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حبر

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: جبر, چتر, خبر, خبز, and چپر

Arabic

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Root
ح ب ر (ḥ b r)
8 terms

Etymology 1

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    Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܚܒܪܐ (ḥeḇrā, ink), from the root ܚ ܒ ܪ related to darkness. Merged with the root ح ب ر (ḥ b r).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    حِبْر (ḥibrm (plural أَحْبَار (ʔaḥbār))

    1. ink
      Synonyms: مِدَاد (midād), نِقْس (niqs)
      Holonyms: مِحْبَرَة (miḥbara), دَوَاة (dawāh)
    2. beauty
    Declension
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    Declension of noun حِبْر (ḥibr)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal حِبْر
    ḥibr
    الْحِبْر
    al-ḥibr
    حِبْر
    ḥibr
    nominative حِبْرٌ
    ḥibrun
    الْحِبْرُ
    al-ḥibru
    حِبْرُ
    ḥibru
    accusative حِبْرًا
    ḥibran
    الْحِبْرَ
    al-ḥibra
    حِبْرَ
    ḥibra
    genitive حِبْرٍ
    ḥibrin
    الْحِبْرِ
    al-ḥibri
    حِبْرِ
    ḥibri
    dual indefinite definite construct
    informal حِبْرَيْن
    ḥibrayn
    الْحِبْرَيْن
    al-ḥibrayn
    حِبْرَيْ
    ḥibray
    nominative حِبْرَانِ
    ḥibrāni
    الْحِبْرَانِ
    al-ḥibrāni
    حِبْرَا
    ḥibrā
    accusative حِبْرَيْنِ
    ḥibrayni
    الْحِبْرَيْنِ
    al-ḥibrayni
    حِبْرَيْ
    ḥibray
    genitive حِبْرَيْنِ
    ḥibrayni
    الْحِبْرَيْنِ
    al-ḥibrayni
    حِبْرَيْ
    ḥibray
    plural basic broken plural triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal أَحْبَار
    ʔaḥbār
    الْأَحْبَار
    al-ʔaḥbār
    أَحْبَار
    ʔaḥbār
    nominative أَحْبَارٌ
    ʔaḥbārun
    الْأَحْبَارُ
    al-ʔaḥbāru
    أَحْبَارُ
    ʔaḥbāru
    accusative أَحْبَارًا
    ʔaḥbāran
    الْأَحْبَارَ
    al-ʔaḥbāra
    أَحْبَارَ
    ʔaḥbāra
    genitive أَحْبَارٍ
    ʔaḥbārin
    الْأَحْبَارِ
    al-ʔaḥbāri
    أَحْبَارِ
    ʔaḥbāri

    Etymology 2

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    Senses related to ink, writing, and discoloration are from Etymology 1 (see above).

    Verb

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    حَبَرَ (ḥabara) I (non-past يَحْبُرُ (yaḥburu), verbal noun حَبْر (ḥabr) or حُبُور (ḥubūr)) (transitive)

