くち
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Alternative spelling |
---|
口 |
From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kutui.[1] Appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE[2] and the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 CE.[3] Possibly cognate with Goguryeo *古次 (*kuci, “mouth”).[1][4][5]
Standalone form of 口 (kutsu, bound form). Compare 神 (kami, kamu-, “spirit, god”), 木 (ki, ko-, “tree”), and 目 (me, ma-, “eye”).
There are interesting potential phonetic and semantic overlaps with Middle Chinese 窟 (MC khwot, “hole; cave”), 口 (MC khuwX, “mouth; opening; hole”); Korean 굳 (gut), 굿 (gut, “hole; hollow; cavity”); possibly even Ainu クㇳ (kut), クッチ (kutchi, “throat”). One possibility is that these represent prehistoric nativized borrowings from Chinese. However, there is yet no clear evidence of relatedness.
Alternative forms
[edit]- (non-productive, bound form)
- (prefixal) くつ (kutsu)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- 口: mouth
- 口: opening
- 口: This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.- 書き口
- kakikuchi
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- 書き口
- 口: This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
. - 口: taste (in food), preference
Derived terms
[edit]- 口荒 (kuchiara)
- 口占 (kuchiura), 口裏 (kuchiura)
- 口絵 (kuchie)
- 口可笑 (kuchiokashi)
- 口重 (kuchiomo)
- 口金 (kuchigane)
- 口軽 (kuchigaru)
- 口綺麗 (kuchigirei), 口奇麗 (kuchigirei)
- 口癖 (kuchiguse)
- 口々 (kuchikuchi), 口口 (kuchikuchi)
- 口々 (kuchiguchi), 口口 (kuchiguchi)
- 口車 (kuchiguruma)
- 口巧者 (kuchigōsha)
- 口言葉 (kuchikotoba), 口詞 (kuchikotoba)
- 口先 (kuchisaki)
- 口三味線 (kuchizamisen)
- 口三味線 (kuchijamisen)
- 口銭 (kuchisen)
- 口達者 (kuchidassha)
- 口茶 (kuchija)
- 口八丁 (kuchihatchō)
- 口速 (kuchibaya), 口早 (kuchibaya)
- 口火 (kuchibi)
- 口拍子 (kuchibyōshi)
- 口笛 (kuchibue)
- 口不調法 (kuchibuchōhō)
- 口下手 (kuchibeta)
- 口紅 (kuchibeni)
- 口返答 (kuchihentō)
- 口前 (kuchimae)
- 口真似 (kuchimane)
- 口忠実 (kuchimame)
- 口元 (kuchimoto), 口許 (kuchimoto)
- 口輪 (kuchiwa)
- 口脇 (kuchiwaki)
- 口話法 (kuchiwahō)
- 糸口 (itoguchi): the end of a spool or ball of thread
- 入口 (iriguchi): entrance
- 奥口 (okuguchi): the inner doors of a house
- 表口 (omoteguchi): the front entrance/exit
- 傷口 (kizuguchi): an open wound
- 蛇口 (jaguchi)
- 出口 (deguchi): exit
Etymology 2
[edit]Alternative spelling |
---|
鷹 |
From Old Japanese, from Baekje 倶知 (*kuti, “hawk”), as mentioned in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[9][10]
The last cited usage was the Sanbokukikashū of circa 1128.[11]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of 朽ちる (kuchiru, “to rot”).[12]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Affix
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of くち – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, くち (kuchi), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as くち, see Category:Japanese kanji read as くち.) |
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vovin, Alexander (2017) “Origins of the Japanese Language”, in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics,
- ^ “口”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ , text here
- ^ Itabashi, Yoshizo (2003) “高句麗の地名から高句麗語と朝鮮語・日本語との史 的関係をさぐる [A Study of the Historical Relationship of the Koguryo Language, the Old Japanese Language, and the Middle Korean Language on the Basis of Fragmentary Glosses Preserved as Place Names in the Samguk Sagi]”, in 日本語系統論の現 [Perspectives on the Origins of the Japanese Language] (in Japanese), , pages 131-185
- ^ Beckwith, Christopher (2007) Koguryo: The Language of Japan’s Continental Relatives (Brill's Japanese Studies Library)[2], →ISBN, page 128, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Vovin, Alexander (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics[3], volume 15, number 2 (PDF), John Benjamins Publishing Company, , pages 222-240
- ^ John Bentley (2000) “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research[4], volume 36, number 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
- ^ “くち 【鷹】
”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][5] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
- ^ “朽・腐”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][6] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
Okinawan
[edit]Noun
[edit]くち (kuchi)
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese hiragana
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms derived from Baekje
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese verbs
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
- Okinawan hiragana