壇

See also: 坛

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

壇 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 土卜田一 (GYWM), four-corner 4011₆, composition ⿰土亶)

1. altar
2. arena, examination hall

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 240, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5528
• Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 492, character 12
• Unihan data for U+58C7

---

Chinese

trad.		壇
simp.		坛*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (旦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
皽	*tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担	*taːnʔ
胆	*daːn, *daːn
疸	*taːnʔ, *taːns
觛	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
亶	*taːnʔ
嬗	*taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
笪	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
狚	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
旦	*taːns
鴠	*taːns
譠	*tʰaːn, *rteːn
坦	*tʰaːnʔ
但	*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
檀	*daːn
壇	*daːn
儃	*daːn, *djan
驙	*daːn, *tan
袒	*daːnʔ, *rdeːns
襢	*daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
繵	*daːnʔ
膻	*daːnʔ
澶	*daːns, *djan
邅	*tan, *danʔ, *dans
鱣	*tan
饘	*tjan, *tjanʔ
旜	*tjan
氈	*tjan
鸇	*tjan
顫	*tjans
蟺	*djanʔ
擅	*djans
羶	*hljan
呾	*taːd, *ʔraːd
怛	*taːd
妲	*taːd
靼	*taːd, *tjad
炟	*taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːn) : semantic 土 + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tán (tan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): taan⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thàn
• Northern Min (KCR): dǔing
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tân / thân / tôaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): duan⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tán
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tán
    • Wade–Giles: tʻan²
    • Yale: tán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
    • Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: taan⁴
    • Yale: tàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: tan^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tan²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰan¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǔing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuiŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tân
    • Tâi-lô: tân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tan²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tan¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thân
    • Tâi-lô: thân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: taan
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰan¹³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /tʰan²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tôaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tuânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dvoaa
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tuã²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tuã¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tuã²⁴/

Note:

• tân/thân - literary;
• tôaⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: duan⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuâⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tũã⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: dan

Rime
Character	壇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒干切
Baxter	dan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dan/
Li Rong	/dɑn/
Wang Li	/dɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]anʔ/, /*[d]ˤan/

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壇	壇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shàn	tán
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyenX ›	‹ dan ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]anʔ/	/*[d]ˁan/
English	leveled area	altar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壇
Reading #	1/1
No.	2063
Phonetic component	旦
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	壇
Old Chinese	/*daːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 壇

1. altar (Classifier: 座)

---

Japanese

Kanji

壇

(Jōyō kanji)

1. podium, stage, rostrum, terrace

Readings

• Go-on: だん (dan, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: ば (ba)、ところ (tokoro)、たいら (taira)

Proper noun

壇(だん) or 壇(proper) • (dan or proper) [[Category:Japanese
|たん']]

---

Korean

Hanja

壇 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 壇 (đàn, đường)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.