horen

See also: Horen, hören, and Hören

Danish

Noun

horen c

1. definite singular of hore

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɦoːrə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ho‧ren
• Rhymes: -oːrən

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch horen, from Old Dutch *hōren, from Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti.

Verb

horen

1. (transitive) to hear

   Ik hoor een vogel zingen buiten. ― I hear a bird singing outside.

   Heb je dat geluid gehoord? ― Did you hear that sound?

2. (intransitive) to belong

   Zij horen bij ons. ― They belong with us.

   Dit boek hoort in die kast. ― This book belongs in that shelf.

   De sleutels horen in het laatje. ― The keys belong in the drawer.

3. (auxiliary, with te) to be supposed to, to be meant to

   Je hoort je kamer op te ruimen. ― You are supposed to clean up your room.

   Je hoort dat zo te doen. ― You are supposed to do it that way.

   We horen te vertrekken voor zonsopgang. ― We are meant to leave before sunrise.

4. (intransitive) to be appropriate, polite or agreeing with social norms (lit. to be heard of)

   Dat hoort niet zo, je moet je excuses aanbieden. ― That's not appropriate, you should apologize.

   In sommige culturen hoort het om schoenen uit te doen bij binnenkomst. ― In some cultures, it's the norm to take off shoes when entering.

Usage notes

• The sense "to be appropriate" has a humorous by-form heuren, particularly encountered in phrases such as zo heurt het ("that is how it should be") or its negation. This form specifically parodies a bekakt (posh) accent, playing into a stereotype of posh people being obsessed with certain social norms.

Conjugation

Conjugation of horen (weak)
infinitive	horen
past singular	hoorde
past participle	gehoord
infinitive	horen
gerund	horen n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	hoor	hoorde
2nd person sing. (jij)	hoort, hoor2	hoorde
2nd person sing. (u)	hoort	hoorde
2nd person sing. (gij)	hoort	hoorde
3rd person singular	hoort	hoorde
plural	horen	hoorden
subjunctive sing.1	hore	hoorde
subjunctive plur.1	horen	hoorden
imperative sing.	hoor
imperative plur.1	hoort
participles	horend	gehoord
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

adjectives

• hoorbaar
• ongehoord

nouns

• gehoor
• hoor en wederhoor
• hoorspel
• hoortoestel

verbs

• aanhoren
• afhoren
• behoren
• bijeenhoren
• bijhoren
• gehoren
• meehoren
• mishoren
• nahoren
• omhoren
• onderhoren
• onthoren
• ophoren
• overhoren
• rondhoren
• samenhoren
• terughoren
• thuishoren
• toehoren
• uithoren
• verhoren
• volhoren
• voorhoren
• voorthoren
• wederhoren

Descendants

• Afrikaans: hoor
• Berbice Creole Dutch: horo
• Jersey Dutch: hôre
• Negerhollands: hoor
  • → Virgin Islands Creole: hoor (dated)
• Skepi Creole Dutch: hoar

Etymology 2

Noun

horen m (plural horens, diminutive horentje n)

1. alternative spelling of hoorn

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *hōren, from Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti.

Verb

hôren

1. to hear (perceive audibly)
2. to hear, to learn of (audibly or otherwise)
3. to listen
4. to listen to, to obey
5. to belong to
6. to be subservient to
7. to be part of
8. to be necessary for

Inflection

Conjugation of hôren (weak)

infinitive	base form	hôren
	genitive	hôrens
	dative	hôrene
		indicative			subjunctive
		present	past		present	past
1st person singular		hôre	—		hôre	—
2nd person singular		hôors, hôres	—		hôors, hôres	—
3rd person singular		hôort, hôret	—		hôre	—
1st person plural		hôren	—		hôren	—
2nd person plural		hôort, hôret	—		hôort, hôret	—
3rd person plural		hôren	—		hôren	—
		imperative
singular		hôor, hôre
plural		hôort, hôret
		present	past
participle		hôrende	—