    1. to make happy; to elate
      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:ar:make happy
      Hyponyms: كَرَّمَ (karrama), نَعَّمَ (naʕʕama), رَفَّهَ (raffaha), أَرَاحَ (ʔarāḥa)
    2. to ink, to fill, cover, smear, mark, write, draw, illustrate, or outline with ink
      1. to write
        Synonyms: كَتَبَ (kataba), نَمَقَ (namaqa)
    3. (dated) to improve the overall quality of (a text, a performance, a skill, and so on), to refine, to polish; to perfect
      Synonym: حَسَّنَ (ḥassana)
    4. (dated) to improve the shape, form, style, structure, or composition of (handwriting, voice, and so on), to beautify; to embellish; to pretty
      Synonym: جَمَّلَ (jammala)
      1. to improve in aspect or appearance, to make visually pleasing, to deck, to decorate, to ornament
        Synonyms: زَيَّنَ (zayyana), نَمَّقَ (nammaqa), زَوَّقَ (zawwaqa)
      2. to pattern (a garment); to embroider
        Synonyms: نَقَشَ (naqaša), طَرَّزَ (ṭarraza), وَشَّى (waššā)
    Conjugation
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    Conjugation of حَبَرَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive, verbal nouns حَبْر, حُبُور)
    verbal noun
    الْمَصْدَر
    حَبْر, حُبُور
    ḥabr, ḥubūr
    active participle
    اِسْم الْفَاعِل
    حَابِر
    ḥābir
    passive participle
    اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
    مَحْبُور
    maḥbūr
    active voice
    الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
    singular
    الْمُفْرَد
    dual
    الْمُثَنَّى
    plural
    الْجَمْع
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    past (perfect) indicative
    الْمَاضِي
    m حَبَرْتُ
    ḥabartu
    حَبَرْتَ
    ḥabarta
    حَبَرَ
    ḥabara
    حَبَرْتُمَا
    ḥabartumā
    حَبَرَا
    ḥabarā
    حَبَرْنَا
    ḥabarnā
    حَبَرْتُمْ
    ḥabartum
    حَبَرُوا
    ḥabarū
    f حَبَرْتِ
    ḥabarti
    حَبَرَتْ
    ḥabarat
    حَبَرَتَا
    ḥabaratā
    حَبَرْتُنَّ
    ḥabartunna
    حَبَرْنَ
    ḥabarna
    non-past (imperfect) indicative
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
    m أَحْبُرُ
    ʔaḥburu
    تَحْبُرُ
    taḥburu
    يَحْبُرُ
    yaḥburu
    تَحْبُرَانِ
    taḥburāni
    يَحْبُرَانِ
    yaḥburāni
    نَحْبُرُ
    naḥburu
    تَحْبُرُونَ
    taḥburūna
    يَحْبُرُونَ
    yaḥburūna
    f تَحْبُرِينَ
    taḥburīna
    تَحْبُرُ
    taḥburu
    تَحْبُرَانِ
    taḥburāni
    تَحْبُرْنَ
    taḥburna
    يَحْبُرْنَ
    yaḥburna
    subjunctive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
    m أَحْبُرَ
    ʔaḥbura
    تَحْبُرَ
    taḥbura
    يَحْبُرَ
    yaḥbura
    تَحْبُرَا
    taḥburā
    يَحْبُرَا
    yaḥburā
