʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xit̚⁵/
Rime
Character 乞
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 迄 (58)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去迄切
Baxter khj+t
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰɨt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰɨt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰiət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰɨt̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰiət̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰĭət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰi̯ət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 乞
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khjɨt ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.qʰət/
English beg, ask

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 乞
Reading # 2/2
No. 10082
Phonetic
component 		乞
Rime
group 		物
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰɯd/
Notes 氣的轉註字從乞與從氣同

Definitions

[edit]

乞

  1. to beg
  2. to request
  3. a surname

Compounds

[edit]

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 乞
alternative forms 气
𠧒
去 Hokkien
Note:
  • kêh4 - Jieyang;
  • kih4 - Chaoyang.
    Rime
    Character 乞
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
    Final (韻) 微 (20)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 去旣切
    Baxter khj+jH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kʰɨiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʰɨiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kʰiəiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kʰɨjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/kʰiəiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/kʰĭəiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kʰe̯iH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		hei3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 乞
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 10073
    Phonetic
    component         		乞
    Rime
    group         		隊
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰɯds/
    Notes 氣字注今體，集韻徑作乞（與）

    Definitions

    [edit]

    乞

    1. (obsolete or Eastern Min, Teochew) to give
      乞汝一把筆 [Eastern Min, trad.]
      乞汝一把笔 [Eastern Min, simp.]
      ké̤ṳk nṳ̄ siŏh bā bék / [kʰøyʔ²⁴ nˡy³³ suoʔ⁵ pa³³ pɛiʔ²⁴] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
      [someone] gives you a pen
      伊乞我本書／伊乞我本书 [Teochew]  ―  i1 keh4 ua2 bung2 ze1 [Peng'im]  ―  he gave me a book
    2. (Eastern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew) by
      乞人拍死 [Teochew]  ―  keh4 nang5 pah4 si2 [Peng'im]  ―  be beat to death by someone
    3. (Eastern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew) Used before a verb to indicate passive voice.
      杯仔乞偷去 [Hokkien]  ―  poe-á khit thau khì [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  the cup has been stolen
    4. (Teochew) to let; to allow
    Synonyms
    [edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“to give”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 予, 畀
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 給
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 給
    Taiwan 給
    Malaysia 給
    Singapore 給
    Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 給
    Jinan 給
    Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 給
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 給
    Wuhan 把, 把得, 給
    Guilin 給
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 把, 給
    Hefei 給
    Cantonese Guangzhou 畀
    Hong Kong 畀
    Macau 畀
    Taishan 畀
    Dongguan 畀
    Yangjiang 畀
    Nanning 畀
    Nanning (Tanka) 畀
    Yulin 分
    Baise 畀
    Qinzhou 畀
    Qinzhou (Changtan) 畀
    Beihai 畀
    Beihai (Nankang) 畀
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 畀
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 畀
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 畀
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 畀
    Penang (Guangfu) 畀
    Singapore (Guangfu) 畀
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 畀
    Móng Cái 畀
    Gan Nanchang 把
    Hakka Meixian 分
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 分
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 分
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 分
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 分
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 分
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 得
    Kuching (Hepo) 分
    Jin Taiyuan 給
    Northern Min Jian'ou 吶
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 乞
    Southern Min Xiamen 予
    Quanzhou 予, 傳
    Zhangzhou 予
    Zhao'an 予
    Taipei 予
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 予
    Kaohsiung 予
    Yilan 予
    Changhua (Lukang) 予
    Taichung 予
    Taichung (Wuqi) 予
    Tainan 予
    Taitung 予
    Hsinchu 予
    Kinmen 予
    Penghu (Magong) 予
    Penang (Hokkien) 予
    Singapore (Hokkien) 予
    Manila (Hokkien) 予
    Chaozhou 分, 乞
    Shantou 分, 乞
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 乞
