鮓

See also: 鲊

鮓 U+9B93, 鮓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B93 ← 鮒 [U+9B92] CJK Unified Ideographs 鮔 → [U+9B94]

Translingual

Han character

鮓 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+5, 16 strokes, Cangjie input 弓火人尸 (NFOS), four-corner 2831₁, composition ⿰魚乍)

1. minced and salted fish
2. to preserve

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1468, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46076
• Dae Jaweon: page 2001, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4681, character 15
• Unihan data for U+9B93

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
作	*ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡ
鮓	*ʔsraːʔ
痄	*ʔsraːʔ
厏	*ʔsraːʔ, *zraːʔ
詐	*ʔsraːɡs
咋	*ʔsraːɡs, *zraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ
笮	*ʔsraːɡs, *zaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
榨	*ʔsraːɡs
炸	*ʔr'aːɡs, *zreːb
乍	*zraːɡs
拃	*ʔsraːnʔ
酢	*sʰaːɡs, *zaːɡ
祚	*zaːɡs
胙	*zaːɡs
阼	*zaːɡs
飵	*zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
秨	*zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
迮	*ʔsaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
柞	*ʔsaːɡ, *zaːɡ
昨	*zaːɡ
怍	*zaːɡ
砟	*zaːɡ
莋	*zaːɡ
岝	*zaːɡ, *zraːɡ
鈼	*zaːɡ
筰	*zaːɡ
葃	*zaːɡ, *zreːɡ, *zaɡ
舴	*ʔr'aːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
窄	*ʔsraːɡ
蚱	*ʔsraːɡ
齚	*zraːɡ
泎	*zraːɡ

Etymology 1

trad.		鮓
simp.		鲊
alternative forms		䱹／𬶣 鮺／鲝 𩻢

A cognate of 菹 (jū, “pickled vegetables”); both reconstruct to an Old Chinese root *tsra relating to preservation through lactic acid fermentation. Due to the southern geographical origins of rice-based fish fermentation in East Asia, this root is widely considered to be an ancient loan from an Austroasiatic substrate language.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhǎ (zha³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa² / zaa³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thē

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎ
    • Wade–Giles: cha³
    • Yale: jǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaa
    • Palladius: чжа (čža)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂä²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zaa² / zaa³
    • Yale: já / ja
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa² / dzaa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: za² / za³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saː³⁵/, /t͡saː³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thē
    • Tâi-lô: thē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: te
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tʰe²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰe⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰe²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tʰe³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰe³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsraeX

Rime
Character	鮓
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	側下切
Baxter	tsraeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃˠaX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂᵚaX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃaX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂaɨX/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃaX/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃaX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂaX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǎ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaa2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsraːʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鮓
Reading #	1/1
No.	16642
Phonetic component	乍
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	鮓
Old Chinese	/*ʔsraːʔ/
Notes	見釋名

Definitions

鮓

1. (historical) salted and fermented fish (traditionally preserved using rice or grain; the precursor to Japanese narezushi)
2. (by extension, regional) various pickled or fermented foods (such as vegetables or meat prepared with ground rice and salt)

Compounds

• 白鮓 / 白鲊
• 魚鮓 / 鱼鲊
• 鮓肉 / 鲊肉
• 鮓醬 / 鲊酱

Etymology 2

trad.		鮓
simp.		鲊
alternative forms		渣

Phonetic loan (借字 (jièzì)) for colloquial Cantonese zaa2, which is derived via a tone shift from 渣 (zaa1, “dregs, refuse”). This orthographic choice was likely reinforced by the negative connotations of the colloquial compound 揦鮓／揦鲊 (laa5 zaa2, “dirty, sloppy”).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa²

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zaa²
    • Yale: já
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa²
    • Guangdong Romanization: za²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saː³⁵/

Definitions

鮓

1. (Cantonese) of poor quality

   新買返嚟嗰件衫啲質地咁鮓嘅，著兩著就爛。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   新买返嚟嗰件衫啲质地咁鲊嘅，着两着就烂。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   san¹ maai⁵ faan¹ lai⁴ go² gin⁶ saam¹ di¹ zat¹ dei^6-2 gam³ zaa² ge², zoek³ loeng⁵ zoek³ zau⁶ laan⁶. [Jyutping]

   That newly-bought shirt is of such poor quality, it tore after two wearings.

   隔籬街間燒臘鋪賣嗰啲燒鵝好鮓，唔好去幫襯。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   隔篱街间烧腊铺卖嗰啲烧鹅好鲊，唔好去帮衬。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   gaak³ lei⁴ gaai¹ gaan¹ siu¹ laap⁶ pou^3-2 maai⁶ go² di¹ siu¹ ngo^4-2 hou² zaa², m⁴ hou² heoi³ bong¹ can³. [Jyutping]

   The roast goose sold by the roasted meats shop on the next street sucks. Don't patronise them.

Compounds

• 揦鮓 / 揦鲊

References

• “鮓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

鮓

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. sushi

Readings

• Go-on: しゃ (sha)
• Kan-on: さ (sa)
• Kun: すし (sushi, 鮓)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
鮓
すし Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 鮓 – see the following entry.

【寿司すし】 [noun] sushi: vinegared rice served with fish or vegetables, etc. Alternative spelling 鮨

(This term, 鮓, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

• “^▲鮓”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
• Doi, Tadao (1603–1604), Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
• Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938), Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

鮓 (eum 자 (ja))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鮓: Hán Nôm readings: chả, trả

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.