User:Fish bowl/p/ja

pronunciation section

• https://codepen.io/szc/full/OwRQmK: ideas for wikicode and appearance
  • (using pure css to change appearance is just a cute and convenient party trick)
  • ←User:Dine2016/まっとう
• User:Fish bowl/p/zh#t:zh-pron c

conjugation tables

• [module code moved to a private wiki because i'm unhappy with the quality of the code]
• NEW! →User:Fish bowl/p/ja#Conjugation
• https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=焼く&oldid=44454957

Japanese {classifiers}

Classifier

～匹(～ひき) • (-hiki)

1. Classifier for small animals.

??? forms

? forms of 匹 (hiki)

一(いち) (ichi)	二(に) (ni)	三(さん) (san)	四(よん) (yon)	五(ご) (go)	六(ろく) (roku)	七(なな) (nana)	八(はち) (hachi)	九(きゅう) (kyū)	十(じゅう) (jū)
一匹(いっぴき) (ippiki)	二匹(にひき) (nihiki)	三匹(さんびき) (sanbiki)	四匹(よんひき) (yonhiki)	五匹(ごひき) (gohiki)	六匹(ろっぴき) (roppiki)	七匹(ななひき) (nanahiki)	八匹(はちひき) (hachihiki)	九匹(きゅうひき) (kyūhiki)	十匹(じっぴき) (jippiki)
					六匹(ろくひき) (rokuhiki)		八匹(はっぴき) (happiki)
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10

References

• [4]

Japanese

Noun

…… (hiragana ……, rōmaji ……)

1. ……
   • ……

   (Literary Chinese, kyūjitai)

   (Literary Chinese)

   學(まな)びて時(とき)に之(これ)を習(なら)ふ亦(また)説(よろこ)ばしからずや (classical, kanbun kandoku, kyūjitai)

   學(まな)びて時(とき)に之(これ)を習(なら)ふ亦(また)説(よろこ)ばしからずや

   学(まな)びて時(とき)に之(これ)を習(なら)ふ亦(また)説(よろこ)ばしからずや (classical, kanbun kandoku)

   manabite toki ni kore wo narafu mata yorokobasikarazu ya (classical)
   (modernised)

   学(まな)んで時(とき)にこれを習(なら)う亦(また)説(よろこ)ばしからずや (modernised)

   Learning and at times practicing it: is this not happiness?

Japanese {entry format reform}: ける

[i have read nothing about the development of japanese yet, not even the wikipedia pages. all i know is that modern != non-modern]

Etymology 1

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける
Kanji	蹴る

From {{inh|ja|ja-classical|ける|tr=keru|pos=verb: four-grade}}.

Pronunciation

• →User:Fish bowl/p/ja#pronunciation section

Verb

ける • (keru) (five-grade conjugation)

1. (transitive) to kick
2. …

Synonyms

• (classical) ける (蹴る, keru, verb: four-grade)
• (classical) ける (蹴る, keru, verb: lower monograde)
• (classical) くゆ (蹴ゆ, kuyu, verb: lower bigrade)
• (classical) こゆ (蹴ゆ, koyu, verb: lower bigrade)
• (classical) くう (蹴う, kuu, verb: lower bigrade)
• (classical) くゑる (蹴ゑる, kuweru, verb: lower monograde???)

Derived terms

• Derived from ける (verb: lower monograde); derivation from ける (verb: five-grade) would produce *keri-.
  • けとばす (蹴飛ばす, ketobasu)
    • けっとばす (蹴っ飛ばす, kettobasu)
  • けちらす (蹴散らす, kechirasu)

