薇
Appearance
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]薇 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿竹人大 (THOK), four-corner 44248, composition ⿱艹微)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1060, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32092
- Dae Jaweon: page 1524, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3303, character 12
- Unihan data for U+8587
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 薇 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 薇 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *mrɯl, *mɯl) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 微 (OC *mɯl).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wei
- Wade–Giles: wei1
- Yale: wēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uei
- Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
- Wade–Giles: wei2
- Yale: wéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
- Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mei4
- Yale: mèih
- Cantonese Pinyin: mei4
- Guangdong Romanization: méi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /mei̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: mij, mj+j
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*mrɯl/, /*mɯl/
Definitions
[edit]薇
- Osmunda regalis, a species of fern (also known as royal fern or flowering fern)
- 陟彼南山、言采其薇。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zhì bǐ nánshān, yán cǎi qí wēi. [Pinyin]
- I ascended that hill in the south, and gathered the royal ferns.
- Used in 薔薇/蔷薇 (qiángwēi, “multiflora rose”).
See also
[edit]- 蕨 (jué, “bracken, eagle fern”)
Compounds
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]薇
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 薔薇 (bara): rose
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
薇 |
ぜんまい Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
紫萁 (uncommon) 狗脊 (rare) |
Uncertain. Theories include:
- Shift from 銭舞 (zeni mai, literally “coin + twirling / spinning”), from the way the fiddleheads look like rotating or twirling coins
- Shift from 銭巻き (zeni maki, literally “coin + roll”), from the way the coil of a fiddlehead with the hole in the center looks like a traditional coin (which also has a hole in the center)[1]
- Shift from 千巻き (sen maki, literally “thousand + roll”), from the way the repeating pattern of the fiddleheads look like a lot of small things in a roll
The "roll" derivation would align with the derivation of synonym 巻子 (makago).
First attested in 1709.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- [from 1709] Japanese flowering fern (Osmunda japonica), of which the young fiddleheads are edible
Usage notes
[edit]As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ゼンマイ.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ “薇・紫萁・狗脊”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- Entry at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 薇 (MC mij). Recorded as Middle Korean 미 (mi) (Yale: mi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]薇 (eumhun 장미 미 (jangmi mi))
薇 (eumhun 고비 미 (gobi mi))
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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