صاحب

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See also: صاحت

Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Active participle of صَحِبَ(ṣaḥiba, to accompany), from the root ص ح ب(ṣ-ḥ-b).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

صَاحِب (ṣāḥibm (plural أَصْحَاب(ʔaṣḥāb) or صُحْبَان(ṣuḥbān) or صِحَاب(ṣiḥāb) or صَحْب(ṣaḥb), feminine صَاحِبَة(ṣāḥiba))

  1. associate, companion, comrade, friend
  2. adherent, follower
  3. (with a following genitive) man, owner, possessor, holder, master, lord, commander, representative, author
    Synonym: ذُو(ḏū)
    Hyponym: مَالِك(mālik)
  4. inhabitant, dweller
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 9:70:
      أَلَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ نَبَأُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ وَقَوْمِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَأَصْحَابِ مَدْيَنَ وَالْمُؤْتَفِكَاتِ ۚ أَتَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ ۖ فَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  5. warden
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 74:31:
      وَمَا جَعَلْنَا أَصْحَابَ النَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَائِكَةً []
      wamā jaʕalnā ʔaṣḥāba an-nāri ʔillā malāʔikatan []
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

See also[edit]

Verb[edit]

صَاحَبَ (ṣāḥaba) III, non-past يُصَاحِبُ‎‎ (yuṣāḥibu)

  1. To accompany, to go with

Conjugation[edit]

References[edit]

  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “صحب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Hijazi Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic صَاحِب(ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

صاحِب (ṣāḥibm (feminine singular صاحبة‎ (ṣāḥba), plural أصحاب‎ (ʼaṣḥāb), feminine plural صاحبات‎ (ṣāḥbāt))

  1. friend, companion
    أنا مَع صَاحْبي
    ana maʿ ṣāḥbi
    I'm with my friend
  2. (with a following genitive) owner, possessor, representative

Moroccan Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic صَاحِب(ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /sˤaːħɪb/
  • (file)

Noun[edit]

صاحب (ṣāḥebm (plural صحاب(ṣḥāb), feminine صاحبة(ṣāḥba), diminutive صحيب(ṣḥiyyab))

  1. friend
    Synonym: عشير(ʕšīr)

Ottoman Turkish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic صَاحِب(ṣāḥib).

Noun[edit]

صاحب (sahib)

  1. owner

Descendants[edit]

Persian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic صَاحِب(ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation[edit]

 

  • Phonetic Persian:
Traditional: [ساهِڤ] ,[ساهَڤ]‎, Dari: [ساهِب] ,[ساهَب]
Iranian: [ساهِب] ,[ساهَب]
Readings
Classical reading? sāhiḇ, sāhaḇ
Dari reading? sāhib, sāhab
Iranian reading? sâheb, sâhab
Tajik reading? sohib, sohab

Noun[edit]

Dari صاحب
Iranian Persian
Tajik соҳиб

صاحِب (sâheb) (plural صاحبان(sâhebân) or صاحب‌ها(sâheb-hâ))

  1. owner; master
    Synonym: مالک(mâlek)
    صاحب ماشین‎ ― sâheb-e mâšinowner of the car
  2. author
    Synonym: نویسنده(nevisande)
  3. (Dari, India, very formal, otherwise dated) sir; mister; gentleman
    Synonyms: آقا(âqâ), جناب(janâb) (in Afghanistan)
  4. Used, either with or without the ezâfe, to form compound nouns meaning "those who possess [trait]" or "those who are distinguished by [trait]".
    صاحب (sâheb) + ‎دل(del, heart) → ‎صاحبدل(sâhebdel, pure-hearted person; empathetic person)
    صاحب (sâheb) + ‎سخن(soxan, speech) → ‎صاحب سخن(sâheb soxan, speaker)

Descendants[edit]

Punjabi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic صَاحِب(ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

صاحب (sāhabm (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਬ)

  1. master
  2. owner
  3. lord
    Synonym: مالک(mālak)

Proper noun[edit]

صاحب (sāhabm (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਬ)

  1. (Sikhism) God
    • Guru Granth Sahib, Guru Nanak, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, ang 469:
      توں سچا صاحب صفت سوالیؤ جن کیتی سو پار پئیا
      tū̃ sachā sāhib sift suāliu jin kītī so pār peā
      You are the True Lord and Master; Your Praise is so beautiful. One who sings it, is carried across.
    Synonyms: ربّ(rab), واہےگُرو(wāhegurū)

South Levantine Arabic[edit]

Root
ص ح ب
1 term

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic صَاحَبَ(ṣāḥaba).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /sˤaː.ħab/, [ˈsˤɑː.ħɑb]
  • (file)

Verb[edit]

صاحب (ṣāḥab) (form III, present بصاحب(biṣāḥeb))

  1. to befriend
    ما بحبّ تصاحب أولاد يستخدمو ألفاظ سيئة.‎‎
    mā baḥebb tṣāḥeb ʔawlād yistaḵdimu ʔalfāẓ sayʔa
    I don't like that you befriend kids who use cusswords.
  2. (by extension) to become someone's boyfriend or girlfriend
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of صاحب (ṣāḥab)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m صاحبت (ṣāḥabt) صاحبت (ṣāḥabt) صاحب (ṣāḥab) صاحبنا (ṣāḥabna) صاحبتو (ṣāḥabtu) صاحبو (ṣāḥabu)
f صاحبتي (ṣāḥabti) صاحبت (ṣāḥabat)
present m بصاحب (baṣāḥeb) بتصاحب (bitṣāḥeb) بصاحب (biṣāḥeb) منصاحب (minṣāḥeb) بتصاحبو (bitṣāḥbu) بصاحبو (biṣāḥbu)
f بتصاحبي (bitṣāḥbi) بتصاحب (bitṣāḥeb)
subjunctive m اصاحب (aṣāḥeb) تصاحب (tṣāḥeb) يصاحب (yṣāḥeb) نصاحب (nṣāḥeb) تصاحبو (tṣāḥbu) يصاحبو (yṣāḥbu)
f تصاحبي (tṣāḥbi) تصاحب (tṣāḥeb)
imperative m صاحب (ṣāḥeb) صاحبو (ṣāḥbu)
f صاحبي (ṣāḥbi)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic صَاحِب(ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /sˤaː.ħeb/, [ˈsˤɑː.ħɪb]
  • (file)

Noun[edit]

صاحب (ṣāḥebm (plural أصحاب(ʔaṣḥāb) or صحاب(ṣḥāb), feminine صاحبة(ṣāḥbe))

  1. friend, companion
    Synonym: صديق(ṣadīq)
  2. (by extension) boyfriend
  3. owner, possessor
    صاحب البيت‎‎ ― ṣāḥeb il-bētthe landlord (literally, “the owner of the house”)
    (file)

Urdu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Classical Persian صاحب(ṣāḥib), from Arabic صَاحِب(ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

صاحِب (sāhibm (feminine صاحبہ‎, Hindi spelling साहिब)

  1. sir
  2. mister
  3. lord

Further reading[edit]

  • صاحب”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • صاحب”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “صاحب”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.