抓

Translingual

Han character

抓 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手竹中人 (QHLO) or 難手竹中人 (XQHLO), four-corner 5203₀, composition ⿰扌爪)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 421, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11885
• Dae Jaweon: page 768, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1839, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6293

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Chinese

trad.		抓
simp. #		抓

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爪) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
抓	*ʔsruː, *ʔsruːʔ, *ʔsruːs
爪	*ʔsruːʔ
笊	*ʔsruːʔ, *ʔsruːs
找	*ʔsruːʔ

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Is /-ua/ irregular? How did it develop?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhuā (zhua¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄚ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zua¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaau² / zaa¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cuá
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): jiàu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhuā
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhua
    • Wade–Giles: chua¹
    • Yale: jwā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jua
    • Palladius: чжуа (čžua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ä⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zua¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zua
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sua⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zaau² / zaa¹
    • Yale: jáau / jā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaau² / dzaa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zao² / za¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːu̯³⁵/, /t͡saː⁵⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cuá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sua⁵⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiàu
    • Tâi-lô: jiàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiaux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /d͡ziau²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /d͡ziau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /d͡ziau¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau²¹/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 抓
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂua⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡suɑ²¹/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂua²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂua²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂua²⁴/
	Xi'an	/p͡fa²¹/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fa³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡sua⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡sua⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡sua⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂua̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂɑ³¹/ /ʈ͡ʂuɑ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂua²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sua¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡suɑ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sua³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sa⁵³/ /t͡so⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡sɑ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷɑ³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡suɔ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sua³¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡suːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕya³³/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕyɒ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sɑ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sa⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sa⁵³/
	Nanning	/t͡sa⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sau³⁵/ /t͡sa⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sua⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡sua⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡sua⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡suã³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡sua²³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsraew, tsraewX, tsraewH

Rime
Character	抓	抓	抓
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)	莊 (18)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	肴 (90)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II	II
Fanqie	側交切	側絞切	側敎切
Baxter	tsraew	tsraewX	tsraewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃˠau/	/t͡ʃˠauX/	/t͡ʃˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂᵚau/	/ʈ͡ʂᵚauX/	/ʈ͡ʂᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃau/	/t͡ʃauX/	/t͡ʃauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂaɨw/	/ʈ͡ʂaɨwX/	/ʈ͡ʂaɨwH/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃau/	/t͡ʃauX/	/t͡ʃauH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃau/	/t͡ʃauX/	/t͡ʃauH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂau/	/ʈ͡ʂauX/	/ʈ͡ʂauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhāo	zhǎo	zhào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaau1	zaau2	zaau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts](ˤ)ru/, /*tsˤ<r>uʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsruː/, /*ʔsruːʔ/, /*ʔsruːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	抓	抓
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuā	zhuā
Middle Chinese	‹ tsræw ›	‹ tsræwX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts](ˁ)ru/	/*tsˁ<r>uʔ/
English	grasp	grasp
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	抓	抓	抓
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	17657	17660	17662
Phonetic component	爪	爪	爪
Rime group	幽	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	𦗔	爪	抓
Old Chinese	/*ʔsruː/	/*ʔsruːʔ/	/*ʔsruːs/
Notes	見枚乘書，北音後混撾	見枚乘書

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 抓

1. to grab
2. to scratch (with nails, claws, etc.)
3. to supervise; to take control of; to ensure

   狠抓產品質量／狠抓产品质量  ―  hěn zhuā chǎnpǐn zhìliàng  ―  to strengthen quality control of products

4. to arrest

Synonyms

• (to arrest):
  • 捕獲／捕获 (bǔhuò)
  • 逮捕 (dàibǔ)
  • 擒獲／擒获 (qínhuò)
  • 擒拿 (qínná)
  • 抓獲／抓获 (zhuāhuò)
  • 捉拿 (zhuōná)
• (to scratch):

Dialectal synonyms of 搔 (“to scratch (an itch)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		搔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		搔, 撓
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	搔, 抓
Cantonese	Guangzhou	𢯎, 搲
	Hong Kong	𢯎, 搲
	Taishan	搲
Hakka	Meixian	搲
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	爪
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	爪
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	爪
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	爪
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	爪
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	爪
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	扒
Southern Min	Xiamen	扒
	Quanzhou	扒
	Zhangzhou	扒
	Tainan	扒
	Singapore (Hokkien)	扒
	Manila (Hokkien)	扒
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	扒
	Puning	嬈, 扒
Wu	Shanghai	抓
	Suzhou	抓
	Wenzhou	抓

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

抓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: つまむ (tsumamu, 抓む); つねる (tsuneru, 抓る)

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Korean

Hanja

抓 • (jo) (hangeul 조)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 抓 (co, trảo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.