阻

Translingual

Han character

阻 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓中月一 (NLBM), four-corner 7721₀, composition ⿰⻖且)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1347, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41593
• Dae Jaweon: page 1849, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4121, character 1
• Unihan data for U+963B

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		阻

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 阻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
虘	*zaːl, *zaː
蔖	*zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣	*rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓	*ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚	*ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝	*ʔsjaː
謯	*ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐	*ʔsjaːʔ
抯	*ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷	*ʔsjaːʔ
且	*sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄	*sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡	*sʰjaːs
查	*ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤	*ʔsraː
樝	*ʔsraː
皻	*ʔsraː
渣	*ʔsraː
楂	*zraː
苴	*zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔	*ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租	*ʔsaː
蒩	*ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖	*ʔsaːʔ
組	*ʔsaːʔ
珇	*ʔsaːʔ
靻	*ʔsaːʔ
粗	*sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂	*zaː
殂	*zaː
麆	*zaːʔ, *zras
伹	*zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆	*ʔsa, *sʰa
沮	*ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀	*ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽	*sʰa
雎	*sʰa
狙	*sʰa, *sʰas
岨	*sʰa
砠	*sʰa
坥	*sʰa, *sʰas
刞	*sʰas
覰	*sʰas
覷	*sʰas
跙	*zaʔ
筯	*das
菹	*ʔsra
葅	*ʔsra
阻	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎	*ʔsraʔ
詛	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏	*zra, *zraʔ
豠	*zra
鋤	*zra
耡	*zra, *zras
齟	*zraʔ
助	*zras

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǔ (zu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zo²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zo²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chú
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zo²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǔ
    • Wade–Giles: tsu³
    • Yale: dzǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuu
    • Palladius: цзу (czu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zo²
    • Yale: jó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔː³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sᵘɔ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú
    • Hakka Romanization System: zu`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zu³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zo²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: tsrjoX, tsrjoH

Rime
Character	阻	阻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	側吕切	莊助切
Baxter	tsrjoX	tsrjoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃɨʌX/	/t͡ʃɨʌH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂiɔX/	/ʈ͡ʂiɔH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃiɔX/	/t͡ʃiɔH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂɨə̆X/	/ʈ͡ʂɨə̆H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃiɔX/	/t͡ʃiɔH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃĭoX/	/t͡ʃĭoH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂi̯woX/	/ʈ͡ʂi̯woH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǔ	zhù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zo2	zo3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]raʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsraʔ/, /*ʔsras/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	阻
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrjoX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]raʔ/
English	filled with obstacles
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阻	阻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10446	10450
Phonetic component	且	且
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		詛
Old Chinese	/*ʔsraʔ/	/*ʔsras/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 阻

1. to impede, to hinder, to block, to obstruct

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Japanese

Kanji

阻

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しょ (sho)
• Kan-on: そ (so, Jōyō)
• Kun: はばむ (habamu, 阻む, Jōyō); けわしい (kewashii, 阻しい); へだてる (hedateru, 阻てる)

Compounds

• 険阻(けんそ) (kenso)
• 阻止(そし) (soshi)
• 阻喪(そそう) (sosō)

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Korean

Hanja

阻 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 阻 (trở)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.