rennen
Dutch
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
A merger of two related verbs:
- Middle Dutch rinnen (“to flow, to run fast”), from Old Dutch *rinnan, from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną.
- Middle Dutch rennen (“to run/ride fast”), from Old Dutch *rennen, from Proto-Germanic *rannijaną.
Alternative forms
Verb
rennen
- (intransitive, about people or animals) to run, to move fast
- (intransitive, about fluids) to run, flow, stream
- (intransitive, about fluids) to flow together, combine, thicken
- (intransitive) to leak, seep through
Inflection
Conjugation of rennen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | rennen | |||
past singular | rende | |||
past participle | gerend | |||
infinitive | rennen | |||
gerund | rennen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | ren | rende | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | rent, ren2 | rende | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | rent | rende | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | rent | rende | ||
3rd person singular | rent | rende | ||
plural | rennen | renden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | renne | rende | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | rennen | renden | ||
imperative sing. | ren | |||
imperative plur.1 | rent | |||
participles | rennend | gerend | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Papiamentu: ren (dated)
Etymology 2
Noun
rennen
- (deprecated template usage) Plural form of ren
German
Etymology
From a merger of transitive / causative Old High German rennan (“to make something run or flow”) (from Proto-Germanic *rannijaną), and intransitive Old High German rinnan (“to run or flow”) (from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną). A similar development of merging roots can be seen in Dutch rennen and English run as well.
Pronunciation
Verb
rennen (irregular weak, third-person singular present rennt, past tense rannte, past participle gerannt, past subjunctive rennte, auxiliary haben or sein)
- (intransitive) to run; to race; to sprint (said of competing sportsmen, animals etc.) [auxiliary sein]
- So schnell wie Mike rennt niemand in der Klasse.
- In this class, nobody runs as fast as Mike.
- Der Gepard ist das Säugetier, welches am schnellsten rennen kann.
- The cheetah is the mammal which can run the fastest.
- (transitive) to run over (someone) [auxiliary haben]
- jemanden zu Boden rennen ― to run someone to the ground
Usage notes
Although laufen is used more frequently than rennen in the sense of to run, the latter is often used to describe running fast or to an excessive degree, like a hunting animal or a sprinter does.
- Die Sportler rannten alle sehr schnell. — The sportsmen all ran very fast. -but- Sie laufen, wie jeden Morgen, zu Fuß zur Schule. — They run (or jog) to school on foot, as they do every morning.
Conjugation
As a result of the merger of Old High German rinnan and rennan, the verb does follow the same ablaut-pattern as kennen but has regular endings in its preterite and past participle like other weak conjugated verbs.
infinitive | rennen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | rennend | ||||
past participle | gerannt | ||||
auxiliary | haben or sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich renne | wir rennen | i | ich renne | wir rennen |
du rennst | ihr rennt | du rennest | ihr rennet | ||
er rennt | sie rennen | er renne | sie rennen | ||
preterite | ich rannte | wir rannten | ii | ich rennte1 | wir rennten1 |
du ranntest | ihr ranntet | du renntest1 | ihr renntet1 | ||
er rannte | sie rannten | er rennte1 | sie rennten1 | ||
imperative | renn (du) renne (du) |
rennt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
- Rennen n
- Renner m
- Rennerei f
- herabrennen
- hinaufrennen
- nachrennen
- überrennen
- vorrennen
- wegrennen
- zurückrennen
See also
Further reading
- “rennen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “rennen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “rennen” in Duden online
- “rennen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Japanese
Romanization
rennen
Luxembourgish
Etymology
Cognate with German rennen, Dutch rennen, English run.
Pronunciation
Verb
rennen (third-person singular present rennt, past participle gerannt, auxiliary verb sinn)
- (intransitive) to run
Conjugation
Regular | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | rennen | |
participle | gerannt | |
auxiliary | sinn | |
present indicative |
imperative | |
1st singular | rennen | — |
2nd singular | renns | renn |
3rd singular | rennt | — |
1st plural | rennen | — |
2nd plural | rennt | rennt |
3rd plural | rennen | — |
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. |
Synonyms
- (to run): lafen
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English rinnan, with variants from irnan, iernan, from Proto-West Germanic *rinnan, from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to flow, run”).
Alternative forms
- renne, ren, rene, renen, reinen, reinnen, raine, rainen, runne, ronne, ronen, roun, ruine, herne
- rinne, rinnen, rin, rine, rinen (northern, northeast Midlands)
- erne, ernen, eorne, eornen, urne, urnen, uerne, hurnen (southern Midlands)
- eorne, eornen, urne, urnen, uerne, hurnen, irne, irnen, hirnen (southwest Midlands)
- heorne, eærne, earnæ (early southwest Midlands)
- eorne, eornen, urne, urnen, uerne, hurnen, irnen, hirnen (Early Middle English)
Verb
rennen (third-person singular simple present renneth, present participle renninge, first-/third-person singular past indicative ran, past participle runne)
- to run
Descendants
References
- “rennen, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
From Old English ærnan and Old Norse, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to cause to run, flow”). Compare Middle Dutch rennen (“to run, ride fast”).
Alternative forms
Verb
rennen (third-person singular simple present renneth, present participle rennende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rende)
- to ride (transport oneself on horseback) swiftly
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