See also

• [experimenting with formatting for other types of words & links]
• [we should keep links simple most of the time. this is "what if". (what an eyesore)]
• [normalize all spellings into shinjitai?]
• : can be found in links (if we allow things like {{jpx-l|w:ja:いろは}}) or glosses (if using unnamed parameter for glosses, which may cause ambiguity), therefore, use ` as the delimiter. or @
  • format for alternate link text? {{jpx-l|[[w:ja:いろは|いろは]]}}?
• 変化 [變化] (へんか < へんくわ, henka < henkuwa, "change", noun)
  • {{jpx-l|変化~變化`へんか<へんくわ|change|pos=noun}}
  • {{jpx-l|ja|変化~變化`へんか<へんくわ|change|pos=noun}}
  • {{jpx-l|ja|変化~變化`へんか<へんくわ|pos=noun|t=change}}
  • {{jpx-l|ja|変化|h=1|kyu=1|pos=noun|t=change}}
• たたかう < たたかふ (戦う [戰う] < 戦ふ [戰ふ], tatakau < tatakafu, verb: five-grade < verb: four-grade)
  • {{jpx-l|たたかう<たたかふ`戦う~戰う<戦ふ~戰ふ|pos=v5<v4}}
  • {{jpx-l|たたかう|h=1|kyu=1|pos=v5<v4|sp=1}}
• おいはらう < おひはらふ (追い払う [追い拂う] < 追ひ払ふ [追ひ拂ふ], 追いはらう < 追ひはらふ, 追払う [追拂う] < 追払ふ [追拂ふ], oiharau < ofifarafu)
  • {{jpx-l|おいはらう<おひはらふ`追い払う~追い拂う<追ひ払ふ~追ひ拂ふ,追いはらう<追ひはらふ,追払う~追拂う<追払ふ~追拂ふ}}
  • {{jpx-l|おいはらう|h=1|kyu=1|sp=1}}
• 蹴然 (しゅくぜん < しゆくぜん, shukuzen < syukuzen, しゅうぜん < しうぜん, shūzen < siuzen)
  • {{jpx-l|蹴然`しゅくぜん<しゆくぜん,しゅうぜん<しうぜん}}
  • {{jpx-l|蹴然|h=1}}
• 法律 (ほうりつ < はふりつ, hōritsu < fafuritu, ほうりつ < ほふりつ, hōritsu < fofuritu)
  • {{jpx-l|法律`ほうりつ<はふりつ,ほうりつ<ほふりつ}}
  • {{jpx-l|法律|h=1}}
• 放物線 < 抛物線 (ほうぶつせん < はうぶつせん, hōbutsuen < haubutsusen) 放物線 (ほうぶつせん < はうぶつせん, hōbutsuen < haubutusen) < 抛物線 (ほうぶつせん < はうぶつせん, hōbutsuen < haubutusen) ??
  • {{jpx-l|放物線`ほうぶつせん<はうぶつせん}} < {{jpx-l|抛物線`ほうぶつせん<はうぶつせん}}
  • {{jpx-l|放物線|h=1}} < {{jpx-l|抛物線|h=1}}
• 符丁, 符帳 (ふちょう < ふちやう, fuchō < futyau) < 符牒 (ふちょう < ふてふ, fuchō < futefu)
  • {{jpx-l|符丁,符帳`ふちょう<ふちやう}} < {{jpx-l|符牒`ふちょう<ふてふ}}
  • {{jpx-l|符丁,符帳|h=1}} < {{jpx-l|符牒|h=1}}
    • what would the template do if the readings of 符丁 and 符帳 are different?
    • disallow {{jpx-l|漢語<漢語}}?

Conjugation

[Wiktionary talk:About Japanese/Conjugation ~ Wiktionary talk:About Japanese#Conjugation table]

五段活用: five-grade conjugation
		Example constructions
未然形 Imperfective	未然形 Imperfective	けら kera	Negative: “not ~” [adj. i] けらない keranai Passive: “be ~ed” [v. 5g] けられる kerareru Causative: “make/have sth./sb. ~” [v. 5g] けらせる keraseru Causative: “make/have sth./sb. ~” [v. 1g] けらす kerasu Negative continuative: “without ~ing” けらず kerazu ???: “please do not ~” (formal) けらないでください keranaide kudasai (informal) けらないで keranaide ???: “???” けらねば keraneba
けろ kero		Volitional: “let's ~”! けろう kerō (informal) けろ kero
連用形 Continuative	連用形 Continuative	けり keri	??? (formal): “~” [v. 5g] けります kerimasu ???: “~/~ing” [n.] けり keri ???: “please ~” (???) けりなさい kerinasai (???) けりな kerina ??? (literary): “~!” けりたまえ keritamae ???: “want to ~” [adj. i] けりたい keritai ???: “to want to ~” [v. 5g] けりたがる keritagaru ???: “while ~ing” けりながら kerinagara
けっ ke'		Perfective: “~ed” けった ketta ???: “if sb. ~s/~ed” けったら kettara ???: “???” けったり kettari Conjunctive けって kette ???: “please ~” (formal) けってください kette kudasai (informal) けって kette ??? (informal): “please ~” けって頂戴 kette chōdai ???: “~ing” [v. 1g] けっている ketteiru (informal) けってる ketteru ???: “???” [v. 5g-iku] けっていく ketteiku けってゆく ketteyuku (informal) けってく ketteku ???: “???” [v. irr-kuru] けってくる kettekuru ???: “???” [v. 1g] けってくれる kettekureru ???: “to try to ~” [v. 1g] けってみる kettemiru ???: “???” [v. 5g] けってしまう ketteshimau (informal) けっちまう ketchimau ???: “???” [v. 5g] けっておる ketteoru ???: “???” [v. 5g] けってやる ketteyaru ???: “???” [v. 1g] けってあげる kette ageru ???: “want sb. to ~” [adj. i] けってほしい kettehoshii
終止形 Terminal	ける keru	???: “~” [v. 5g] ける keru ???: “don't ~!” けるな keruna
連体形 Attributive	ける keru	“when one ~s” [n.] けるとき keru toki “~/~ing” [n.] けること keru koto
仮定形 Hypothetical	けれ kere	Hypothetical conditional: “if sb. ~s/~ed” ければ kereba Potential: “can ~” [v. 1g] けれる kereru
命令形 Imperative	けれ kere	Imperative: “~!” けれ kere

