topo

See also: topó, tôpo, töpö, and topo-

English

Etymology 1

Clipping of topographic map

Noun

topo (plural topos)

1. A topographic map.
2. (climbing) A map or sketch of a climbing route or area.

Translations

climbing map

• Spanish: croquis (es) m

Etymology 2

Clipping of topographic; compare bathy.

Adjective

topo (not comparable)

1. Topographic.

Anagrams

• poot, opto-, OPTO, Toop

Äiwoo

Verb

topo

1. to puncture

References

• Ross, M. & Næss, Å. (2007) “An Oceanic origin for Äiwoo, the language of the Reef Islands?”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 46, number 2. Cited in: "Äiwoo" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

'Are'are

Verb

topo

1. be silent
2. to stop

References

• Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Basque

Noun

topo anim

1. crash

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈto.pu]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈto.po]

Verb

topo

1. first-person singular present indicative of topar

French

Etymology

Clipping of topographie.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔ.po/, /to.po/

Noun

topo m (plural topos)

1. sketch

   Synonyms: croquis, dessin, plan

2. (informal) rundown, short report, rough outline

   Synonyms: résumé de la situation, état des lieux

   faire un topo sur la situation ― to give a rundown of the situation

Further reading

• “topo”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Verb

topo

1. first-person singular present indicative of topar

Italian

Etymology

From Latin talpa (“mole”) with a change in gender. The original [ɫ] appears to have vocalized to [u̯] in pre-literary Tuscan, with the resulting [au̯] regularly yielding [ɔ], as in Latin aurum (“gold”) > Italian òro. Doublet of talpa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.po/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔpo
• Hyphenation: tò‧po

Noun

topo m (plural topi, feminine topa, diminutive topìno or topolìno; (less common) topétto or topettìno, augmentative topóne or topolóne, pejorative topàccio)

1. mouse, rat

   Synonym: sorcio

2. (by extension) thief; person acting suspiciously or furtively
3. (computing, rare) computer mouse

Usage notes

• Certain authorities including Umberto Eco, semiotician and author, insist that topo does not differentiate between “mouse” and “rat”:

  Aiuto, un topo! ― Help, a mouse/rat!

• Here topo is ambiguous — it refers to the impression somebody has when a mouse or rat comes along, that is when somebody panics because of seeing the animal.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• topaia
• topastro
• topesco
• topo d'albergo
• topo d'appartamento
• topo d'auto
• topo di treno
• toporagno

See also

• ratto m

Anagrams

• opto, opto-, optò, poto, potò

Jarawa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /topo/

Noun

topo

1. snake

   Hyponym: čəlaːŋ (“cobra”)

Proper noun

topo

1. an unknown-gender given name

References

• Kumar, Pramod (2012) Descriptive and Typological Study of Jarawa^[1] (PhD). Jawaharlal Nehru University. Page 43, 91, 133, 161, 313.

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Germanic *tuppaz

Proto-West Germanic *toppder.

Old French topbor.

Portuguese topo

Borrowed from Old French top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.

Alternative forms

• tôpo (pre-reform)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈto.pu/

• Rhymes: -opu
• Hyphenation: to‧po

Noun

topo m (plural topos)

1. top (uppermost part)

   Synonyms: ápice, auge, cimo, cume, pináculo, pínculo, sumidade, tope

   Antonym: fundo

2. apex (moment of greatest success, expansion, etc.)

   Synonyms: ápice, apogeu, auge

   Antonym: fundo do poço

Derived terms

• topo de linha

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.pu/

• Rhymes: -ɔpu
• Hyphenation: to‧po

Verb

topo

1. first-person singular present indicative of topar

Spanish

Un topo (a mole).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtopo/ [ˈt̪o.po]
• Rhymes: -opo
• Syllabification: to‧po

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin talpa. Cognate with English taupe.

Noun

topo m (plural topos)

1. mole (the animal)
2. mole (spy)

Derived terms

• grillo topo
• rata topo
• topo ciego
• topo dorado

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

topo

1. first-person singular present indicative of topar

Further reading

• “topo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Tarantino

Noun

topo

1. mouse

Ternate

Etymology

From Proto-North Halmahera *topok (“to pierce”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈto.po]

Verb

topo

1. (transitive) to stick into, to stab, pierce

Conjugation

Conjugation of topo
	Singular	Plural
	Inclusive	Exclusive
1st	totopo	fotopo	mitopo
2nd	notopo	nitopo
3rd	Masculine	otopo	itopo, yotopo†
Feminine	motopo
Neuter	itopo
† - archaic

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Uneapa

Etymology

From Proto-Western Oceanic *topo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /topo/

Noun

topo

1. blood

Further reading

• Johnston, R.L. 1982. "Proto-Kimbe and the New Guinea Oceanic hypothesis". In Halim, A., Carrington, L. and Wurm, S.A. editors. Papers from the Third International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Vol. 1: Currents in Oceanic, 59-95.

West Makian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt̪o.po/

Verb

topo

1. (stative) to be new

Conjugation

Conjugation of topo (stative verb)
		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		titopo	mitopo	atopo
2nd person		nitopo	fitopo
3rd person	inanimate	itopo	ditopo
	animate	matopo
imperative		—, topo	—, topo

References

• James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎^[2], Pacific linguistics