    نَحْبُرَ
    naḥbura
    تَحْبُرُوا
    taḥburū
    يَحْبُرُوا
    yaḥburū
    f تَحْبُرِي
    taḥburī
    تَحْبُرَ
    taḥbura
    تَحْبُرَا
    taḥburā
    تَحْبُرْنَ
    taḥburna
    يَحْبُرْنَ
    yaḥburna
    jussive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
    m أَحْبُرْ
    ʔaḥbur
    تَحْبُرْ
    taḥbur
    يَحْبُرْ
    yaḥbur
    تَحْبُرَا
    taḥburā
    يَحْبُرَا
    yaḥburā
    نَحْبُرْ
    naḥbur
    تَحْبُرُوا
    taḥburū
    يَحْبُرُوا
    yaḥburū
    f تَحْبُرِي
    taḥburī
    تَحْبُرْ
    taḥbur
    تَحْبُرَا
    taḥburā
    تَحْبُرْنَ
    taḥburna
    يَحْبُرْنَ
    yaḥburna
    imperative
    الْأَمْر
    m اُحْبُرْ
    uḥbur
    اُحْبُرَا
    uḥburā
    اُحْبُرُوا
    uḥburū
    f اُحْبُرِي
    uḥburī
    اُحْبُرْنَ
    uḥburna
    passive voice
    الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
    singular
    الْمُفْرَد
    dual
    الْمُثَنَّى
    plural
    الْجَمْع
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    past (perfect) indicative
    الْمَاضِي
    m حُبِرْتُ
    ḥubirtu
    حُبِرْتَ
    ḥubirta
    حُبِرَ
    ḥubira
    حُبِرْتُمَا
    ḥubirtumā
    حُبِرَا
    ḥubirā
    حُبِرْنَا
    ḥubirnā
    حُبِرْتُمْ
    ḥubirtum
    حُبِرُوا
    ḥubirū
    f حُبِرْتِ
    ḥubirti
    حُبِرَتْ
    ḥubirat
    حُبِرَتَا
    ḥubiratā
    حُبِرْتُنَّ
    ḥubirtunna
    حُبِرْنَ
    ḥubirna
    non-past (imperfect) indicative
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
    m أُحْبَرُ
    ʔuḥbaru
    تُحْبَرُ
    tuḥbaru
    يُحْبَرُ
    yuḥbaru
    تُحْبَرَانِ
    tuḥbarāni
    يُحْبَرَانِ
    yuḥbarāni
    نُحْبَرُ
    nuḥbaru
    تُحْبَرُونَ
    tuḥbarūna
    يُحْبَرُونَ
    yuḥbarūna
    f تُحْبَرِينَ
    tuḥbarīna
    تُحْبَرُ
    tuḥbaru
    تُحْبَرَانِ
    tuḥbarāni
    تُحْبَرْنَ
    tuḥbarna
    يُحْبَرْنَ
    yuḥbarna
    subjunctive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
    m أُحْبَرَ
    ʔuḥbara
    تُحْبَرَ
    tuḥbara
    يُحْبَرَ
    yuḥbara
    تُحْبَرَا
    tuḥbarā
    يُحْبَرَا
    yuḥbarā
    نُحْبَرَ
    nuḥbara
    تُحْبَرُوا
    tuḥbarū
    يُحْبَرُوا
    yuḥbarū
    f تُحْبَرِي
    tuḥbarī
    تُحْبَرَ
    tuḥbara
    تُحْبَرَا
    tuḥbarā
    تُحْبَرْنَ
    tuḥbarna
    يُحْبَرْنَ
    yuḥbarna
    jussive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
    m أُحْبَرْ
    ʔuḥbar
    تُحْبَرْ
    tuḥbar
    يُحْبَرْ
    yuḥbar
    تُحْبَرَا
    tuḥbarā
    يُحْبَرَا
    yuḥbarā
    نُحْبَرْ
    nuḥbar
    تُحْبَرُوا
    tuḥbarū
    يُحْبَرُوا
    yuḥbarū
    f تُحْبَرِي
    tuḥbarī
    تُحْبَرْ
    tuḥbar
    تُحْبَرَا
    tuḥbarā
    تُحْبَرْنَ
    tuḥbarna
    يُحْبَرْنَ
    yuḥbarna

