婚

婚 U+5A5A, 婚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5A5A ← 婙 [U+5A59] CJK Unified Ideographs 婛 → [U+5A5B]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

婚 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女竹心日 (VHPA), four-corner 4246₄, composition ⿰女昏)

1. get married
2. marriage; wedding

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 264, character 34
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6418
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1060, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5A5A

Chinese

trad.		婚
simp. #		婚
alternative forms		昏 𡝪 㛰 𡕽 𡖀 昏 𡝪 㛰 𡕽 𡖀 𤔿

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (昏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鍲	*mrɯn
抿	*mrɯn, *mrɯn, *mrɯnʔ
緡	*mrɯn
捪	*mrɯnʔ
湣	*mrɯnʔ
昏	*hmɯːn
婚	*hmɯːn
閽	*hmɯːn
惛	*hmɯːn, *hmɯːnʔ, *hmɯːns
棔	*hmɯːn
殙	*hmɯːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hmɯːn): semantic 女 + phonetic 昏 (OC *hmɯːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): hūn (hun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hun¹

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): hǔn

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хун (hun, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fan¹

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): fan¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fun¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): fiin¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fûn

  (Hailu, HRS): fun^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fun¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): hung¹
• Northern Min (KCR): hó̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): huŏng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hong¹ / huong¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hun

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hung¹

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): hung¹

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): wan¹
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹huen / ¹huoen
  • (Jinhua): ¹huen
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fen¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hun
    • Wade–Giles: hun¹
    • Yale: hwūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huen
    • Palladius: хунь (xunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: hun¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xun
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuən⁵⁵/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: hǔn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuẽ²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хун (hun, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fan¹
    • Yale: fān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: fan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn²¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fun³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: fiin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɨn⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: fun^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fun²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: fun^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /fun⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fun⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: hung¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hong¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: heong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun
    • Tâi-lô: hun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hwn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hung¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³³/
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: hung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /huŋ³⁵/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: wan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /βən⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ¹huen
    • MiniDict: huen^平
    • MiniDict: hueon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹hun
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /huən⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /huən⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /hun³³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /huẽ⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /huəŋ⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /huɐŋ⁵³/
  • (Northern: Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ¹huoen
    • MiniDict: huoeon^平
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /huø̃⁵²/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ¹huen
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /huəŋ³³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: fen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸən³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: xwon

Rime
Character	婚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呼昆切
Baxter	xwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/huən/
Pan Wuyun	/huon/
Shao Rongfen	/xuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwən/
Li Rong	/xuən/
Wang Li	/xuən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤu[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hmɯːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	婚
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hūn
Middle Chinese	‹ xwon ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥ˁu[n]/
English	marriage
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	婚
Reading #	1/1
No.	5530
Phonetic component	昏
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	昏
Old Chinese	/*hmɯːn/

Definitions

婚

1. to marry; to get married
2. wedding; marriage

   寧拆十座廟，不毀一樁婚 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
   宁拆十座庙，不毁一桩婚 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

   níng chāi shí zuò miào, bù huǐ yī zhuāng hūn [Pinyin]

   I’d rather tear down ten temples than destroy a marriage.

3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) relative by marriage; kin by marriage; in-law

   • 汝克黜乃心，施實德于民，至于婚友，丕乃敢大言汝有積德。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     汝克黜乃心，施实德于民，至于婚友，丕乃敢大言汝有积德。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Rǔ kè chù nǎi xīn, shī shídé yú mín, zhìyú hūnyǒu, pī nǎi gǎn dàyán rǔ yǒu jīdé. [Pinyin]

     If you can put away your (selfish) thoughts, and bestow real good upon the people, reaching (also) to your own relatives and friends, you may boldly venture to make your words great, and say that you have accumulated merit.

4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) father of wife
5. (historical dictionaries only) family of wife

