稗

稗 U+7A17, 稗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A17 ← 稖 [U+7A16] CJK Unified Ideographs 稘 → [U+7A18]

Translingual

Han character

稗 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹木竹田十 (HDHWJ), four-corner 2694₀, composition ⿰禾卑)

Derived characters

• 薭, 𮆛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 855, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25113
• Dae Jaweon: page 1280, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2613, character 11
• Unihan data for U+7A17

Chinese

simp. and trad.		稗
alternative forms		粺

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 稗
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (卑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
捭	*preːʔ
牌	*breː, *breː
郫	*breː, *bre, *be
蠯	*breː, *be, *breːŋʔ
猈	*breːʔ, *breː
稗	*breːs
粺	*breːs
𥱼	*breː
豍	*peː
箄	*peː, *pe, *peʔ
錍	*pʰeː, *pe
睥	*pʰeːs
渒	*pʰeːs, *pe
鼙	*beː
鞞	*beː, *pe, *peʔ, *peːŋʔ
椑	*beː, *pe, *beɡ, *beːɡ
崥	*beː, *peʔ
髀	*beːʔ, *peʔ, *piʔ
卑	*pe
鵯	*pe, *pʰiɡ
裨	*pe, *be
痺	*pe
碑	*pre
婢	*peʔ, *beʔ
諀	*pʰeʔ
脾	*be
埤	*be
陴	*be
蜱	*be, *mbew
焷	*be
螷	*be, *breːŋʔ
庳	*beʔ
琕	*biːŋ
萆	*beɡ, *slɯʔ
綼	*biɡ, *peːɡ

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ras (“rice, fruit, to bear fruit, round object”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bài (bai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bai⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bai⁶ / bai^6-2 / baai⁶ / pei⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): pai⁴

• Gan (Wiktionary): pa⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phai

  (Hailu, HRS): pai^˖

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kuai⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): bai³
• Northern Min (KCR): pāi
• Eastern Min (BUC): pá̤ / bâi
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pe⁴ / bai⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phōe / phē / phǒe / pāi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): poin⁷ / poi⁷ / bi²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ba
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ba⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bài
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bài
    • Wade–Giles: pai⁴
    • Yale: bài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bay
    • Palladius: бай (baj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: bai⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bai
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bai⁶ / bai^6-2 / baai⁶ / pei⁴
    • Yale: baih / bái / baaih / pèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bai⁶ / bai^6-2 / baai⁶ / pei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: bei⁶ / bei^6-2 / bai⁶ / péi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐi̯²²/, /pɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/, /paːi̯²²/, /pʰei̯²¹/

Note: pei4 - rare variant, e.g. 稗官.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: pai⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰai²¹/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: pa⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰa¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phai
    • Hakka Romanization System: pai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰai̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: pai^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰai³³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kuai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰuaɪ⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: bai³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pai⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰai⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: pá̤ / bâi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑ²¹³/, /pɑi²⁴²/

Note:

• pá̤ - vernacular;
• bâi - literary.

• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: pe⁴
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: pa̤̍
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰe⁴²/
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: bai⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai¹¹/
  • (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: bai⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai²¹/

Note:

• pe4 - vernacular (e.g. 稗草);
• bai5 - literary (e.g. 稗官).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phōe
    • Tâi-lô: phuē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoe
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰue⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /pʰue²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pʰue³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phē
    • Tâi-lô: phē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phe
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰe²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /pʰe³³/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phǒe
    • Tâi-lô: phuě
    • Sinological IPA (Lukang): /pʰue³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pāi
    • Tâi-lô: pāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pai
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pai²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pai⁴¹/

Note:

• phōe/phē/phǒe - vernacular;
• pāi - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: poin⁷ / poi⁷ / bi²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phōiⁿ / phōi / pí
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰõĩ¹¹/, /pʰoi¹¹/, /pi⁵²/

Note:

• poin7 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Shantou);
• poi7 - vernacular (Jieyang, Puning, Huilai);
• bi2 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ba
    • MiniDict: ba^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ba
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ba²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ba⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pa̠²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: beaH

Rime
Character	稗
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	傍卦切
Baxter	beaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠɛH/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚæH/
Shao Rongfen	/bæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨjH/
Li Rong	/bɛH/
Wang Li	/baiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱaiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	baai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[b]ˤre-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*breːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	稗
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bài
Middle Chinese	‹ bɛH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[b]ˁre-s/
English	weed resembling grain
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	稗
Reading #	1/1
No.	353
Phonetic component	卑
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	粺
Old Chinese	/*breːs/

Definitions

稗

1. barnyard grass; barnyard millet
2. (literary) insignificant; unofficial

   清稗類鈔／清稗类钞  ―  Qīng bài lèi chāo  ―  Record of Petty Qing Anomalies [zh]

