胃

See also: 胄 and 冑

胃 U+80C3, 胃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80C3 ← 胂 [U+80C2] CJK Unified Ideographs 胄 → [U+80C4]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

胃 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 田月 (WB), four-corner 6022₇, composition ⿱田⺼)

Derived characters

• 喟, 㙕, 媦, 㥜, 渭, 猬, 煟, 䁌, 稩, 緭, 蝟, 謂 (谓), 䬑, 膚

Additional derived characters

• 𲐸, 𪞦, 𭘪, 𢔥, 𢯮, 𣉌, 𣖜, 𱯋, 𥚷, 𦝩, 𱴚, 𬔤, 𰯇, 𦩝, 𧳪, 𧼫, 𨩋, 𩋤, 𦡾, 𩤸, 𩨅, 𩹂, 𱈃, 𮍋
• 𫑤, 𲏷, 𫆿, 𠅥, 𦳢, 𭗞, 𱩸, 𤁿

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 977, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29348
• Dae Jaweon: page 1428, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2059, character 8
• Unihan data for U+80C3

Chinese

trad.		胃
simp. #		胃
alternative forms		𦛂 𦞅 𦝩 𦞽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 胃
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (胃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
喟	*kʰruːds, *kʰruds
胃	*ɢuds
謂	*ɢuds
媦	*ɢuds
蝟	*ɢuds
渭	*ɢuds
煟	*ɢuds
緭	*ɢuds

Pictogram (象形): a stomach with food inside, originally appearing as 𱕻. A semantic 肉 was added later to differentiate.

The bronze script form merely consisted of two concentric circles. An inner portion of the character was later added, namely a mutated form of the seal script character of 米 ("rice"), representing grains within the stomach (see also 鬯).

The character looked like 𦞅 in the small seal script. In the clerical script form, the upper component was simplified to the unrelated 田 as an instance of libian simplification.

The ancient form of the character can be seen within the lower component of 𦳊.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): wèi (wei⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei⁴

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): wēi

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai⁶

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): woi³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): vei⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): ui⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): vi

  (Hailu, HRS): vui^˖

  (Meixian, Guangdong): vi⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): vei³
• Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̄
• Eastern Min (BUC): ôi
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ui⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ūi / ui

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ui⁷

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ui³

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): wai⁶
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶we / ⁶ve / ⁶vi / ⁶wei / ⁶wai
  • (Jinhua): ⁶ui
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uei⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wèi
    • Wade–Giles: wei⁴
    • Yale: wèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wey
    • Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: wei⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei²¹³/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: wēi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wai⁶
    • Yale: waih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: wei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²²/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: woi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vɔi³²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: vei⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vei³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ui⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vi
    • Hakka Romanization System: vi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: vi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /vi⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: vui^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /vui³³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: vi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ʋi⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: vei³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /vei⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ôi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ui⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ūi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ui⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ūi
    • Tâi-lô: uī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ui
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ui⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ui³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ui²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ui
    • Tâi-lô: ui
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uy
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /ui³³/

Note:

• Quanzhou:
  • ui - vernacular;
  • ūi - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ui⁷
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ūi
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui¹¹/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: ui³
  • Sinological IPA: /ui²¹/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: wai⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /βəi²²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Suzhou, Kunshan, Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ⁶we
    • MiniDict: we^去
    • MiniDict: wie^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhue
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦue²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ɦuɪ¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦue²³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /ɦuei²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ɦue¹¹/
  • (Northern: Songjiang)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ve
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /βe¹³/
  • (Northern: Songjiang)
    • Wugniu: ⁶vi
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /βi¹³/
  • (Northern: Chongming, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ⁶wei
    • MiniDict: wei^去
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦuei³¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ɦui¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ɦuɐɪ¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /ɦuai¹³/
  • (Northern: Changzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶wai
    • MiniDict: wai^去
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɦuai²⁴/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ui
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /ui¹⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: uei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /u̯e̞i̯⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: hjw+jH

Rime
Character	胃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	于貴切
Baxter	hjw+jH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉiH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɨiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuəiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦujH/
Li Rong	/ɣiuəiH/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwəiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/we̯iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢuds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	胃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wèi
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwɨjH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[t]-s/
English	stomach
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	胃
Reading #	1/1
No.	12942
Phonetic component	胃
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	胃
Old Chinese	/*ɢuds/

Definitions

胃

1. stomach
2. gizzard of fowl
3. (～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Stomach Mansion (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)

