哺

哺 U+54FA, 哺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54FA ← 哹 [U+54F9] CJK Unified Ideographs 哻 → [U+54FB]

Translingual

Han character

哺 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 口戈十月 (RIJB), four-corner 6302₇, composition ⿰口甫)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 191, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3676
• Dae Jaweon: page 410, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 626, character 7
• Unihan data for U+54FA

Chinese

simp. and trad.		哺
alternative forms		餔／𫗦 晡 䊇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
豧	*pʰoːs, *pʰa, *pʰas
縛	*baːɡs, *baɡ
逋	*paː
餔	*paː, *baːs
晡	*paː
庯	*paː
陠	*paː, *pʰaː
鵏	*paː, *baːs
峬	*paː
誧	*paː, *pʰaː, *pʰaːʔ, *pʰaːs
秿	*paː, *pʰa, *baʔ
鯆	*paː, *pʰaː, *paʔ
補	*paːʔ
圃	*paːʔ, *paːs
鋪	*pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa
痡	*pʰaː, *pʰa
浦	*pʰaːʔ
烳	*pʰaːʔ
溥	*pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ
悑	*pʰaːs
酺	*baː
匍	*baː
蜅	*baː, *paʔ
脯	*baː, *paʔ
葡	*baː
蒱	*baː
蒲	*baː
簿	*baːʔ, *baːɡ
捕	*baːs
哺	*baːs
簠	*pa, *paʔ, *pʰas
甫	*paʔ
黼	*paʔ
莆	*paʔ
俌	*paʔ, *pʰaʔ
郙	*paʔ, *pʰa
傅	*paɡs
搏	*paɡs, *paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ
麱	*pʰa
尃	*pʰa
榑	*ba
輔	*baʔ
鬴	*baʔ
賻	*baɡs
博	*paːɡ
髆	*paːɡ
鎛	*paːɡ
猼	*paːɡ
餺	*paːɡ
簙	*paːɡ
鑮	*paːɡ, *baːɡ
欂	*paːɡ, *baɡ, *breːɡ
蒪	*pʰaːɡ
膊	*pʰaːɡ
薄	*baːɡ
礡	*baːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baːs): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǔ, pǔ, bù (bu³, pu³, bu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˇ, ㄆㄨˇ, ㄅㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou⁶ / bou¹
• Northern Min (KCR): biō̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pō͘ / pǒ͘ / pó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bu⁶ / bou⁷

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǔ
    • Wade–Giles: pu³
    • Yale: bǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buu
    • Palladius: бу (bu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pǔ
    • Wade–Giles: pʻu³
    • Yale: pǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: puu
    • Palladius: пу (pu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bù
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bù
    • Wade–Giles: pu⁴
    • Yale: bù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buh
    • Palladius: бу (bu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bou⁶ / bou¹
    • Yale: bouh / bōu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou⁶ / bou¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou⁶ / bou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯²²/, /pou̯⁵⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: biō̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piɔ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Sanxia, Yilan, Tainan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pō͘
    • Tâi-lô: pōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: po
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /pɔ⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Changtai): /peu²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /pɔ²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan): /pɔ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǒ͘
    • Tâi-lô: pǒo
    • Sinological IPA (Lukang): /pɔ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó͘
    • Tâi-lô: póo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: por
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔ⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bu⁶ / bou⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pŭ / pōu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu³⁵/, /pou¹¹/

Note:

• bu6 - literary;
• bou7 - vernacular ("to chew").

---

• Middle Chinese: buH

Rime
Character	哺
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄故切
Baxter	buH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buoH/
Pan Wuyun	/buoH/
Shao Rongfen	/boH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bɔH/
Li Rong	/boH/
Wang Li	/buH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤa-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	哺
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ buH ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁa-s/
English	food held in the mouth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	哺
Reading #	1/1
No.	3444
Phonetic component	甫
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	捕
Old Chinese	/*baːs/

Definitions

哺

1. (literary, of birds) to feed (with food in the mouth)
2. to feed; to nurse
3. (literary) food being chewed in the mouth

   • 夫赫胥氏之時，民居不知所為，行不知所之，含哺而熙，鼓腹而遊，民能以此矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫赫胥氏之时，民居不知所为，行不知所之，含哺而熙，鼓腹而游，民能以此矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Fū Hèxūshì zhī shí, mín jū bùzhī suǒ wéi, xíng bùzhī suǒ zhī, hánbǔ ér xī, gǔfù ér yóu, mín néng yǐ cǐ yǐ. [Pinyin]

     In the time of (the Di) He-xu, the people occupied their dwellings without knowing what they were doing, and walked out without knowing where they were going. They filled their mouths with food and were glad; they slapped their stomachs to express their satisfaction. This was all the ability which they possessed.

4. (literary) to eat
5. (Northern Min, Southern Min) to chew

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 嚼 (“to chew”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		咀嚼
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	嚼
	Singapore	嚼
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	嚼
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	嚼
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	嚼
	Wuhan	嚼
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	嚼
	Hefei	噍
Cantonese	Guangzhou	噍
	Hong Kong	噍
	Yangjiang	唵
Gan	Nanchang	噍
Hakka	Meixian	噍
Jin	Taiyuan	咬, 喃
Northern Min	Jian'ou	哺
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	嚼
Southern Min	Xiamen	哺
	Quanzhou	哺
	Jinjiang	哺
	Zhangzhou	哺
	Taipei	哺, 嗕
	Taipei (Wanhua)	哺
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	哺, 嗕
	Kaohsiung	哺
	Yilan	哺
	Changhua (Lukang)	哺
	Taichung	哺
	Taichung (Wuqi)	哺
	Tainan	哺
	Taitung	咬
	Hsinchu	哺
	Kinmen	哺
	Penghu (Magong)	哺
	Manila (Hokkien)	哺
	Chaozhou	哺
	Jieyang	哺
	Leizhou	哺
	Haikou	哺
Wu	Suzhou	嚼
	Wenzhou	嚼
Xiang	Changsha	嚼, 噍
	Shuangfeng	嚼

Compounds

• 乳哺 (rǔbǔ)
• 反哺 (fǎnbǔ)
• 吐哺
• 吐哺待賢 / 吐哺待贤
• 吐哺捉髮 / 吐哺捉发
• 吐哺握髮 / 吐哺握发
• 含哺鼓腹
• 周公吐哺
• 咽哺
• 哺乳 (bǔrǔ)
• 哺乳動物 / 哺乳动物 (bǔrǔ dòngwù)
• 哺乳器
• 哺乳綱 / 哺乳纲 (bǔrǔgāng)
• 哺乳類 / 哺乳类 (bǔrǔlèi)
• 哺坊
• 哺育 (bǔyù)
• 哺育袋
• 哺雞 / 哺鸡
• 哺食
• 哺養 / 哺养 (bǔyǎng)
• 哺鷇 / 哺𬆮
• 嗷嗷待哺 (áo'áodàibǔ)
• 慈烏反哺 / 慈乌反哺
• 慈烏返哺 / 慈乌返哺
• 握髮吐哺 / 握发吐哺 (wòfàtǔbǔ)
• 撮哺
• 烏哺 / 乌哺
• 輟食吐哺 / 辍食吐哺
• 返哺 (fǎnbǔ)
• 鼓腹含哺

Japanese

Kanji

哺

(Jōyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ぶ (bu)
• Kan-on: ほ (ho, Jōyō)
• Kun: ふくむ (fukumu, 哺む)、はぐくむ (hagukumu, 哺む)

Korean

Hanja

哺 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

哺: Hán Nôm readings: bô, bộ, phô, bô, bu, bú, bụ, pho, phò

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.