吐

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

吐 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 口土 (RG), four-corner 6401₀, composition ⿰口土)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 176, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3300
• Dae Jaweon: page 393, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 576, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5410

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		吐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (土) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
社	*ɦljaːʔ
肚	*ʔl'aːʔ, *l'aːʔ
土	*l̥ʰaːʔ, *l'aːʔ
吐	*l̥ʰaːʔ, *l̥ʰaːs
芏	*l̥ʰaːʔ
杜	*l'aːʔ
靯	*l'aːʔ
荰	*l'aːʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːʔ, *l̥ʰaːs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 土 (OC *l̥ʰaːʔ, *l'aːʔ).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twa (“to spit”).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 吐

1. to spit; to spew from the mouth
2. to say; to tell; to pour out
3. a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 吐 (“to spit”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		吐
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	吐
	Taiwan	吐
	Singapore	吐
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	吐
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	吐
	Xi'an	吐
	Xining	吐
	Xuzhou	吐
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	吐
	Wuhan	吐
	Guiyang	吐
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	吐
	Yangzhou	吐
	Hefei	吐
Cantonese	Guangzhou	吐, 𦧲
	Hong Kong	吐, 𦧲
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	𦧲
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	吐
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	吐
	Taishan	吐, 𦧲
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	吐
Gan	Nanchang	吐
	Lichuan	吐
	Pingxiang	吐
Hakka	Meixian	唾, 哯
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	吐
	Wengyuan	啡
	Liannan	吐
	Jiexi	啡
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	啡
	Changting	吐
	Wuping (Yanqian)	啡
	Ninghua	吐
	Ningdu	吐
	Tonggu (Sandu)	吐
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	吐
	Dayu	吐
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	哯
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	哯
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	哯
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	哯
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	哯
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	吐, 哯
	Hong Kong	吐
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	啡
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	吐
	Xinyi (Sihe)	啡
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	啡
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	啡
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	吐
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	啡
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	啡
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	唾
	Mengshan (Xihe)	吐
	Senai (Huiyang)	呸
Huizhou	Jixi	吐
Jin	Taiyuan	吐
Northern Min	Jian'ou	吐
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	啡
	Fuzhou (Changle)	啡
	Fuqing	啡
	Yongtai	啡
	Gutian	啡
	Fu'an	啡
	Ningde	啡
	Shouning	啡
	Zhouning	啡
	Fuding	啡
Southern Min	Xiamen	呸
	Quanzhou	呸
	Yongchun	呸
	Zhangzhou	呸
	Taipei (Wanhua)	呸
	Kaohsiung	呸
	Yilan	呸
	Changhua (Lukang)	呸
	Taichung	呸
	Taichung (Wuqi)	呸
	Tainan	呸
	Taitung	呸
	Hsinchu	呸
	Penghu (Magong)	呸
	Singapore (Hokkien)	呸
	Manila (Hokkien)	呸
	Chaozhou	呸
	Jieyang	呸
	Bangkok (Teochew)	吐
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	吐
	Leizhou	吐
	Haikou	呸
Wu	Suzhou	吐
	Danyang	吐
	Wenzhou	吐
Xiang	Changsha	吐
	Shuangfeng	吐

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tù (tu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thò͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tou³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tù
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tù
    • Wade–Giles: tʻu⁴
    • Yale: tù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuh
    • Palladius: ту (tu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tou³
    • Yale: tou
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou³
    • Guangdong Romanization: tou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò͘
    • Tâi-lô: thòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tox
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tou³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thòu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: thuH

Rime
Character	吐
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	湯故切
Baxter	thuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰuoH/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰuoH/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰoH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɔH/
Li Rong	/tʰoH/
Wang Li	/tʰuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰˤaʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	吐
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tù
Middle Chinese	‹ thuH ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰˁaʔ-s/
English	vomit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	吐
Reading #	2/2
No.	12502
Phonetic component	土
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	菟
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰaːs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 吐