Synonyms

• (stomach): (Sichuan) 胃子

Meronyms

• (stomach of a ruminant): 瘤胃 (liúwèi, “rumen”), 網胃／网胃 (wǎngwèi, “reticulum”), 瓣胃 (bànwèi, “omasum”), 皺胃／皱胃 (zhòuwèi, “abomasum”)

Compounds

• 不對胃口 / 不对胃口
• 倒胃 (dǎowèi)
• 倒胃口 (dǎo wèikǒu)
• 健胃
• 健胃劑 / 健胃剂
• 刮腸洗胃 / 刮肠洗胃
• 反胃 (fǎnwèi)
• 反芻胃 / 反刍胃
• 合胃口 (hé wèikǒu)
• 吊胃口 (diào wèikǒu)
• 對胃口 / 对胃口 (duì wèikǒu)
• 投脾胃
• 沒胃口 / 没胃口
• 洗胃 (xǐwèi)
• 湔浣腸胃 / 湔浣肠胃
• 滯胃 / 滞胃
• 瓣胃 (bànwèi)
• 瘤胃 (liúwèi)
• 皺胃 / 皱胃 (zhòuwèi)
• 網胃 / 网胃 (wǎngwèi)
• 羊胃羊頭 / 羊胃羊头
• 胃下垂 (wèixiàchuí)
• 胃口 (wèikǒu)
• 胃大彎 / 胃大弯 (wèidàwān)
• 胃小凹 (wèixiǎo'āo)
• 胃小彎 / 胃小弯 (wèixiǎowān)
• 胃底 (wèidǐ)
• 胃液 (wèiyè)
• 胃潰瘍 / 胃溃疡 (wèikuìyáng)
• 胃炎 (wèiyán)
• 胃病 (wèibìng)
• 胃癌 (wèi'ái)
• 胃穿孔 (wèichuānkǒng)
• 胃納 / 胃纳
• 胃脘
• 胃腺 (wèixiàn)
• 胃臟 / 胃脏
• 胃蛋白酶 (wèidànbáiméi)
• 胃輕癱 / 胃轻瘫 (wèiqīngtān)
• 胃酸 (wèisuān)
• 胃鏡 / 胃镜 (wèijìng)
• 胃鏡檢查 / 胃镜检查
• 脾胃 (píwèi)
• 腹胃
• 腸胃 / 肠胃 (chángwèi)
• 膩胃 / 腻胃
• 蜂巢胃 (fēngcháowèi)
• 蜂窩胃 / 蜂窝胃 (fēngwōwèi)
• 重瓣胃 (chóngbànwèi)
• 開胃 / 开胃 (kāiwèi)
• 飲灰洗胃 / 饮灰洗胃

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (胃):

• → Japanese: 胃(い) (i)
• → Korean: 위(胃) (wi)

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03311
• “胃”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

胃

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. stomach

Readings

• Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
• Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
胃
い Grade: 6
on'yomi

/wi/ → /i/

From Middle Chinese 胃 (MC hjw+jH).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [i]
• (Tokyo) い [ì] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

胃(い) • (i) ^{←ゐ (wi)?}

1. stomach

   Synonym: 胃袋 (ibukuro)

Proper noun

胃(い) • (I) ^{←ゐ (Wi)?}

1. (Chinese astronomy) Stomach Mansion (one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions)

   Synonym: 胃宿 (ekieboshi)

   Hypernyms: 二十八宿, 白虎

Affix

胃(い) • (i) ^{←ゐ (wi)?}

1. gastric; of or relating to the stomach

Derived terms

• 胃(い)液(えき) (ieki): gastric juice
• 胃(い)潰(かい)瘍(よう) (ikaiyō): gastric ulcer
• 胃(い)癌(がん) (igan): gastric cancer
• 胃(い)酸(さん) (isan): gastric acid
• 胃(い)腸(ちょう) (ichō): stomach and intestines

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 胃 (MC hjw+jH).

Historical readings
Dongguk Jeongun reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅌᅱᆼ〮 (Yale: ngwúy)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	야ᇰ〯 (Yale: yǎng)	위〮 (Yale: wúy)

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 위〯 (Yale: wǔy) in Gugeupgan'ibang (救急簡易方 / 구급간이방), 1489.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɥi] ~ [y]
• Phonetic hangul: [위]

Hanja

胃 (eumhun 위장(胃臟) 위 (wijang wi))

1. hanja form^? of 위 (“stomach”)

Compounds

• 비위 (脾胃, biwi)
• 위산 (胃酸, wisan)
• 위암 (胃癌, wiam)
• 위액 (胃液, wiaek)
• 위염 (胃炎, wiyeom)
• 위장 (胃腸, wijang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

胃: Hán Nôm readings: vị

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.