    Verb

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    حَبِرَ (ḥabira) I (non-past يَحْبَرُ (yaḥbaru), verbal noun حَبَر (ḥabar)) (intransitive)

    1. to be or become glad or happy, to cheer up, to brighten
      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:ar:become happy
    2. (of teeth) to become discolored (as if stained with ink), to become dark, to yellow
    Conjugation
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    Conjugation of حَبِرَ (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun حَبَر)
    verbal noun
    الْمَصْدَر
    حَبَر
    ḥabar
    active participle
    اِسْم الْفَاعِل
    حَبِر
    ḥabir
    active voice
    الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
    singular
    الْمُفْرَد
    dual
    الْمُثَنَّى
    plural
    الْجَمْع
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    past (perfect) indicative
    الْمَاضِي
    m حَبِرْتُ
    ḥabirtu
    حَبِرْتَ
    ḥabirta
    حَبِرَ
    ḥabira
    حَبِرْتُمَا
    ḥabirtumā
    حَبِرَا
    ḥabirā
    حَبِرْنَا
    ḥabirnā
    حَبِرْتُمْ
    ḥabirtum
    حَبِرُوا
    ḥabirū
    f حَبِرْتِ
    ḥabirti
    حَبِرَتْ
    ḥabirat
    حَبِرَتَا
    ḥabiratā
    حَبِرْتُنَّ
    ḥabirtunna
    حَبِرْنَ
    ḥabirna
    non-past (imperfect) indicative
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
    m أَحْبَرُ
    ʔaḥbaru
    تَحْبَرُ
    taḥbaru
    يَحْبَرُ
    yaḥbaru
    تَحْبَرَانِ
    taḥbarāni
    يَحْبَرَانِ
    yaḥbarāni
    نَحْبَرُ
    naḥbaru
    تَحْبَرُونَ
    taḥbarūna
    يَحْبَرُونَ
    yaḥbarūna
    f تَحْبَرِينَ
    taḥbarīna
    تَحْبَرُ
    taḥbaru
    تَحْبَرَانِ
    taḥbarāni
    تَحْبَرْنَ
    taḥbarna
    يَحْبَرْنَ
    yaḥbarna
    subjunctive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
    m أَحْبَرَ
    ʔaḥbara
    تَحْبَرَ
    taḥbara
    يَحْبَرَ
    yaḥbara
    تَحْبَرَا
    taḥbarā
    يَحْبَرَا
    yaḥbarā
    نَحْبَرَ
    naḥbara
    تَحْبَرُوا
    taḥbarū
    يَحْبَرُوا
    yaḥbarū
    f تَحْبَرِي
    taḥbarī
    تَحْبَرَ
    taḥbara
    تَحْبَرَا
    taḥbarā
    تَحْبَرْنَ
    taḥbarna
    يَحْبَرْنَ
    yaḥbarna
    jussive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
    m أَحْبَرْ
    ʔaḥbar
    تَحْبَرْ
    taḥbar
    يَحْبَرْ
    yaḥbar
    تَحْبَرَا
    taḥbarā
    يَحْبَرَا
    yaḥbarā
    نَحْبَرْ
    naḥbar
    تَحْبَرُوا
    taḥbarū
    يَحْبَرُوا
    yaḥbarū
    f تَحْبَرِي
    taḥbarī
    تَحْبَرْ
    taḥbar
    تَحْبَرَا
    taḥbarā
    تَحْبَرْنَ
    taḥbarna
    يَحْبَرْنَ
    yaḥbarna
    imperative
    الْأَمْر
    m اِحْبَرْ
    iḥbar
    اِحْبَرَا
    iḥbarā
    اِحْبَرُوا
    iḥbarū
    f اِحْبَرِي
    iḥbarī
    اِحْبَرْنَ
    iḥbarna

    Noun

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    حَبْر (ḥabrm

    1. verbal noun of حَبَرَ (ḥabara) (form I)
    Declension
    [edit]
    Declension of noun حَبْر (ḥabr)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal حَبْر
    ḥabr
    الْحَبْر
    al-ḥabr
    حَبْر
    ḥabr
    nominative حَبْرٌ
    ḥabrun
    الْحَبْرُ
    al-ḥabru
    حَبْرُ
    ḥabru
    accusative حَبْرًا
    ḥabran
    الْحَبْرَ
    al-ḥabra
    حَبْرَ
    ḥabra
    genitive حَبْرٍ
    ḥabrin
    الْحَبْرِ
    al-ḥabri
    حَبْرِ
    ḥabri

    Etymology 3

    [edit]

    Denominal verb of حِبْر (ḥibr, ink). Senses related to improvement, perfection, and embellishment are from or influenced by the root ح ب ر (ḥ b r) (see above).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Verb

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    حَبَّرَ (ḥabbara) II (non-past يُحَبِّرُ (yuḥabbiru), verbal noun تَحْبِير (taḥbīr)) (transitive)