    Jieyang 分, 乞
    Haifeng 分, 予
    Singapore (Teochew) 乞
    Pontianak (Teochew) 分, 乞
    Leizhou 乞
    Wenchang 分
    Haikou 要
    Wu Shanghai 撥, 撥辣
    Suzhou 撥
    Ningbo 撥
    Wenzhou 匄
    Xiang Changsha 把
    Loudi 把
    Dialectal synonyms of 被 (“by”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 被
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 讓, 叫, 給
    Taiwan 讓, 叫, 給
    Malaysia 被, 給
    Singapore 被, 讓, 給
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 叫, 讓
    Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 叫
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 遭, 叫
    Wuhan 把得
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 給, 把
    Hefei 給, 叫
    Cantonese Guangzhou 畀
    Hong Kong 畀
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 畀
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 畀
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 畀
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 畀
    Macau 畀
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 畀
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 畀
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 畀
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 畀
    Foshan 畀
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 畀
    Foshan (Shunde) 畀
    Foshan (Sanshui) 畀
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 畀
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 畀
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 畀
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 畀
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 畀
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 畀
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 畀
    Taishan 畀
    Kaiping (Chikan) 畀
    Enping (Niujiang) 畀
    Heshan (Yayao) 畀
    Dongguan 畀
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 畀
    Shaoguan 畀
    Yunfu 畀
    Yangjiang 畀
    Xinyi 畀
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 畀
    Singapore (Guangfu) 畀
    Gan Nanchang 讓, 等
    Hakka Meixian 分
    Xingning 分
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 畀
    Huiyang 分
    Huidong (Daling) 分
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 分
    Boluo (Bendihua) 畀
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 分
    Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 畀
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 分
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 把
    Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 畀
    Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 把
    Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 分
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 分
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 分
    Liannan 分
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 分
    Jiexi 分
    Changting 得
    Wuping 得
    Wuping (Pingyu) 得
    Liancheng 給
    Ninghua 分
    Ruijin 得
    Shicheng 得
    Shangyou (Shexi) 討
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 分
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 分
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 分
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 分
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 分
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 得
    Hong Kong 分
    Senai (Huiyang) 分
    Kuching (Hepo) 分
    Jin Taiyuan 叫, 給
    Northern Min Jian'ou 吶
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 乞
    Southern Min Xiamen 予, 乞
    Quanzhou 予, 乞, 傳
    Zhangzhou 予, 乞
    Taipei 予
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 予
    Kaohsiung 予
    Yilan 予
    Changhua (Lukang) 予
    Taichung 予
    Tainan 予
    Hsinchu 予
    Kinmen 予
    Penghu (Magong) 予
    Singapore (Hokkien) 予
    Manila (Hokkien) 予
    Chaozhou 分, 乞
    Shantou 分, 乞, 予
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 乞
    Jieyang 分, 乞
    Leizhou 乞
    Haikou 要
    Wu Shanghai 撥, 撥辣
    Suzhou 撥, 撥勒
    Ningbo 撥, 撥人家
    Wenzhou 匄
    Xiang Changsha 聽, 撈, 讓, 被
    Shuangfeng 耗

    References

    [edit]

    Japanese

    [edit]

    Kanji

    [edit]
    乞

    (Jōyō kanji)

    1. beg
    2. invite
    3. ask

    Readings

    [edit]

    “To give”:

    Compounds

    [edit]
    Compounds

    Korean

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese 乞 (MC khj+t).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 크ᇙ〮 (Yale: khúlq)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 빌〯 (Yale: pǐl) 걸〮 (Yale: kél)

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Hanja

    [edit]
    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    乞 (eumhun 빌 걸 (bil geol))

    1. hanja form? of 걸 (“to beg”)

    Compounds

    [edit]
    Compounds

    References

    [edit]
    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese

    [edit]

    Han character

    [edit]

    乞: Hán Nôm readings: khất, khắt, gật, khật

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References

    [edit]
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=乞&oldid=81067541"