1. to vomit; to throw up

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 嘔吐 (“to vomit”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		嘔吐
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	吐
	Taiwan	吐
	Chengde	吐
	Chifeng	吐
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	吐
	Heihe	吐
	Qiqihar	吐
	Harbin	吐, 噦
	Jiamusi	吐
	Baicheng	吐
	Changchun	吐
	Tonghua	吐
	Shenyang	吐, 噦
	Jinzhou	吐, 噦
	Singapore	吐
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	吐
	Tangshan	吐
	Cangzhou	吐
	Baoding	吐, 噦
	Shijiazhuang	吐
	Lijin	吐
	Jinan	吐, 噦
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	吐
	Dandong	吐, 噦, 嘔
	Yantai	嘔
	Yantai (Muping)	嘔
	Qingdao	吐, 嘔
	Zhucheng	嘔
Central Plains Mandarin	Lingbao	吐, 噦
	Jining	噦
	Wanrong	吐
	Linfen	吐
	Shangqiu	吐, 噦
	Yuanyang	吐, 噦
	Zhengzhou	噦
	Xinyang	吐
	Baihe	吐
	Xi'an	吐
	Baoji	吐
	Tianshui	嘔
	Xining	吐
	Xuzhou	吐, 噦
	Fuyang	吐, 噦
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	噁
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	吐
	Lanzhou	吐
	Dunhuang	吐
	Hami	吐
	Ürümqi	吐, 噦
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	吐, 發吐, 嘔吐
	Nanchong	吐
	Dazhou	吐
	Hanyuan	吐
	Xichang	吐, 嘔吐
	Zigong	吐
	Chongqing	噦, 吐
	Wuhan	吐, 嘔, 哇
	Yichang	吐
	Xiangyang	吐
	Tianmen	吐
	Guiyang	吐
	Zunyi	嘔
	Bijie	吐
	Liping	吐, 噦
	Zhaotong	吐
	Dali	吐
	Kunming	吐
	Mengzi	吐
	Guilin	吐
	Liuzhou	吐
	Jishou	嘔
	Changde	嘔
	Hanzhong	吐, 噦
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	吐, 噁
	Yangzhou	吐, 噁
	Lianyungang	吐
	Lianshui	噦
	Nantong	嘔
	Anqing	吐
	Wuhu	吐
	Hefei	噁
	Hong'an	吐, 噦
Cantonese	Guangzhou	嘔
	Hong Kong	嘔
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	嘔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	嘔
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	嘔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	嘔
	Macau	嘔
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	嘔
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	嘔
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	嘔
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	嘔
	Foshan	嘔
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	嘔
	Foshan (Shunde)	嘔
	Foshan (Sanshui)	嘔
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	嘔
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	嘔
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	嘔
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	嘔
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	嘔
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	嘔
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	嘔
	Taishan	嘔
	Kaiping (Chikan)	嘔
	Enping (Niujiang)	嘔
	Heshan (Yayao)	嘔
	Dongguan	嘔
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	嘔
	Yangjiang	嘔
	Nanning	嘔
	Wuzhou	嘔
	Yulin	發嘔
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	嘔
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	嘔
	Singapore (Guangfu)	嘔
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	嘔
Gan	Nanchang	嘔
	Lichuan	吐
	Pingxiang	嘔, 吐
Hakka	Meixian	嘔, 翻
	Xingning	翻, 噁
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	嘔
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	嘔
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	發嘔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	嘔
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	嘔
	Yudu	嘔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	噁, 翻, 翻肚
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	吐, 貶腹
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	吐
	Senai (Huiyang)	嘔
Huizhou	Jixi	吐
	Shexian	吐
Jin	Taiyuan	吐
	Yangyuan	吐
	Datong	吐
	Xinzhou	吐
	Lüliang (Lishi)	吐
	Changzhi	吐
	Linhe	吐
	Jining	吐
	Hohhot	吐
	Erenhot	吐
	Pingshan	噦
	Zhangjiakou	吐
	Handan	吐
	Linzhou	嘔吐
	Suide	吐
Northern Min	Jian'ou	吐, 哊
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	吐, 嘔, 哊, 嘔吐
	Fuqing	吐
Southern Min	Xiamen	吐, 噁
	Quanzhou	吐, 噁
	Zhangzhou	吐, 噁
	Dongshan	吐
	Tainan	吐, 掠兔仔, 出酒 due to drunkenness
	Singapore (Hokkien)	吐
	Manila (Hokkien)	吐
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	發吐
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	嘔
	Chaozhou	吐
	Shantou	吐, 嘔, 嘔噦
	Shantou (Chenghai)	吐, 嘔
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	吐
	Leizhou	吐
	Wenchang	吐
	Haikou	吐
	Singapore (Hainanese)	吐
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	噦, 嘔
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	吐
Wu	Shanghai	嘔
	Shanghai (Chongming)	嘔
	Suzhou	嘔
	Danyang	吐
	Hangzhou	冒
	Ningbo	冒
	Wenzhou	吐
	Jinhua	吐
Xiang	Changsha	嘔
	Shuangfeng	嘔
	Quanzhou	嘔

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tǔ (tu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dat⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tǔ
    • Wade–Giles: tʻu³
    • Yale: tǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuu
    • Palladius: ту (tu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: dat⁶
    • Yale: daht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ded⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐt̚²/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 吐

1. Only used in 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 吐 – see 捅 (“(Min Nan) over; to reveal; to peck”). (This character is a variant form of 捅).

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00503
• “吐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• (Min Nan) “Query for 吐”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

吐

(Jōyō kanji)

1. vomit, belch, spit (out)

Readings

• On (unclassified): と (to, Jōyō)
• Kun: はく (haku, 吐く, Jōyō); つく (tsuku, 吐く)

Compounds

Compounds

• 哯吐(つだみ) (tsudami): (of an infant, etc) spitting out milk after taking a drink

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Korean

Hanja

吐 (eum 토 (to))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Noun

吐 (토, to)

1. An affixal letter used in kwukyel.

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Vietnamese

Han character

吐: Hán Nôm readings: thổ, nhổ, giổ, giỗ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.