姆

Translingual

Han character

姆 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女田卜戈 (VWYI), four-corner 4745₀, composition ⿰女母)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 258, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6159
• Dae Jaweon: page 523, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1041, character 13
• Unihan data for U+59C6

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Chinese

trad.		姆
simp. #		姆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
脢	*mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
挴	*mlɯːʔ, *mɯːʔ
海	*hmlɯːʔ
毐	*ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ
呣	*mɯ
拇	*mɯʔ
母	*mɯʔ
胟	*mɯʔ
姆	*mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ
畮	*mɯʔ
踇	*mɯʔ
苺	*mɯs, *mɯːʔ, *mɯːs
莓	*mɯs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
敏	*mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ
鰵	*mrɯŋʔ
慜	*mrɯŋʔ
毋	*ma
梅	*mɯː
酶	*mɯː
鋂	*mɯː
每	*mɯːʔ
毎	*mɯːs
痗	*mɯːs, *hmɯːs
晦	*hmɯːs
誨	*hmɯːs
悔	*hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs
霉	*mrɯl

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǔ (mu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mê
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bió / bó͘ / bú / bó / ḿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): m²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǔ
    • Wade–Giles: mu³
    • Yale: mǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muu
    • Palladius: му (mu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mou⁵
    • Yale: móuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mê
    • Hakka Romanization System: me^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: me¹
    • Sinological IPA: /me²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bió
    • Tâi-lô: bió
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bioir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bio⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó͘
    • Tâi-lô: bóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bor
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /bɔ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bú
    • Tâi-lô: bú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: buo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bu⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó
    • Tâi-lô: bó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: boir
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bo⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ḿ
    • Tâi-lô: ḿ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mr
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /m̩⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /m̩⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /m̩⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• bió/bó͘ - literary;
• bú/bó - vernacular;
• ḿ - vernacular (俗).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: m²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ḿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: muwH

Rime
Character	姆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫候切
Baxter	muwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/məuH/
Pan Wuyun	/məuH/
Shao Rongfen	/məuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/məwH/
Li Rong	/muH/
Wang Li	/məuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/mə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mau6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*məʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mɯʔ/, /*mɯs/, /*maːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	姆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ muwX ›
Old Chinese	/*məʔ/
English	female teacher in harem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姆	姆	姆
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	9290	9293	9300
Phonetic component	母	母	母
Rime group	之	之	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	母	茂
Old Chinese	/*mɯʔ/	/*mɯs/	/*maːʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 姆

1. ^† female tutor who teaches women "female virtues" (in feudal China)
2. woman who looks after small children

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): m̄, mū (m¹, mu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㆬ, ㄇㄨ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: m̄
    • Zhuyin: ㆬ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: m
    • Wade–Giles: m¹
    • Yale: m̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: m1
    • Palladius: м (m)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mū
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mu
    • Wade–Giles: mu¹
    • Yale: mū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhu
    • Palladius: му (mu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 姆

1. Only used in 姆媽／姆妈 (m̄mā).

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Japanese

Kanji

姆

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. wet nurse

Readings

• Go-on: も (mo)
• Kan-on: ぼ (bo)
• Kun: うば (uba, 姆)、かしずき (kashizuki)

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Korean

Hanja

姆 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo)

1. child's governess
2. matron

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 姆 (mỗ, mẫu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.