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珍

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 珎
珍 U+73CD, 珍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-73CD
← 珌
[U+73CC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 珎 →
[U+73CE]

Translingual

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Han character

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珍 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+5, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 一土人竹竹 (MGOHH), four-corner 18122, composition ⿰𤣩㐱)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 730, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20920
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1141, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1107, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+73CD

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 珍
alternative forms 珎
錱
鉁／𨱅
𧟪

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (疹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
沴 *rɯːls
趁 *nlanʔ, *l̥ʰɯns, *l'ɯn
紾 *ʔl'anʔ, *kljɯnʔ
跈 *nlɯːnʔ, *l'ɯːnʔ
殄 *l'ɯːnʔ
抮 *hlɯːnʔ
駗 *rɯn, *kljɯnʔ
珍 *ʔl'ɯn
診 *l'ɯns, *kljɯnʔ
畛 *kljɯn, *kljɯnʔ
疹 *kljɯnʔ
軫 *kljɯnʔ
胗 *kljɯnʔ, *klɯnʔ
袗 *kljɯnʔ, *kljɯns
眕 *kljɯnʔ
飻 *l̥ʰɯːd
餮 *r̥ʰɯːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔl'ɯn): semantic 玉 + phonetic 㐱. Originally meant a rich, robust gemstone (玉), and then also developed the meaning of "rare".

Etymology 1

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Compare Tibetan རིན (rin, “price; value”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note: chin - used in 珍珠, also written as 真珠 (chin-chu).
Note:
  • diêng1 - Chaozhou;
  • diang1 - Shantou.
Rime
Character 珍
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 眞 (44)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 陟鄰切
Baxter trin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʈˠiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈᵚin/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȶien/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈjin/
Li
Rong 		/ȶjĕn/
Wang
Li 		/ȶǐĕn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȶi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 珍
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhēn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ trin ›
Old
Chinese 		/*trə[n]/
English precious thing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 珍
Reading # 1/1
No. 17091
Phonetic
component 		疹
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		珍
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔl'ɯn/

Definitions

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珍

  1. treasure
  2. precious; valuable; rare
  3. to treasure; to value

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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珍

  1. (Hokkien) alternative form of 甜 (tiⁿ, “sweet”)

References

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  • “珍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • (Min Nan) 厦门大学中国语言文学研究所汉语方言研究室, editor (1982), “珍”, in 《普通话闽南方言词典》 Putonghua Minnan Fangyan Cidian, Fuzhou: Fujian People's Publishing House, page 995.

Japanese

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Kanji

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珍

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
珍
ちん
Grade: S
goon

From Middle Chinese 珍 (MC trin, “treasure, precious thing”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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珍(ちん) • (chin) -na (adnominal 珍(ちん)な (chin na), adverbial 珍(ちん)に (chin ni))

  1. rare, strange
Inflection
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Inflection of 珍
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 珍だろ ちんだろ chin daro
Continuative (連用形) 珍で ちんで chin de
Terminal (終止形) 珍だ ちんだ chin da
Attributive (連体形) 珍な ちんな chin na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 珍なら ちんなら chin nara
Imperative (命令形) 珍であれ ちんであれ chin de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 珍ではない
珍じゃない 		ちんではない
ちんじゃない 		chin de wa nai
chin ja nai
Informal past 珍だった ちんだった chin datta
Informal negative past 珍ではなかった
珍じゃなかった 		ちんではなかった
ちんじゃなかった 		chin de wa nakatta
chin ja nakatta
Formal 珍です ちんです chin desu
Formal negative 珍ではありません
珍じゃありません 		ちんではありません
ちんじゃありません 		chin de wa arimasen
chin ja arimasen
Formal past 珍でした ちんでした chin deshita
Formal negative past 珍ではありませんでした
珍じゃありませんでした 		ちんではありませんでした
ちんじゃありませんでした 		chin de wa arimasen deshita
chin ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 珍で ちんで chin de
Conditional 珍なら（ば） ちんなら（ば） chin nara (ba)
Provisional 珍だったら ちんだったら chin dattara
Volitional 珍だろう ちんだろう chin darō
Adverbial 珍に ちんに chin ni
Degree 珍さ ちんさ chinsa

Noun

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珍(ちん) • (chin) 

  1. rarity

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
珍
めずらし
Grade: S
nanori

From the Old Japanese and classical Japanese 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal or sentence-ending form”) of modern adjective 珍しい (mesurashii, “novel, curious, rare”).

Perhaps fittingly, the name itself is unusual.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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珍(めずらし) • (Mezurashi) ←めづらし (Medurasi)?

  1. a surname

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

珍 (eumhun 보배 진 (bobae jin))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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珍: Hán Nôm readings: trân, trằn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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