    1. to ink, to fill, cover, smear, mark, write, draw, illustrate, or outline with ink
      1. to write (especially in an elegant style), to compose
        Synonym: نَمَّقَ (nammaqa)
    2. (dated) to better or improve in quality, appearance, etc. to enhance; to polish up; to perfect
      1. (dated) to prettify; to bedeck, to adorn
    Conjugation
    [edit]
    Conjugation of حَبَّرَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَحْبِير)
    verbal noun
    الْمَصْدَر
    تَحْبِير
    taḥbīr
    active participle
    اِسْم الْفَاعِل
    مُحَبِّر
    muḥabbir
    passive participle
    اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
    مُحَبَّر
    muḥabbar
    active voice
    الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
    singular
    الْمُفْرَد
    dual
    الْمُثَنَّى
    plural
    الْجَمْع
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    past (perfect) indicative
    الْمَاضِي
    m حَبَّرْتُ
    ḥabbartu
    حَبَّرْتَ
    ḥabbarta
    حَبَّرَ
    ḥabbara
    حَبَّرْتُمَا
    ḥabbartumā
    حَبَّرَا
    ḥabbarā
    حَبَّرْنَا
    ḥabbarnā
    حَبَّرْتُمْ
    ḥabbartum
    حَبَّرُوا
    ḥabbarū
    f حَبَّرْتِ
    ḥabbarti
    حَبَّرَتْ
    ḥabbarat
    حَبَّرَتَا
    ḥabbaratā
    حَبَّرْتُنَّ
    ḥabbartunna
    حَبَّرْنَ
    ḥabbarna
    non-past (imperfect) indicative
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
    m أُحَبِّرُ
    ʔuḥabbiru
    تُحَبِّرُ
    tuḥabbiru
    يُحَبِّرُ
    yuḥabbiru
    تُحَبِّرَانِ
    tuḥabbirāni
    يُحَبِّرَانِ
    yuḥabbirāni
    نُحَبِّرُ
    nuḥabbiru
    تُحَبِّرُونَ
    tuḥabbirūna
    يُحَبِّرُونَ
    yuḥabbirūna
    f تُحَبِّرِينَ
    tuḥabbirīna
    تُحَبِّرُ
    tuḥabbiru
    تُحَبِّرَانِ
    tuḥabbirāni
    تُحَبِّرْنَ
    tuḥabbirna
    يُحَبِّرْنَ
    yuḥabbirna
    subjunctive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
    m أُحَبِّرَ
    ʔuḥabbira
    تُحَبِّرَ
    tuḥabbira
    يُحَبِّرَ
    yuḥabbira
    تُحَبِّرَا
    tuḥabbirā
    يُحَبِّرَا
    yuḥabbirā
    نُحَبِّرَ
    nuḥabbira
    تُحَبِّرُوا
    tuḥabbirū
    يُحَبِّرُوا
    yuḥabbirū
    f تُحَبِّرِي
    tuḥabbirī
    تُحَبِّرَ
    tuḥabbira
    تُحَبِّرَا
    tuḥabbirā
    تُحَبِّرْنَ
    tuḥabbirna
    يُحَبِّرْنَ
    yuḥabbirna
    jussive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
    m أُحَبِّرْ
    ʔuḥabbir
    تُحَبِّرْ
    tuḥabbir
    يُحَبِّرْ
    yuḥabbir
    تُحَبِّرَا
    tuḥabbirā