Compounds

• 不婚媽媽 / 不婚妈妈
• 不婚族
• 主婚 (zhǔhūn)
• 主婚人
• 亂婚 / 乱婚
• 二婚 (èrhūn)
• 二婚頭 / 二婚头 (èrhūntóu)
• 允婚
• 內婚 / 内婚
• 公證結婚 / 公证结婚
• 再婚 (zàihūn)
• 冥婚 (mínghūn)
• 初婚 (chūhūn)
• 判決離婚 / 判决离婚
• 前婚後嫁 / 前婚后嫁
• 劫婚
• 勘婚
• 合婚
• 單婚 / 单婚
• 天婚
• 女嫁男婚
• 妻姊妹婚
• 婚事 (hūnshì)
• 婚俗 (hūnsú)
• 婚假 (hūnjià)
• 婚友介紹 / 婚友介绍
• 婚友社
• 婚喪 / 婚丧 (hūnsāng)
• 婚喪喜慶 / 婚丧喜庆 (hūnsāngxǐqìng)
• 婚外 (hūnwài)
• 婚外戀 / 婚外恋 (hūnwàiliàn)
• 婚姻 (hūnyīn)
• 婚姻介紹所 / 婚姻介绍所 (hūnyīn jièshàosuǒ)
• 婚姻失調 / 婚姻失调
• 婚姻懇談 / 婚姻恳谈
• 婚姻暴力
• 婚姻法 (hūnyīnfǎ)
• 婚姻自由
• 婚娶 (hūnqǔ)
• 婚嫁 (hūnjià)
• 婚宴 (hūnyàn)
• 婚對 / 婚对
• 婚戀 / 婚恋 (hūnliàn)
• 婚書 / 婚书
• 婚期 (hūnqī)
• 婚檢 / 婚检 (hūnjiǎn)
• 婚生子女
• 婚禮 / 婚礼 (hūnlǐ)
• 婚約 / 婚约 (hūnyuē)
• 婚紗 / 婚纱 (hūnshā)
• 婚變 / 婚变 (hūnbiàn)
• 婚配 (hūnpèi)
• 婚閥 / 婚阀
• 婚齡 / 婚龄 (hūnlíng)
• 完婚 (wánhūn)
• 宴爾新婚 / 宴尔新婚
• 寶石婚 / 宝石婚
• 已婚 (yǐhūn)
• 布婚
• 幽婚
• 後婚兒 / 后婚儿 (hòuhūnr)
• 復婚 / 复婚 (fùhūn)
• 徵婚 / 征婚 (zhēnghūn)
• 悔婚 (huǐhūn)
• 成婚 (chénghūn)
• 指婚
• 指腹為婚 / 指腹为婚
• 搶婚 / 抢婚 (qiǎnghūn)
• 撞天婚
• 新婚 (xīnhūn)
• 新婚燕爾 / 新婚燕尔 (xīnhūnyàn'ěr)
• 早婚 (zǎohūn)
• 明婚正配
• 晚婚 (wǎnhūn)
• 木婚
• 未婚 (wèihūn)
• 未婚夫 (wèihūnfū)
• 未婚妻 (wèihūnqī)
• 未婚媽媽 / 未婚妈妈
• 棉婚
• 棉布婚
• 水晶婚
• 求婚 (qiúhūn)
• 燕爾新婚 / 燕尔新婚 (yàn'ěrxīnhūn)
• 珍珠婚
• 珊瑚婚
• 瓷婚
• 男婚女嫁
• 男婚女聘
• 白金婚 (báijīnhūn)
• 皮婚
• 盲婚啞嫁 / 盲婚哑嫁 (mánghūnyǎjià)
• 碧玉婚
• 糖婚
• 紅寶石婚 / 红宝石婚
• 紙婚 / 纸婚
• 絲婚 / 丝婚
• 結婚 / 结婚
• 結婚戒指 / 结婚戒指
• 結婚證書 / 结婚证书 (jiéhūn zhèngshū)
• 綠寶石婚 / 绿宝石婚
• 網路婚禮 / 网路婚礼
• 羊布婚
• 翠玉婚
• 聯婚 / 联婚 (liánhūn)
• 腹婚妻
• 花邊婚 / 花边婚
• 複婚制 / 复婚制
• 訂婚 / 订婚 (dìnghūn)
• 訂婚柬帖 / 订婚柬帖
• 許婚 / 许婚 (xǔhūn)
• 試婚 / 试婚 (shìhūn)
• 論及婚嫁 / 论及婚嫁
• 證婚 / 证婚 (zhènghūn)
• 證婚人 / 证婚人
• 象牙婚
• 賣婚 / 卖婚
• 賴婚 / 赖婚
• 逃婚 (táohūn)
• 退婚 (tuìhūn)
• 退婚書 / 退婚书
• 通婚 (tōnghūn)
• 適婚年齡 / 适婚年龄
• 重婚 (chónghūn)
• 金剛鑽婚 / 金刚钻婚
• 金婚 (jīnhūn)
• 銅婚 / 铜婚
• 銀婚 / 银婚 (yínhūn)
• 錫婚 / 锡婚
• 鋼婚 / 钢婚
• 鐵婚 / 铁婚
• 鑽石婚 / 钻石婚
• 陶器婚
• 集團結婚 / 集团结婚
• 雜婚 / 杂婚 (záhūn)
• 離婚 / 离婚 (líhūn)
• 離婚率 / 离婚率
• 麻婚

References

• “婚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

婚

(Jōyō kanji)

1. marriage

Readings

• Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kun: よばい (yobai, 婚)

Compounds

• 婚姻(こんいん) (kon'in): marriage, matrimony
• 婚期(こんき) (konki)
• 婚約(こんやく) (kon'yaku)
• 婚礼(こんれい) (konrei)
• 結婚(けっこん) (kekkon): marriage
• 結婚式(けっこんしき) (kekkonshiki): wedding

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɸʷo̞n]
• Phonetic hangul: [혼]

Hanja

Wikisource

婚 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon)

1. get married
2. marriage, wedding

Vietnamese

Han character

婚: Hán Nôm readings: hôn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.