topar
Catalan[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /toˈpa/
- (Central) IPA(key): /tuˈpa/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /toˈpaɾ/
- Homophones: topà, tupà, tupar
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb[edit]
topar (first-person singular present topo, past participle topat)
- (transitive, intransitive) to crash
- to run into, to come across
- 2019 August 11, Gemma Sardà, “El meu veí el músic”, in La Vanguardia[1]:
- A la ciutat podem passar anys i panys sense intercanviar ni mitja paraula amb qui topem dia per altre.
- In the city we can go ages without exchanging even half a word with those we run into every other day.
Conjugation[edit]
infinitive | topar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | topant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | topat | topada | |||||
plural | topats | topades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | topo | topes | topa | topem | topeu | topen | |
imperfect | topava | topaves | topava | topàvem | topàveu | topaven | |
future | toparé | toparàs | toparà | toparem | topareu | toparan | |
preterite | topí | topares | topà | topàrem | topàreu | toparen | |
conditional | toparia | toparies | toparia | toparíem | toparíeu | toparien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | topi | topis | topi | topem | topeu | topin | |
imperfect | topés | topessis | topés | topéssim | topéssiu | topessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
— | topa | topi | topem | topeu | topin |
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “topar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “topar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “topar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “topar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Anagrams[edit]
Galician[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
topar (first-person singular present topo, first-person singular preterite topei, past participle topado)
- Alternative form of atopar
Conjugation[edit]
Ladino[edit]
Verb[edit]
topar (Latin spelling)
- to find
- (reflexive) to be found, to be located
- 2019, Şeli GAON, “Viyaje A Andalusia - 2”, in Şalom[2]:
- La maale de los djudyos se topa en el sentro de la sivdad vyeja, toda la kaleja golyendo al miskle de flores, las plasas kon las pisinas, los arvoles de portokales kon los kortijos finos avyertos para ke los turistos vijiten.
- The Jewish district is located in the center of the old city, the whole street smelling of a mixture of flowers, the plazas with the swimming pools, the orange trees with the fine open patios for the tourists to visit.
- Synonym: (Monastir) iscuntrar
Old Irish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *to-od-bur, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to brew, boil”).[1] However, compare inbhir (“mouth of a river”). Synonymous with tipra.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
topar m
Inflection[edit]
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | topar | toparL | topairL |
Vocative | topair | toparL | topruH |
Accusative | toparN | toparL | topruH |
Genitive | topairL | topar | toparN |
Dative | toparL | topraib | topraib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Mutation[edit]
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
topar | thopar | topar pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References[edit]
- ^ MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “tobar”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN
Portuguese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Onomatopoeic. Compare Spanish topar.
Pronunciation[edit]
- Hyphenation: to‧par
Verb[edit]
topar (first-person singular present topo, first-person singular preterite topei, past participle topado)
- (transitive) to come across, encounter
- (transitive, colloquial, Portugal) to understand
- Synonym: perceber
- (transitive, colloquial, Brazil) to accept (an invitation, a challenge etc.)
- Synonym: aceitar
Conjugation[edit]
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | topar | |||||
Personal | topar | topares | topar | toparmos | topardes | toparem |
Gerund | ||||||
topando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | topado | topados | ||||
Feminine | topada | topadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | topo | topas | topa | topamos | topais | topam |
Imperfect | topava | topavas | topava | topávamos | topáveis | topavam |
Preterite | topei | topaste | topou | topamos1, topámos2 | topastes | toparam |
Pluperfect | topara | toparas | topara | topáramos | topáreis | toparam |
Future | toparei | toparás | topará | toparemos | topareis | toparão |
Conditional | ||||||
toparia | toparias | toparia | toparíamos | toparíeis | topariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | tope | topes | tope | topemos | topeis | topem |
Imperfect | topasse | topasses | topasse | topássemos | topásseis | topassem |
Future | topar | topares | topar | toparmos | topardes | toparem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | topa | tope | topemos | topai | topem | |
Negative (não) | não topes | não tope | não topemos | não topeis | não topem |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Anagrams[edit]
Spanish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Onomatopoeic, imitative of the sound made by two objects knocking into one another.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
topar (first-person singular present topo, first-person singular preterite topé, past participle topado)
- (transitive) to come across, encounter
- (transitive) to knock against, hit, strike, touch
- (transitive, colloquial, Mexico, El Salvador) to finish (a videogame)
- ¿Ya topaste el nuevo juego que compraste?
- Did you already finish the new game you bought?
Conjugation[edit]
infinitive | topar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | topando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | topado | topada | |||||
plural | topados | topadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | topo | topastú topásvos |
topa | topamos | topáis | topan | |
imperfect | topaba | topabas | topaba | topábamos | topabais | topaban | |
preterite | topé | topaste | topó | topamos | topasteis | toparon | |
future | toparé | toparás | topará | toparemos | toparéis | toparán | |
conditional | toparía | toparías | toparía | toparíamos | toparíais | toparían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | tope | topestú topésvos2 |
tope | topemos | topéis | topen | |
imperfect (ra) |
topara | toparas | topara | topáramos | toparais | toparan | |
imperfect (se) |
topase | topases | topase | topásemos | topaseis | topasen | |
future1 | topare | topares | topare | topáremos | topareis | toparen | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | topatú topávos |
tope | topemos | topad | topen | ||
negative | no topes | no tope | no topemos | no topéis | no topen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “topar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Venetian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb[edit]
topar
- (transitive) to fall
Conjugation[edit]
- Venetian conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | topar | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
auxiliary verb | èser | gerund | topando | |||
past participle | topà | |||||
person | singular | plural | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
indicative | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | topo | (te) topi | (el/ła) topa | topémo, topòn | topé | (i/łe) topa |
imperfect | topava | (te) topavi | (el/ła) topava | topàvimo | topavi | (i/łe) topava |
future | toparò | (te) toparè | (el/ła) toparà | toparémo | toparè | (i/łe) toparà |
conditional | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | toparìa | (te) toparisi | (el/ła) toparìa | toparìsimo | toparisi | (i/łe) toparìa |
subjunctive | che mi | che ti | che eło / eła | che noialtri / noialtre | che voialtri / voialtre | che łuri / łore |
present | tope, topa | (te) topi | (el/ła) tope, (el/ła) topa | topémo, topone | topé | (i/łe) tope, (i/łe) topa |
imperfect | topase | (te) topasi | (el/ła) topase | topàsimo | topasi | (i/łe) topase |
imperative | — | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
— | (te) topa | (el/ła) topa, (el/ła) tope | topémo | topé | (i/łe) topa, (i/łe) tope |
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