    يُحَبِّرَا
    yuḥabbirā
    نُحَبِّرْ
    nuḥabbir
    تُحَبِّرُوا
    tuḥabbirū
    يُحَبِّرُوا
    yuḥabbirū
    f تُحَبِّرِي
    tuḥabbirī
    تُحَبِّرْ
    tuḥabbir
    تُحَبِّرَا
    tuḥabbirā
    تُحَبِّرْنَ
    tuḥabbirna
    يُحَبِّرْنَ
    yuḥabbirna
    imperative
    الْأَمْر
    m حَبِّرْ
    ḥabbir
    حَبِّرَا
    ḥabbirā
    حَبِّرُوا
    ḥabbirū
    f حَبِّرِي
    ḥabbirī
    حَبِّرْنَ
    ḥabbirna
    passive voice
    الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
    singular
    الْمُفْرَد
    dual
    الْمُثَنَّى
    plural
    الْجَمْع
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    past (perfect) indicative
    الْمَاضِي
    m حُبِّرْتُ
    ḥubbirtu
    حُبِّرْتَ
    ḥubbirta
    حُبِّرَ
    ḥubbira
    حُبِّرْتُمَا
    ḥubbirtumā
    حُبِّرَا
    ḥubbirā
    حُبِّرْنَا
    ḥubbirnā
    حُبِّرْتُمْ
    ḥubbirtum
    حُبِّرُوا
    ḥubbirū
    f حُبِّرْتِ
    ḥubbirti
    حُبِّرَتْ
    ḥubbirat
    حُبِّرَتَا
    ḥubbiratā
    حُبِّرْتُنَّ
    ḥubbirtunna
    حُبِّرْنَ
    ḥubbirna
    non-past (imperfect) indicative
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
    m أُحَبَّرُ
    ʔuḥabbaru
    تُحَبَّرُ
    tuḥabbaru
    يُحَبَّرُ
    yuḥabbaru
    تُحَبَّرَانِ
    tuḥabbarāni
    يُحَبَّرَانِ
    yuḥabbarāni
    نُحَبَّرُ
    nuḥabbaru
    تُحَبَّرُونَ
    tuḥabbarūna
    يُحَبَّرُونَ
    yuḥabbarūna
    f تُحَبَّرِينَ
    tuḥabbarīna
    تُحَبَّرُ
    tuḥabbaru
    تُحَبَّرَانِ
    tuḥabbarāni
    تُحَبَّرْنَ
    tuḥabbarna
    يُحَبَّرْنَ
    yuḥabbarna
    subjunctive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
    m أُحَبَّرَ
    ʔuḥabbara
    تُحَبَّرَ
    tuḥabbara
    يُحَبَّرَ
    yuḥabbara
    تُحَبَّرَا
    tuḥabbarā
    يُحَبَّرَا
    yuḥabbarā
    نُحَبَّرَ
    nuḥabbara
    تُحَبَّرُوا
    tuḥabbarū
    يُحَبَّرُوا
    yuḥabbarū
    f تُحَبَّرِي
    tuḥabbarī
    تُحَبَّرَ
    tuḥabbara
    تُحَبَّرَا
    tuḥabbarā
    تُحَبَّرْنَ
    tuḥabbarna
    يُحَبَّرْنَ
    yuḥabbarna
    jussive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
    m أُحَبَّرْ
    ʔuḥabbar
    تُحَبَّرْ
    tuḥabbar
    يُحَبَّرْ
    yuḥabbar
    تُحَبَّرَا
    tuḥabbarā
    يُحَبَّرَا
    yuḥabbarā
    نُحَبَّرْ
    nuḥabbar
    تُحَبَّرُوا
    tuḥabbarū
    يُحَبَّرُوا
    yuḥabbarū
    f تُحَبَّرِي
    tuḥabbarī
    تُحَبَّرْ
    tuḥabbar
    تُحَبَّرَا
    tuḥabbarā
    تُحَبَّرْنَ
    tuḥabbarna
    يُحَبَّرْنَ
    yuḥabbarna

