安土重遷

See also: 安土重迁

Chinese

		content; calm; still content; calm; still; quiet; to pacify; peace; how	earth; dust; rural earth; dust; rural; uncouth; uncultured; plebeian	heavy; serious; to double heavy; serious; to double; to repeat; repetition; iteration; again; a layer	to move; to shift
trad. (安土重遷)		安	土	重	遷
simp. (安土重迁)		安	土	重	迁

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): āntǔzhòngqiān

  (Zhuyin): ㄢ ㄊㄨˇ ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): on¹ tou² zung⁶ cin¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ôn-thú-chhung-chhiên

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: āntǔzhòngqiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄢ ㄊㄨˇ ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: antǔjhòngcian
    • Wade–Giles: an¹-tʻu³-chung⁴-chʻien¹
    • Yale: ān-tǔ-jùng-chyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: antuujonqchian
    • Palladius: аньтучжунцянь (anʹtučžuncjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀän⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: on¹ tou² zung⁶ cin¹
    • Yale: ōn tóu juhng chīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: on¹ tou² dzung⁶ tsin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: on¹ tou² zung⁶ qin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːn⁵⁵ tʰou̯³⁵ t͡sʊŋ²² t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ôn-thú-chhung-chhiên
    • Hakka Romanization System: on´ tu` cung qien´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: on¹ tu³ cung⁴ qian¹
    • Sinological IPA: /on²⁴ tʰu³¹ t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰi̯en²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: 'an thuX drjowngH tshjen

Rime
Character	安	土	重	遷
Reading #	1/1	1/2	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	透 (6)	澄 (11)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	模 (23)	鍾 (7)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III	III
Fanqie	烏寒切	他魯切	柱用切	七然切
Baxter	'an	thuX	drjowngH	tshjen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑn/	/tʰuoX/	/ɖɨoŋH/	/t͡sʰiᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑn/	/tʰuoX/	/ɖioŋH/	/t͡sʰiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑn/	/tʰoX/	/ȡioŋH/	/t͡sʰjæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔan/	/tʰɔX/	/ɖuawŋH/	/t͡sʰian/
Li Rong	/ʔɑn/	/tʰoX/	/ȡioŋH/	/t͡sʰiɛn/
Wang Li	/ɑn/	/tʰuX/	/ȡĭwoŋH/	/t͡sʰĭɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑn/	/tʰuoX/	/ȡʱi̯woŋH/	/t͡sʰi̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ān	tǔ	zhòng	qiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	on1	tou2	zung6	cin1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ʔ]ˤa[n]  tʰˤaʔ  N-t<r>oŋʔ-s  [tsʰ]ar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qaːn  l̥ʰaːʔ  doŋs  sʰen/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	安	土	重	遷
Reading #	1/3	1/1	3/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ān	tǔ	zhòng	qiān
Middle Chinese	‹ 'an ›	‹ thuX ›	‹ drjowngH ›	‹ tshjen ›
Old Chinese	/*[ʔ]ˁa[n]/	/*tʰˁaʔ/	/*N-t<r>oŋʔ-s/	/*[tsʰ]ar/
English	peace(ful)	earth	weight (n.)	move (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	安	土	重	遷
Reading #	1/1	1/2	3/3	1/1
No.	11	12499	17463	10233
Phonetic component	安	土	重	遷
Rime group	元	魚	東	元
Rime subdivision	1	0	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	安	土	重	遷
Old Chinese	/*qaːn/	/*l̥ʰaːʔ/	/*doŋs/	/*sʰen/
Notes				說文上從囟聲

Idiom

安土重遷

1. to hate to leave one's native land or where one has lived long; to love one's homeland and not wish to leave it

   • 安土重遷，黎民之性；骨肉相附，人情所願也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     安土重迁，黎民之性；骨肉相附，人情所愿也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Āntǔzhòngqiān, límín zhī xìng; gǔròu xiàng fù, rénqíng suǒ yuàn yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)