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 稗子 (“barnyard grass”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		稗子, 稗, 稗草
Taxonomic name		稗
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	稗子
	Taiwan	稗子, 稗草
	Langfang	稗子
	Harbin	稗子
Jilu Mandarin	Tangshan	稗子
	Baoding	稗子
	Shijiazhuang	稗子
	Jinan	稗子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	稗子
	Daming	稗草
	Xi'an	稗子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	稗子
	Ürümqi	稗子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	稗子
	Wuhan	稗子
	Guiyang	毛稗
	Guilin	稗子
	Liuzhou	稗子
	Nanning (Wuming)	稗
Cantonese	Guangzhou	稗, 稗仔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	稗
	Macau	稗子
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	稗草
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	稗仔
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	稗
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	稗
	Foshan	稗
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	稗
	Foshan (Sanshui)	稗
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	稗
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	稗子
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	稗子
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	稗
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	稗
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	稗
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	稗
	Taishan	稗
	Kaiping (Chikan)	稗
	Enping (Niujiang)	稗
	Heshan (Yayao)	稗
	Dongguan	稗
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	稗
	Qingyuan	稗草
	Fogang	稗仔
	Yingde (Hanguang)	稗仔
	Yangshan	稗
	Lianshan (Butian)	稗
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	稗子
	Shaoguan	稗仔, 草子
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	稗子
	Renhua	稗草
	Lechang	稗子
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	稗
	Sihui	稗仔
	Guangning	稗仔
	Deqing	稗子
	Huaiji	野禾
	Yunfu	稗仔
	Luoding	稗仔
	Yunan (Pingtai)	稗
	Xinyi	稗
	Nanning	稗
	Wuzhou	稗
	Yulin	稗子
	Rongxian	鶴草
Gan	Nanchang	稗子
	Pengze	稗子
	Lichuan	稗子, 稗草
	Pingxiang	稗子
Hakka	Meixian	快仔
	Xingning	稗哩
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	稗
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	稗
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	稗
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	稗子
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	稗哩
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	稗哩
	Wuhua (Changbu)	稗哩
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	稗哩
	Nanxiong (Zhuji)	稗草
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	稗
	Jiexi	稗
	Luhe	稗仔
	Changting	稗草
	Longyan (Yongding)	稗草
	Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding)	稗草
	Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding)	稗草
	Wuping (Zhongshan)	稗
	Liancheng (Peitian)	稗生
	Liancheng (Juxi)	稗
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	稗
	Yudu	稗草
	Ruijin	稗草
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	稗仔
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	稗仔
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	稗仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	稗仔
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	稗仔
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	稗仔
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	稗仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	稗仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	稗
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	稗仔
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	稗
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	稗子
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	快子
	Sabah (Longchuan)	稗, 蘇渺草
	Bangkok (Meixian)	快仔
	Bangkok (Fengshun)	稗草
Huizhou	Jixi	稗
	Fuliang	稗草
Jin	Taiyuan	稗子
	Xinzhou	稗子
	Zhangjiakou	稗子
	Handan	稗子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	稗
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	稗, 稗草
	Fuqing	稗
Southern Min	Xiamen	稗仔, 稗
	Quanzhou	稗
	Zhangzhou	稗仔, 稗
	Zhao'an	稗
	Taipei	稗仔
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	稗仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	稗仔
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	稗仔
	Kaohsiung	稗仔
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	稗仔
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	粙仔稗
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	稗仔
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	稗仔
	Yilan	稗仔
	Yilan (Luodong)	稗仔
	Yilan (Toucheng)	稗仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	稗仔
	Taichung	稗仔草
	Tainan	大窟草, 稗仔
	Hsinchu	稗仔
	Kinmen	稗
	Penghu (Magong)	稗
	Longyan	稗
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	稗
	Shantou	稗
Central Min	Yong'an	稗
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	稗
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	稗
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	稗子, 草子
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	稗子
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	稗
Wu	Shanghai	稗草
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	稗草子, 稗子
	Shanghai (Jiading)	稗子
	Suzhou	稗草子
	Danyang	稗草
	Hangzhou	稗草
	Ningbo	稗草
	Jinhua	稗
Xiang	Changsha	稗子
	Loudi	稗子
	Quanzhou	稗子
Xiangnan Tuhua	Jiangyong	稗崽

Compounds

• 水稗
• 秕稗
• 稊稗
• 稗仔
• 稗史
• 稗子 (bàizi)
• 稗官 (bàiguān)
• 稗官小說 / 稗官小说 (bàiguānxiǎoshuō)
• 稗官野史 (bàiguānyěshǐ)
• 稗沙門 / 稗沙门
• 稗海
• 稗米
• 稗草
• 稗販 / 稗贩

References

• “稗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “稗”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 149.

Japanese

Kanji

稗

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. barnyardgrass, Japanese barnyard millet
2. small, minor
3. sundry

Readings

• Go-on: べ (be)
• Kan-on: はい (hai)
• Kun: ひえ (hie)

Compounds

• 稗官(はいかん) (haikan)
• 稗史(はいし) (haishi)
• 裨益(ひえき) (hieki)
• 稗粒種(ひりゅうしゅ) (hiryūshu)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
稗
ひえ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
穇

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひえ [híꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) ひえ [hìéꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [çie̞]

Noun

稗(ひえ) or 稗(ヒエ) • (hie) 

1. Japanese barnyard millet (Echinochloa esculenta)

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).

Derived terms

• 唐人稗(とうじんびえ) (tōjinbie)
• 四国稗(しこくびえ) (shikokubie)
• 雀(すずめ)の稗(ひえ) (suzumenohie)

Idioms

• 豆(まめ)を植(う)えて稗(ひえ)を得(え)る (mame o uete hie o eru, “to do something expecting good results, instead getting bad results”)

References

• “^▲稗”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja

稗 (eum 패 (pae))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.