pagan
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English pagan (adjective and noun), from Latin pāgānus (“rural, rustic", later "civilian”), replaced Middle English payen from the same root. The meaning "not Christian" arose in Vulgar Latin, probably from the 4th century.[1] It is unclear whether this usage is derived primarily from the "rustic" or from the "civilian" meaning, which in Roman army jargon meant 'clumsy'. As a self-designation of neopagans, attested since 1990.
Partly displaced native heathen, from Old English hǣþen.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]pagan (not comparable)
- Relating to, characteristic of religions that differ from main world religions.
- Under Christianization, many converted societies transformed their pagan deities into saints.
- (by extension, derogatory) Savage, immoral, uncivilized, wild.
Usage notes
[edit]- When referring to modern paganism, the term is now often capitalized, like other terms referring to religions.
Synonyms
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “religion”):
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Noun
[edit]pagan (plural pagans)
- A person not adhering to a main world religion; a follower of a pantheistic or nature-worshipping religion.
- This community has a surprising number of pagans.
- (by extension, derogatory) An uncivilized or unsocialized person.
- (by extension, derogatory) An unruly, badly educated child.
- An outlaw biker who is a member of the Pagans MC.
Synonyms
[edit]- (heathen): paynim
- (uncivilised): philistine, savage
- (child): brat
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Asturian
[edit]Verb
[edit]pagan
Cebuano
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Hyphenation: pa‧gan
Verb
[edit]pagan
- to embroil; to draw into a situation; to cause to be involved
- to implicate; to connect or involve in an unfavorable or criminal way with something
- to fall victim to a friendly fire
- (military) to fall victim as collateral damage
- to be hit by a stray bullet
- to get caught in a crossfire
- (games, of marbles) to hit the adjacent marble with the target marble
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:pagan.
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Latin paganus, through either Old East Slavic поганъ (poganŭ) or directly from Latin, through the German crusaders. Cognate to Finnish pakana.
Noun
[edit]pagan (genitive pagana, partitive paganat)
Declension
[edit]Declension of pagan (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | pagan | paganad | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | pagana | ||
genitive | paganate | ||
partitive | paganat | paganaid | |
illative | paganasse | paganatesse paganaisse | |
inessive | paganas | paganates paganais | |
elative | paganast | paganatest paganaist | |
allative | paganale | paganatele paganaile | |
adessive | paganal | paganatel paganail | |
ablative | paganalt | paganatelt paganailt | |
translative | paganaks | paganateks paganaiks | |
terminative | paganani | paganateni | |
essive | paganana | paganatena | |
abessive | paganata | paganateta | |
comitative | paganaga | paganatega |
Derived terms
[edit]Interjection
[edit]pagan
Galician
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pagan
Livvi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Church Slavonic поганъ (poganŭ). Related to Finnish pakana (“pagan”) and Ingrian pakana.
Noun
[edit]pagan (genitive paganan, partitive [please provide])
Adjective
[edit]pagan (genitive paganan, partitive [please provide])
References
[edit]- Pertti Virtaranta, Raija Koponen (2009) “pakana”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja[1], Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN
Old High German
[edit]Verb
[edit]pāgan
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pagan
Volapük
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]pagan (nominative plural pagans)
Declension
[edit]Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈpaɡan/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈpaːɡan/
- Rhymes: -aːɡan
Noun
[edit]pagan m
Derived terms
[edit]- paganiaeth (“paganism”)
Mutation
[edit]radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
pagan | bagan | mhagan | phagan |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “pagan”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂ǵ-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/eɪɡən
- Rhymes:English/eɪɡən/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English uncomparable adjectives
- English terms with usage examples
- English derogatory terms
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Paganism
- en:People
- Asturian non-lemma forms
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- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano verbs
- ceb:Military
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- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian õpik-type nominals
- Estonian interjections
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician non-lemma forms
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- Livvi terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic
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- Livvi lemmas
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- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German verbs
- Bavarian Old High German
- Spanish 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Spanish/aɡan
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- Spanish terms with audio pronunciation
- Spanish non-lemma forms
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- Volapük terms suffixed with -an
- Volapük lemmas
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- Welsh terms borrowed from Latin
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- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/aːɡan
- Rhymes:Welsh/aːɡan/2 syllables
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh nouns
- Welsh countable nouns
- Welsh masculine nouns
- cy:Paganism