    Etymology 4

    [edit]

      Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew חָבֵר (ḥɔḇer, comrade) in a specific meaning as used for sectarian cadres. Merged with Etymology 3 by analogy with the use of ink by religious clerks and scribes, hence "a man of learning", hence "a scholarly theologian", hence "an authority in matters of religion".

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      حَبْر or حِبْر (ḥabr or ḥibrm (plural أَحْبَار (ʔaḥbār)) (countable)

      1. (loosely) a scholar (especially one that is highly regarded and respected by a certain group and is deemed to be an authority)
        1. (with ال (al-, the)) the Scholar (one of the titles and designations of Ibn Abbas, one of companions of Muhammad)
      2. (religion, chiefly Abrahamism) a well-versed religious scribe; a learned theologian; a religious authority
        1. (Christianity) a bishop
          Synonym: أُسْقُف (ʔusquf)
        2. (Judaism) a rabbi
          Synonyms: حَاخَام (ḥāḵām), حَكِيم (ḥakīm)
        3. (Islam) an esteemed authoritative theologian, an imam
          Synonyms: إِمَام (ʔimām), مَرْجَع (marjaʕ), مُقَلَّد (muqallad)
      Declension
      [edit]
      Declension of noun حَبْر (ḥabr)‎; حِبْر (ḥibr)
      singular basic singular triptote
      indefinite definite construct
      informal حَبْر‎; حِبْر
      ḥabr‎; ḥibr
      الْحَبْر‎; الْحِبْر
      al-ḥabr‎; al-ḥibr
      حَبْر‎; حِبْر
      ḥabr‎; ḥibr
      nominative حَبْرٌ‎; حِبْرٌ
      ḥabrun‎; ḥibrun
      الْحَبْرُ‎; الْحِبْرُ
      al-ḥabru‎; al-ḥibru
      حَبْرُ‎; حِبْرُ
      ḥabru‎; ḥibru
      accusative حَبْرًا‎; حِبْرًا
      ḥabran‎; ḥibran
      الْحَبْرَ‎; الْحِبْرَ
      al-ḥabra‎; al-ḥibra
      حَبْرَ‎; حِبْرَ
      ḥabra‎; ḥibra
      genitive حَبْرٍ‎; حِبْرٍ
      ḥabrin‎; ḥibrin
      الْحَبْرِ‎; الْحِبْرِ
      al-ḥabri‎; al-ḥibri
      حَبْرِ‎; حِبْرِ
      ḥabri‎; ḥibri
      dual indefinite definite construct
      informal حَبْرَيْن‎; حِبْرَيْن
      ḥabrayn‎; ḥibrayn
      الْحَبْرَيْن‎; الْحِبْرَيْن
      al-ḥabrayn‎; al-ḥibrayn
      حَبْرَيْ‎; حِبْرَيْ
      ḥabray‎; ḥibray
      nominative حَبْرَانِ‎; حِبْرَانِ
      ḥabrāni‎; ḥibrāni
      الْحَبْرَانِ‎; الْحِبْرَانِ
      al-ḥabrāni‎; al-ḥibrāni
      حَبْرَا‎; حِبْرَا
      ḥabrā‎; ḥibrā
      accusative حَبْرَيْنِ‎; حِبْرَيْنِ
      ḥabrayni‎; ḥibrayni
      الْحَبْرَيْنِ‎; الْحِبْرَيْنِ
      al-ḥabrayni‎; al-ḥibrayni
      حَبْرَيْ‎; حِبْرَيْ
      ḥabray‎; ḥibray
      genitive حَبْرَيْنِ‎; حِبْرَيْنِ
      ḥabrayni‎; ḥibrayni
      الْحَبْرَيْنِ‎; الْحِبْرَيْنِ
      al-ḥabrayni‎; al-ḥibrayni
      حَبْرَيْ‎; حِبْرَيْ
      ḥabray‎; ḥibray
      plural basic broken plural triptote
      indefinite definite construct
      informal أَحْبَار
      ʔaḥbār
      الْأَحْبَار
      al-ʔaḥbār
      أَحْبَار
      ʔaḥbār
      nominative أَحْبَارٌ
      ʔaḥbārun
      الْأَحْبَارُ
      al-ʔaḥbāru
      أَحْبَارُ
      ʔaḥbāru
      accusative أَحْبَارًا
      ʔaḥbāran
      الْأَحْبَارَ
      al-ʔaḥbāra
      أَحْبَارَ
      ʔaḥbāra
      genitive أَحْبَارٍ
      ʔaḥbārin
      الْأَحْبَارِ
      al-ʔaḥbāri
      أَحْبَارِ
      ʔaḥbāri

      References

      [edit]
      • Ahrens, Karl (1930), “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[1] (in German), volume 84, page 20
      • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886), Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 247
      • Nöldeke, Theodor (1875), Mandäische Grammatik[2] (in German), Halle: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, →DOI, page 61
      • Geiger, Abraham (1833, 1902), Was hat Mohammed aus dem Judenthume aufgenommen? (in German), 2nd edition, Leipzig: M. W. Kaufmann, page 48

      Gulf Arabic

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      From Arabic حِبْر (ḥibr).

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      حبر (ḥibirm (plural احبار (aḥbār))

      1. ink
      2. ellipsis of قلم حبر (qalam ḥibir, pen)

      Hijazi Arabic

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      From Arabic حِبْر (ḥibr).

      Pronunciation

      [edit]
      • IPA(key): /ħi.bir/, [ħɪ.bɪr]

      Noun

      [edit]

      حبر (ḥibirm (construct state حِبْر (ḥibr), plural أحبار (ʔaḥbār))

      1. ink