Descendants

• Dutch: horen
  • Afrikaans: hoor
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: horo
  • Jersey Dutch: hôre
  • Negerhollands: hoor
    • → Virgin Islands Creole: hoor (dated)
  • Skepi Creole Dutch: hoar
• Limburgish: huuere, heure

Further reading

• “horen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “horen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English hārian; equivalent to hor (“hoar”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Alternative forms

• hore, hoore, horyn

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɔ̝ːrən/

Verb

horen

1. To develop grey, white, or hoary hair.
2. (rare) To become old or elderly.

Conjugation

Conjugation of horen (weak in -ed)

infinitive	(to) horen, hore
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	hore	hored
2nd-person singular	horest	horedest
3rd-person singular	horeth	hored
subjunctive singular	hore
imperative singular		—
plural1	horen, hore	horeden, horede
imperative plural	horeth, hore	—
participles	horynge, horende	hored, yhored

¹ Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: hoar (obsolete)

References

• “hōren, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 25 March 2019.

Etymology 2

From Old English hōran, from Proto-Germanic *hōrōniz; equivalent to hore (“whore”) +‎ -en (plural suffix).

Noun

horen

1. plural of hore (“whore”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• hora

Noun

horen m or f

1. definite masculine singular of hore

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną.

Verb

hōren

1. to hear
2. to obey

Inflection

Conjugation of hōren (weak class 1)

infinitive	hōren
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	hōro, hōron	hōrda
2nd person singular	hōris	hōrdos
3rd person singular	hōrit	hōrda
1st person plural	hōrun	hōrdon
2nd person plural	hōrit	hōrdot
3rd person plural	hōrunt	hōrdon
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	hōre	hōrdi
2nd person singular	hōris	hōrdis
3rd person singular	hōre	hōrdi
1st person plural	hōrin	hōrdin
2nd person plural	hōrit	hōrdit
3rd person plural	hōrin	hōrdin
imperative	present
singular	hōri
plural	hōrit
participle	present	past
	hōrendi	hōrt, gihōrt

Derived terms

• gihōren

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: hôren
  • Dutch: horen
    • Afrikaans: hoor
    • Berbice Creole Dutch: horo
    • Jersey Dutch: hôre
    • Negerhollands: hoor
      • → Virgin Islands Creole: hoor (dated)
    • Skepi Creole Dutch: hoar
  • Limburgish: huuere, heure

References

• “horen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, whence also Old English hīeran, Old Norse heyra.

Verb

hōren

1. to hear
2. to obey

Conjugation

Conjugation of hōren (weak class 1)

infinitive	hōren
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	hōru	hōrita
2nd person singular	hōris, hōrist	hōritōs, hōrtōst
3rd person singular	hōrit	hōrita
1st person plural	hōrem, hōremēs	hōritum, hōritumēs
2nd person plural	hōret	hōritut
3rd person plural	hōrent	hōritun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	hōre	hōriti
2nd person singular	hōrēs, hōrēst	hōritīs, hōritīst
3rd person singular	hōre	hōriti
1st person plural	hōrēm, hōrēn, hōremēs	hōritīm, hōritīn, hōritīmēs
2nd person plural	hōrēt	hōritīt
3rd person plural	hōrēn	hōritīn
imperative	present
singular	hōri
plural	hōret
participle	present	past
	hōrenti	gihōrit

Descendants

• Middle High German: hœren
  • Bavarian: hearn
  • Cimbrian: hòrran, höarn (Luserna)
  • Central Franconian: hüre, hiere (Moselle Franconian)

    Hunsrik: heere

    Luxembourgish: héieren

  • German: hören
  • Vilamovian: hüchia
  • Yiddish: הערן (hern)

Welsh

Etymology 1

hôr +‎ -en.

Alternative forms

• horyn (masculine gender)

Noun

horen f

1. singulative of hôr (“lice”)

Etymology 2

Noun

horen

1. h-prothesized form of oren

Mutation

Mutated forms of oren

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
oren	unchanged	unchanged	horen

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.