灯
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Translingual
[edit]Japanese | 灯 |
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Simplified | 灯 |
Traditional | 燈 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声) : semantic 火 + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).
Han character
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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灯 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火一弓 (FMN), composition ⿰火丁)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 665, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18855
- Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2188, character 3
- Unihan data for U+706F
Chinese
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 灯 – see 燈 (“lamp; light; lantern; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 燈). |
Notes:
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Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit](Fourth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 燈)
Readings
[edit]As shinjitai/variant kanji of 燈:
As unsimplified kanji 灯:
Readings shared by both kanji:
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
とう Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 燈 (MC tong).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Proverbs
[edit]- 灯滅せんとして光を増す (tō messen to shite hikari o masu)
Counter
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- 一灯 (ittō)
Suffix
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- アーク灯 (āku-tō)
Affix
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
ともし Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
First attested around the 10th century.
Nominalization of 点し (tomoshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tomosu, “to light”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- 灯油 (tomoshiabura)
- 灯 (tomoshibi)
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
ともしび Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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燈 (kyūjitai) 灯火 ともし火 燭 |
Compound of 点し (tomoshi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tomosu), “to light”) + 火 (hi, “fire”).
The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) ともしび [tòmóshíbí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) ともしび [tòmóshíꜜbì] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [to̞mo̞ɕibʲi]
Noun
[edit]- a light
- 1986, “Kimi o Nosete [Reaching You]”, Hayao Miyazaki (lyrics), Joe Hisaishi (music), performed by Azumi Inoue:
- 地球はまわる君をかくして 輝く瞳きらめく灯...
- Chikyū wa mawaru kimi o kakushite kagayaku hitomi kirameku tomoshibi
- The Earth spins, hiding your shining pupils [and] glittering lights.
- 地球はまわる君をかくして 輝く瞳きらめく灯...
- a lit flame (such as of a candle or torch)
- (historical, obsolete) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of the Heian period, a kind of scholarship granted to university students
Derived terms
[edit]- 灯消えんとして光を増す (tomoshibi kien to shite hikari o masu)
Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
とぼし Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Alternative spellings |
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燈 (kyūjitai) 点火 |
Nominalization of 点し (toboshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tobosu, “to light”, archaic).
Equivalent to a shift from tomoshi above, with the nasal /-m-/ becomes plosive /-b-/.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- 灯油 (toboshiabura)
- 灯 (toboshibi)
Proper noun
[edit]Etymology 5
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
とぼしび Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Alternative spellings |
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燈 (kyūjitai) 灯火 燭 |
Compound of 点し (toboshi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tobosu), “to light”, archaic) + 火 (hi, “fire”). The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Equivalent to a shift from tomoshibi above, the nasal /-m-/ becomes plosive /-b-/.
Noun
[edit]- (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshibi)
Etymology 6
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
あかし Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 明かす (akasu, “to go through the whole night”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a light, lamp
- 1987, “Abare-daiko [Raging Drums]”, Takashi Taka (lyrics), Kōshō Inomata (music), performed by Fuyumi Sakamoto:
- (Shinto, Buddhism) a light (or lighted lamp) offered to a kami or buddha
Derived terms
[edit]- 御灯 (miakashi)
Etymology 7
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
ひ Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
Cognate with and extension of 火 (hi, “fire”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a light, lamp
- Synonym: 明かり (akari)
- 1986, “Kimi o Nosete [Reaching You]”, Hayao Miyazaki (lyrics), Joe Hisaishi (music), performed by Azumi Inoue:
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- ja:Shinto
- ja:Buddhism
- Japanese terms spelled with 灯 read as ひ