["v. 5g", etc is ad-hoc; is there a standard?] [made without referencing Shinji's table; 思い浮かんだら追加; some of these probably shouldn't be here but let's think about that later]

Conjugation by mood + miscellaneous
Non-past indicative Affirmative Negative Non-polite Polite Non-polite Polite かく kaku かきます kakimasu かくっす kaku-ssu かかない kakanai かかねえ kakanē かかぬ kakanu かかん kakan かきません kakimasen かかないです kakanai desu かかないっす kakanai-ssu かかねえっす kakanē-ssu
Past indicative Affirmative Negative Non-polite Polite Non-polite Polite かいた kaita

[can i use <ref></ref> and *△† at the same time :(]

[another table for 歴史的仮名遣い?]

Etymology 2

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける
Kanji	蹴る

From {{cog|ja-classical|ける|tr=keru|pos=verb: lower monograde}}. The shift in the paradigm occurred in the Edo period.

Pronunciation

• …

Verb

(Classical Japanese) ける • (keru) (four-grade conjugation)

[presentation of "classical"-style romaji vs. "modern"-style romaji?] [also, "modernized" pronunciation of classical terms]

1. (transitive) to kick
2. …

Conjugation

• …

Etymology 3

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける
Kanji	蹴る

From {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*hogepiy-}}.

It is suggested that perhaps the original form was {{m|ja-classical|くう|tr=kuu|pos=verb: lower bigrade}} or {{m|ja-classical|くゑる|tr=kuweru|pos=verb: lower monograde}}.

Pronunciation

• …

Verb

(Classical Japanese) ける • (keru) (lower monograde conjugation)

1. (transitive) to kick
2. …

Conjugation

• ける (keru) is the sole lower monograde verb in Classical Japanese.

(Classical Japanese) 下一段活用: lower monograde conjugation
未然形 Irrealis	連用形 Continuative	終止形 Terminal	連体形 Attributive	已然形 Realis	命令形 Imperative
け ke	け ke	ける keru	ける keru	けれ kere	けよ keyo
Example constructions

Etymology 4

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける

Verb

(Classical Japanese) ける • (keru)

1. attributive of けり (keri)

Japanese {entry format reform}: 法律

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
法	律
ほう Grade: 4	りつ Grade: 6
on’yomi

Hiragana	modern	ほうりつ
	historical	はふりつ

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• …

Noun

法律 • (hōritsu)

1. …

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
法	律
ほう Grade: 4	りつ Grade: 6
on’yomi

Hiragana	modern	ほうりつ
	historical	ほふりつ

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• …

Noun

法律 • (hōritsu)

1. (Buddhism) …

Japanese {entry format reform}: あふる

Etymology 1

From {{inh|ja|ja-classical|あふる|tr=afuru|pos=verb: four-grade}}.

Verb

あふる • (aoru) (five-grade conjugation)

1. historical kana spelling of あおる (aoru)

Conjugation

• …

Etymology 2

Hiragana	modern	あおる
	historical	あふる
Kanji	煽る

…

Pronunciation

• …

Verb

(Classical Japanese) あふる • (afuru) (four-grade conjugation)

1. (transitive) …

Conjugation

• …

Japanese {entry format reform}: ○○形

Suffix

… 未然形 (mizenkei) +

1. hoge

Suffix

… 連用形 (ren'yōkei) +

1. fuga

Particle

+ … 已然形 (izenkei)

1. piyo