簡

See also: 简

Translingual

Han character

簡 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹日弓日 (HANA), four-corner 8822₇, composition ⿱⺮間)

Related characters

• 𥳑 (Kangxi dictionary form)

Derived characters

• 𨰝

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 901, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26520
• Dae Jaweon: page 1325, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3017, character 15
• Unihan data for U+7C21

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Chinese

trad.		簡
simp.		简
alternative forms		𥳑 𫈉 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (閒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
間	*kreːn, *kreːns
簡	*kreːnʔ
澗	*kreːns, *kraːns
鐧	*kreːns, *kraːns
蕑	*kreːn
覵	*kreːn, *kreːns, *pkrenʔ
襉	*kreːnʔ, *kreːns
僩	*kreːnʔ, *ɡraːnʔ
鬜	*kʰreːn, *kʰraːn, *kʰreːd
癇	*ɡreːn
瞯	*ɡreːn
憪	*ɡreːn, *ɡraːnʔ
橌	*ɡraːnʔ
撊	*ɡraːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːnʔ) : semantic 竹 + phonetic 間／间 (OC *ɡreːn)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiǎn (jian³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaan²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kán

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gang²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵ci

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: chien³
    • Yale: jyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jean
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gaan²
    • Yale: gáan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gan²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːn³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kán
    • Tâi-lô: kán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: karn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kan⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kan⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kan⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kan⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: káng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵ci
    • MiniDict: ci^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ji
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: keanX

Rime
Character	簡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古限切
Baxter	keanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛnX/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚænX/
Shao Rongfen	/kænX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨnX/
Li Rong	/kɛnX/
Wang Li	/kænX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kănX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaan2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤre[n]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kreːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	簡	簡
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiǎn	jiǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛnX ›	‹ kɛnX ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁre[n]ʔ/	/*kˁre[n]ʔ/
English	bamboo slip for writing	select, large-minded, etc.
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	簡
Reading #	1/1
No.	6227
Phonetic component	閒
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	簡
Old Chinese	/*kreːnʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 簡

1. bamboo slip
2. letter
3. simple; uncomplicated
4. terse; succinct
5. to simplify
6. to select

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Japanese

Kanji

簡

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. simple
2. terse, brief, succinct

Readings

• Go-on: けん (ken)
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
• Kun: ふだ (fuda, 簡); えらぶ (erabu, 簡ぶ)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
簡
かん Grade: 6
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 簡 (MC keanX).

Adjective

簡(かん) • (kan) -na (adnominal 簡(かん)な (kan na), adverbial 簡(かん)に (kan ni))

1. brief; simple

Inflection

Inflection of 簡

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	簡だろ	かんだろ	kan daro
Continuative (連用形)	簡で	かんで	kan de
Terminal (終止形)	簡だ	かんだ	kan da
Attributive (連体形)	簡な	かんな	kan na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	簡なら	かんなら	kan nara
Imperative (命令形)	簡であれ	かんであれ	kan de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	簡ではない 簡じゃない	かんではない かんじゃない	kan de wa nai kan ja nai
Informal past	簡だった	かんだった	kan datta
Informal negative past	簡ではなかった 簡じゃなかった	かんではなかった かんじゃなかった	kan de wa nakatta kan ja nakatta
Formal	簡です	かんです	kan desu
Formal negative	簡ではありません 簡じゃありません	かんではありません かんじゃありません	kan de wa arimasen kan ja arimasen
Formal past	簡でした	かんでした	kan deshita
Formal negative past	簡ではありませんでした 簡じゃありませんでした	かんではありませんでした かんじゃありませんでした	kan de wa arimasen deshita kan ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	簡で	かんで	kan de
Conditional	簡なら（ば）	かんなら（ば）	kan nara (ba)
Provisional	簡だったら	かんだったら	kan dattara
Volitional	簡だろう	かんだろう	kan darō
Adverbial	簡に	かんに	kan ni
Degree	簡さ	かんさ	kansa

Noun

簡(かん) • (kan) 

1. brevity; simplicity

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
簡
ふだ Grade: 6
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 簡 – see the following entry: ふだ

(The following entry is uncreated: ふだ.)

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Korean

Hanja

簡 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 簡 (giản, dẳng, dớn, giỡn, nhởn, dần, dẵng, giảm, giằn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.