開花
See also: 开花
Chinese
open; operate (vehicle); start | flower; blossom; to spend flower; blossom; to spend; fancy pattern | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (開花) | 開 | 花 | |
simp. (开花) | 开 | 花 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi1 faa1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khôi-fâ
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khui-hoe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄞ ㄏㄨㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kaihua
- Wade–Giles: kʻai1-hua1
- Yale: kāi-hwā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaihua
- Palladius: кайхуа (kajxua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hoi1 faa1
- Yale: hōi fā
- Cantonese Pinyin: hoi1 faa1
- Guangdong Romanization: hoi1 fa1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔːi̯⁵⁵ faː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khôi-fâ
- Hakka Romanization System: koiˊ faˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: koi1 fa1
- Sinological IPA: /kʰoi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ fa²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
Verb
開花
- to blossom; to bloom; to flower
- 但有一個夢,不會死,記著吧!無論雨怎麼打,自由仍是會開花! [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
- From: (deprecated template usage) 周禮茂 (lyricist), (deprecated template usage) 《自由花》
- daan6 jau5 jat1 go3 mung6, bat1 wui5 sei2, gei3 zoek6 baa6! mou4 leon6 jyu5 zam2 mo1 daa2, zi6 jau4 jing4 si6 wui5 hoi1 faa1! [Jyutping]
- But there is a dream [which] does not die, remember it! No matter how [heavy] the rain is, freedom will still blossom!
但有一个梦,不会死,记着吧!无论雨怎么打,自由仍是会开花! [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
- (figurative) to burst; to split open; to break open
- (figurative) to burst with joy
- (figurative) to spread over; to spring up
Synonyms
Derived terms
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Descendants
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
開 | 花 |
かい Grade: 3 |
か Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese compound 開花/开花 (khoj xwæ, literally “to open + flower”). Compare modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Mandarin reading kāihuā.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- flowering, blossoming
- 今年は開花が早い。
- Kotoshi wa kaika ga hayai.
- This year's bloom was early.
- 今年は開花が早い。
- (by extension) showing results, bearing fruit, being successful
Verb
開花する • (kaika suru) intransitive suru (stem 開花し (kaika shi), past 開花した (kaika shita))
- to flower, to blossom, to bloom
- (by extension) to show results, to bear fruit, to be a success
Conjugation
Conjugation of "開花する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 開花し | かいかし | kaika shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 開花し | かいかし | kaika shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 開花する | かいかする | kaika suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 開花する | かいかする | kaika suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 開花すれ | かいかすれ | kaika sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 開花せよ¹ 開花しろ² |
かいかせよ¹ かいかしろ² |
kaika seyo¹ kaika shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 開花される | かいかされる | kaika sareru | |
Causative | 開花させる 開花さす |
かいかさせる かいかさす |
kaika saseru kaika sasu | |
Potential | 開花できる | かいかできる | kaika dekiru | |
Volitional | 開花しよう | かいかしよう | kaika shiyō | |
Negative | 開花しない | かいかしない | kaika shinai | |
Negative continuative | 開花せず | かいかせず | kaika sezu | |
Formal | 開花します | かいかします | kaika shimasu | |
Perfective | 開花した | かいかした | kaika shita | |
Conjunctive | 開花して | かいかして | kaika shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 開花すれば | かいかすれば | kaika sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Synonyms
- (bloom): 咲く (saku)
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 開
- Chinese terms spelled with 花
- Cantonese terms with quotations
- Japanese terms spelled with 開 read as かい
- Japanese terms spelled with 花 read as か
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with わ
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese suru verbs