嚼

嚼 U+56BC, 嚼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56BC ← 嚻 [U+56BB] CJK Unified Ideographs 嚽 → [U+56BD]

Translingual

Han character

嚼 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+18, 21 strokes, cangjie input 口月田戈 (RBWI), four-corner 6204₆, composition ⿰口爵)

References

• KangXi: page 214, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4602
• Dae Jaweon: page 437, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 704, character 8
• Unihan data for U+56BC

Chinese

simp. and trad.		嚼
alternative forms		𪚅／𬺖 噍 (ziu6) Cantonese 𡁻 (ziu6) Cantonese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
釂	*ʔsewɢs
皭	*ʔsewɢs, *zewɢ
爝	*ʔsewɢs, *ʔsewɢ, *zewɢ
爵	*ʔsewɢ
嚼	*zewɢ
穱	*ʔsreːwɢ
灂	*zreːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zewɢ): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 爵 (OC *ʔsewɢ).

Etymology 1

Schuessler (2003) links this word with Proto-Mon-Khmer *caʔ (“to eat”). Also compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzaʔ (“to eat”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jiáo, jué, jiào (jiao², jue², jiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˊ, ㄐㄩㄝˊ, ㄐㄧㄠˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): jiao²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zoek³, zoek⁶, ziu⁶, zeu⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): diak², diau⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): qioh⁷
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chiok / chheu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): jiog⁵ / qiau⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): jiau¹
• Min Bei (KCR): ciŏ̤
• Min Dong (BUC): ciŏk
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chio̍h / chio̍k / chiok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ziag⁴

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Shanghainese): ⁸zhiaq
• Xiang (Wiktionary): zio⁶ / cio⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiáo
    • Wade–Giles: chiao²
    • Yale: jyáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyau
    • Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jué
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyué
    • Wade–Giles: chüeh²
    • Yale: jywé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyue
    • Palladius: цзюэ (czjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiào
    • Wade–Giles: chiao⁴
    • Yale: jyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw
    • Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Note:

• jiáo - vernacular;
• jué - literary;
• jiào - only used in 倒嚼, 反嚼 or 回嚼.

• (Chengdu)
  • Sichuanese Pinyin: jiao²
  • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giao
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiau²¹/

Cantonese

• (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  • Jyutping: zoek³, zoek⁶, ziu⁶, zeu⁶
  • Yale: jeuk, jeuhk, jiuh, colloquial sounds not defined
  • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoek⁸, dzoek⁹, dziu⁶, dzeu⁶
  • Guangdong Romanization: zêg³, zêg⁶, jiu⁶, colloquial sounds not defined
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃœːk̚³/, /t͡ʃœːk̚²/, /t͡siːu̯²²/, /t͡sɛːu̯²²/

Note:

• zoek3/zoek6 - literary;
• ziu6/zeu6 - vernacular (also written as 噍 or 𡁻).

• (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  • Wiktionary: diak², diau⁵
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiak̚⁵⁵/, /tiau³²/

Note:

• diak2 - literary;
• diau5 - vernacular (also written as 噍).

Gan

• (Nanchang)
  • Wiktionary: qioh⁷
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ²/

Hakka

• (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiok / chheu
  • Hakka Romanization System: jiog` / ceu
  • Hagfa Pinyim: jiog⁵ / ceu⁴
  • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕi̯ok̚²/, /t͡sʰeu̯⁵⁵/
• (Meixian)
  • Guangdong: jiog⁵ / qiau⁴
  • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕiɔk̚¹/, /t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/

Note:

• chiok/jiog5 - literary;
• chheu/qiau4 - vernacular (also written as 噍).

Jin

• (Taiyuan)⁺
  • Wiktionary: jiau¹
  • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiau¹¹/

Min Bei

• (Jian'ou)
  • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciŏ̤
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siɔ²⁴/

Min Dong

• (Fuzhou)
  • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciŏk
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suoʔ⁵/

Min Nan

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio̍h
  • Tâi-lô: tsio̍h
  • Phofsit Daibuun: cioih
  • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕioʔ⁴/
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕioʔ¹²¹/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio̍k
  • Tâi-lô: tsio̍k
  • Phofsit Daibuun: ciok
  • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɔk̚⁴/
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɔk̚²⁴/
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɔk̚¹²¹/
• (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiok
  • Tâi-lô: tsiok
  • Phofsit Daibuun: ciog
  • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɔk̚³²/

Note:

• chio̍h - vernacular;
• chio̍k/chiok - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ziag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiak
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siak̚²/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wugniu: ⁸zhiaq
  • Wiktionary Romanisation: ⁵xxiaq
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʑiaʔ¹²/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: zio⁶ / cio⁴
  • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡sio²⁴/, /t͡sʰio⁴⁵/
  • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕio²⁴/, /t͡ɕʰio⁴⁵/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 嚼
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɑu³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕiau²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕiɑu⁴⁵/ /t͡ɕye⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiɔ⁴²/ /t͡ɕyə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/t͡syə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡syo⁴²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕyo²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕyu²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕye⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕyə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕyɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕio²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕiau¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiao²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕio³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡soʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyɐʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiau¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕiɔ³¹/ ～烂 /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/ 倒～
Wu	Shanghai	/ʑiaʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ziɑʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑiɑʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/ja²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰiɔ²²/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕio⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sio²⁴/ ～頭 /t͡sʰio⁵⁵/ ～不爛
	Xiangtan	/t͡sʰio⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰiɔʔ²/ 瞎扯
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡siok̚¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sœk̚³/
	Nanning	/t͡sœk̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sœk̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡siɔk̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡suoʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡siɔ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡siak̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/t͡siɔk̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzjak

