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抓

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
抓 U+6293, 抓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6293
← 抒
[U+6292] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 抔 →
[U+6294]

Translingual

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Han character

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抓 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, Cangjie input 手竹中人 (QHLO) or 難手竹中人 (XQHLO), four-corner 52030, composition ⿰扌爪)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 421, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11885
  • Dae Jaweon: page 768, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1839, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6293

Chinese

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trad. 抓
simp. # 抓

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (爪) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
抓 *ʔsruː, *ʔsruːʔ, *ʔsruːs
爪 *ʔsruːʔ
笊 *ʔsruːʔ, *ʔsruːs
找 *ʔsruːʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsruː, *ʔsruːʔ, *ʔsruːs): semantic 手 + phonetic 爪 (OC *ʔsruːʔ).

Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Is /-ua/ irregular? How did it develop?”)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • 1tsau - vernacular, "to scratch (an itch)";
  • 1tsa - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 抓
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂua⁵⁵/
    Harbin /ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡suɑ²¹/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂua²¹³/
    Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂua²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂua²⁴/
    Xi'an /p͡fa²¹/
    Xining /ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /p͡fa³¹/
    Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂua⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /t͡sua⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡sua⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /t͡sua⁵⁵/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂua̠⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂɑ³¹/
    /ʈ͡ʂuɑ³¹/
    Hefei /ʈ͡ʂua²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sua¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡suɑ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡sua³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡sa⁵³/
    /t͡so⁵³/
    Suzhou /t͡sɑ⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷɑ³³/
    Wenzhou /t͡suɔ³³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sua³¹/
    Tunxi /t͡suːə¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕya³³/
    Xiangtan /t͡ɕyɒ³³/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sɑ⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sa⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sa⁵³/
    Nanning /t͡sa⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /t͡sau³⁵/
    /t͡sa⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sua⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sua⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sua⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /t͡suã³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡sua²³/
    Rime
    Character 抓 抓 抓
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    Initial (聲) 莊 (18) 莊 (18) 莊 (18)
    Final (韻) 肴 (90) 肴 (90) 肴 (90)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open Open
    Division (等) II II II
    Fanqie 側交切 側絞切 側敎切
    Baxter tsraew tsraewX tsraewH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ʃˠau/ /t͡ʃˠauX/ /t͡ʃˠauH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʈ͡ʂᵚau/ /ʈ͡ʂᵚauX/ /ʈ͡ʂᵚauH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ʃau/ /t͡ʃauX/ /t͡ʃauH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʈ͡ʂaɨw/ /ʈ͡ʂaɨwX/ /ʈ͡ʂaɨwH/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ʃau/ /t͡ʃauX/ /t͡ʃauH/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ʃau/ /t͡ʃauX/ /t͡ʃauH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ʈ͡ʂau/ /ʈ͡ʂauX/ /ʈ͡ʂauH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhāo zhǎo zhào
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zaau1 zaau2 zaau3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 抓 抓
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhuā zhuā
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsræw › ‹ tsræwX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ts](ˁ)ru/ /*tsˁ<r>uʔ/
    English grasp grasp

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 抓 抓 抓
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    No. 17657 17660 17662
    Phonetic
    component         		爪 爪 爪
    Rime
    group         		幽 幽 幽
    Rime
    subdivision         		1 1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		𦗔 爪 抓
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ʔsruː/ /*ʔsruːʔ/ /*ʔsruːs/
    Notes 見枚乘書，北音後混撾 見枚乘書

    Definitions

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    抓

    1. to grab
    2. to scratch (with nails, claws, etc.)
    3. to be responsible for; to be in charge of
      狠抓產品質量／狠抓产品质量  ―  hěn zhuā chǎnpǐn zhìliàng  ―  to strengthen quality control of products
    4. to attract (the attention of someone or something); to entice; to allure; to draw; to fascinate; to appeal to
    5. to catch; to capture
    6. to arrest
    Synonyms
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    • (to grab): (colloquial) 抄 (chāo)
    • (to scratch):
    Dialectal synonyms of 搔 (“to scratch (an itch)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 搔
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 搔, 撓
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 搔, 抓
    Singapore 抓
    Cantonese Guangzhou 𢯎, 搲
    Hong Kong 𢯎, 搲
    Taishan 搲
    Yangjiang 𢯎
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 搲
    Hakka Meixian 搲
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 爪
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 爪
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 爪
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 爪
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 爪
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 爪
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 扒
    Southern Min Xiamen 扒
    Quanzhou 扒
    Zhangzhou 扒
    Tainan 扒
    Singapore (Hokkien) 扒
    Manila (Hokkien) 扒
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 扒
    Puning 嬈, 扒
    Wu Shanghai 抓
    Suzhou 抓
    Wenzhou 抓
    • (to be responsible for): 主管 (zhǔguǎn)
    • (to attract):
    • (to catch):
    Dialectal synonyms of 捉 (“to catch; to capture”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 捉, 抓, 捕, 捕捉
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 抓, 捉
    Malaysia 抓
    Singapore 捉, 抓
    Cantonese Guangzhou 捉
    Hong Kong 捉
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 捉
    Singapore (Guangfu) 捉
    Hakka Meixian 捉
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 捉
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 捉
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 捉
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 捉
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 捉
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 捉
    Southern Min Xiamen 掠
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 掠
    Quanzhou 掠
    Zhangzhou 掠
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 掠
    Tainan 掠
    Penang (Hokkien) 掠
    Singapore (Hokkien) 掠
    Manila (Hokkien) 掠
    Chaozhou 掠
    Raoping 掠
    Shantou 掠
    Jieyang 掠
    Singapore (Teochew) 掠
    Wenchang 掠
    Qionghai 掠
    Puxian Min Putian 搦
    Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 搦
    Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 搦
    Xianyou 搦
    Xianyou (Fengting) 搦
    Xianyou (Youyang) 搦
    Wu Shanghai 捉
    Suzhou 捉
    Hangzhou 抲
    Shaoxing 抲
    Ningbo 抲
    • (to arrest):
    Dialectal synonyms of 逮捕 (“to arrest”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 逮捕, 拘捕, 捕捉, 緝捕, 捉拿
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 逮, 抓
    Taiwan 捉, 抓
    Malaysia 捉
    Singapore 捉, 抓
    Cantonese Guangzhou 拉
    Hong Kong 拉, 錔
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 捉
    Singapore (Guangfu) 拉
    Hakka Meixian 捉
    Southern Min Xiamen 緝掠
    Quanzhou 網, 網董
    Tainan 掠
    Penang (Hokkien) 掠
    Singapore (Hokkien) 掠
    Manila (Hokkien) 掠
    Jieyang 掠
    Singapore (Teochew) 掠
    Wu Shanghai 捕
    Ningbo 揢
    Wenzhou 拔

    Compounds

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    Etymology 2

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    For pronunciation and definitions of 抓 – see 爪 (“(Southern Min) to claw; to scratch (with one's claw or nail)”).
    (This character is a variant form of 爪).

    References

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    • “抓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
    • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “抓”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 177.

    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    抓

    (Hyōgai kanji)

    1. to pinch (つまむ, つねる, つむ)[1]
    2. to scratch (かく)

    Readings

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    References

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    1. ^ “抓”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    抓 • (jo) (hangeul 조)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    抓: Hán Nôm readings: co, trảo

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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