Rime
Character	嚼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	陽 (107)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	在爵切
Baxter	dzjak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ziɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɨak̚/
Li Rong	/d͡ziak̚/
Wang Li	/d͡zĭak̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jué
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoek6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*zewɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嚼
Reading #	1/1
No.	7258
Phonetic component	爵
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	皭
Old Chinese	/*zewɢ/

Definitions

嚼

1. (transitive) to chew; to masticate; to crunch

   嚼口香糖  ―  jiáo kǒuxiāngtáng  ―  to chew chewing gum

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 嚼 (“to chew”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		咀嚼
Mandarin	Beijing	嚼
	Jinan	嚼
	Xi'an	嚼
	Wuhan	嚼
	Chengdu	嚼
	Yangzhou	嚼
	Hefei	噍
	Singapore	嚼
Cantonese	Guangzhou	噍
	Hong Kong	噍
	Yangjiang	唵
Gan	Nanchang	噍
Hakka	Meixian	噍
Jin	Taiyuan	咬, 喃
Min Bei	Jian'ou	哺
Min Dong	Fuzhou	嚼
Min Nan	Xiamen	哺
	Quanzhou	哺
	Zhangzhou	哺
	Taipei (Wanhua)	哺
	Kaohsiung	哺
	Yilan	哺
	Changhua (Lukang)	哺
	Taichung	哺
	Taichung (Wuqi)	哺
	Tainan	哺
	Taitung	咬
	Hsinchu	哺
	Penghu (Magong)	哺
	Manila (Hokkien)	哺
	Chaozhou	哺
	Jieyang	哺
	Leizhou	哺
	Haikou	哺
Wu	Suzhou	嚼
	Wenzhou	嚼
Xiang	Changsha	嚼, 噍
	Shuangfeng	嚼

Compounds

• 亂嚼舌頭／乱嚼舌头
• 倒嚼 (dǎojiào)
• 味同嚼蠟／味同嚼蜡
• 咀嚼 (jǔjué)
• 咀嚼肌 (jǔjuéjī)
• 咀英嚼華／咀英嚼华
• 咬嚼 (yǎojué)
• 咬文嚼字 (yǎowénjiáozì)
• 咬釘嚼鐵／咬钉嚼铁
• 嚼咬人
• 嚼子
• 嚼完鬆／嚼完松
• 嚼旃
• 嚼用
• 嚼穀／嚼谷
• 嚼舌 (jiáoshé)
• 嚼舌根
• 嚼舌頭／嚼舌头 (jiáo shétou)
• 嚼菜根
• 嚼蛆
• 嚼蠟／嚼蜡
• 嚼裹兒／嚼裹儿
• 嚼說／嚼说
• 嚼墨噴紙／嚼墨喷纸
• 嚼齒／嚼齿
• 大吃大嚼
• 屠門大嚼／屠门大嚼
• 摶沙嚼蠟／抟沙嚼蜡
• 望門大嚼／望门大嚼
• 朵頤大嚼／朵颐大嚼
• 死吃死嚼
• 沒嚼頭／没嚼头
• 混嚼舌根
• 白嚼人
• 白嚼蛆
• 細嚼／细嚼
• 細嚼慢嚥／细嚼慢咽 (xìjiáomànyàn)
• 臭嚼
• 裂眥嚼齒／裂眦嚼齿

 

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		嚼
alternative forms		𥬬 焦 啁

Pronunciation

• Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): chhia̍uh / chia̍uh

---

• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhia̍uh
    • Tâi-lô: tshia̍uh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiauh
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /t͡ɕʰiauʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiauʔ⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chia̍uh
    • Tâi-lô: tsia̍uh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciauh
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiauʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiauʔ¹²¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 嚼
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɑu³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕiau²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕiɑu⁴⁵/ /t͡ɕye⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiɔ⁴²/ /t͡ɕyə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/t͡syə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡syo⁴²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕyo²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕyu²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕye⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕyə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕyɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕio²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕiau¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiao²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕio³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡soʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyɐʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiau¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕiɔ³¹/ ～烂 /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/ 倒～
Wu	Shanghai	/ʑiaʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ziɑʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑiɑʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/ja²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰiɔ²²/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕio⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sio²⁴/ ～頭 /t͡sʰio⁵⁵/ ～不爛
	Xiangtan	/t͡sʰio⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰiɔʔ²/ 瞎扯
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡siok̚¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sœk̚³/
	Nanning	/t͡sœk̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sœk̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡siɔk̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡suoʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡siɔ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡siak̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/t͡siɔk̚⁵/

Definitions

嚼

1. (Hokkien) to chatter; to blabber; to blather; to prattle; to talk incessantly

Compounds

• 嚼仔
• 嚼嚼叫
• 嚼嚼吼
• 嚼嚼念
• 嚼嚼𥍉
• 嚼嚼踊
• 嚼嚼霆

 

Related terms

• 吱吱寂寂
• 喞喞啁啁
• 噍噍 (jiūjiū)
• 焦焦
• 鳥喙／鸟喙 (niǎohuì)

 

Japanese

Kanji

嚼

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ざく (zaku)
• Kan-on: しゃく (shaku)
• Kun: かむ (kamu, 嚼む)

Korean

Hanja

嚼 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

嚼: Hán Nôm readings: tước

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.