lopen

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈloːpə(n)/

• audio (Netherlands)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lo‧pen
• Rhymes: -oːpən

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch lôpen, from Old Dutch lōpan, *loupan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to run”).

Alternative forms

• loopen (obsolete)

Verb

lopen

1. (intransitive, chiefly Belgium) to run, go fast on one's own legs

   Ik ben naar de stad gelopen.

   I ran to the city.

   Synonyms: hardlopen, hollen, rennen

2. (intransitive, chiefly Belgium) to run, cover distance, follow a track etc.

   Hij heeft daar veel gelopen.

   He did a lot of running there.

   Synonyms: hardlopen, hollen, rennen

3. (intransitive, chiefly Netherlands) to walk, go somewhere regardless of speed

   Ik ben naar de stad gelopen.

   I walked to the city.

   Synonyms: gaan, stappen, wandelen

4. (intransitive, chiefly Netherlands) to walk in general

   Hij heeft daar veel gelopen.

   He did a lot of walking there.

   Synonyms: gaan, stappen, wandelen

5. (intransitive) to stretch, to run (to extend in space or through a range) (often of relatively elongated objects or constructs)
6. (intransitive) to be current, activated, in progress

   De rechtzaak tegen de crimineel loopt al een tijdje.

   The lawsuit against the criminal has been in progress for a while already.

7. (intransitive) to be doing or functioning (well or poorly), to progress

   Zijn nieuwe project loopt goed.

   His new project is doing well.

8. (intransitive) to lose liquid: drip, gush, leak

   Synonyms: lekken, druppen

9. (auxiliary, with te) Forms a continuous aspect. Although it carries an implication of walking, this is vague and not emphasized.

   Wat loop jij daar te doen?

   What are you doing there?

Usage notes

In Flanders, the word usually means "to run", while in the Netherlands it usually means "to walk". An identical phrase will thus be interpreted differently depending on the area where the speaker comes from. In Netherlands, rennen is the common word for run.

Inflection

Inflection of lopen (strong class 7)
infinitive	lopen
past singular	liep
past participle	gelopen
infinitive	lopen
gerund	lopen n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	loop	liep
2nd person sing. (jij)	loopt	liep
2nd person sing. (u)	loopt	liep
2nd person sing. (gij)	loopt	liept
3rd person singular	loopt	liep
plural	lopen	liepen
subjunctive sing.1	lope	liepe
subjunctive plur.1	lopen	liepen
imperative sing.	loop
imperative plur.1	loopt
participles	lopend	gelopen
1) Archaic.

Derived terms

• geloop
• loops
• loper
• aflopen
• belopen
• doodlopen
• doorlopen
• hardlopen
• inlopen
• leeglopen
• meelopen
• nalopen
• omlopen
• onderlopen
• ontlopen
• oplopen
• overlopen
• rondlopen
• toelopen
• uitlopen
• uiteenlopen
• vastlopen
• verlopen
• vollopen
• loopjongen
• loopkat
• looppas
• looprek
• het op een lopen zetten
• lopen als een trein

 

Descendants

• Afrikaans: loop

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch loope, lopin (perhaps cognate with French), presumably a diminutive of loop (“jump”), cognate with Old English leap.

Alternative forms

• loope
• loop

Noun

lopen ? (uncountable, diminutive loopje n)

1. A dry measure of content
2. An apparently larger land measure

Derived terms

• loopzaad
• loopense

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

lopen

1. Plural form of loop

Anagrams

• Polen

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Finnish

(index lo)

Etymology

Singular instructive of now dialectal loppi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlopen/, [ˈlo̞pe̞n]
• Rhymes: -open
• Syllabification: lo‧pen

Adverb

lopen

1. altogether, to death

   Olen lopen kyllästynyt tähän paikkaan!

   I'm fed up to here with this place! / I'm sick to death of this place!

Noun

lopen

1. Genitive singular form of loppi.
2. Accusative singular form of loppi.

Anagrams

• pelon

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Low German

Alternative forms

• loupen (New Saxon Spelling)

Etymology

From Middle Low German lôpen, from Old Saxon hlōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną, from Proto-Indo-European *klewb- (“to spring, stumble”).

Cognate with Dutch lopen, German laufen (“to run”), West Frisian ljeppe, English leap, Danish løbe, Swedish löpa (“to run”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [loːpm̩]
• IPA^(key): [lɔʊ̯pm̩] ˈmerger of /oː/ and /ɔʊ̯/'

Verb

lopen (past singular leep, past participle lopen, auxiliary verb hebben, wesen)

1. to leap, run

Conjugation

Conjugation of lopen (class 7 strong verb)

infinitive	lopen
indicative	present	preterite
1st person singular	loop	leep
2nd person singular	löpps(t)	leeps(t)
3rd person singular	löpp(t)	leep
plural	loopt, loopen	lepen
imperative	present	—
singular	loop
plural	loopt
participle	present	past
	lopen	(e)lopen, gelopen
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch lōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to run”).

Verb

lôpen

1. to run (on foot)
2. to go, to run, to move
3. to run, to flow
4. to go, to stretch (of roads, rivers etc.)

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: lopen
  • Afrikaans: loop
• Limburgish: loupe

Further reading

• “lopen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “lopen (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

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Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon hlōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną.

Pronunciation

• (originally) IPA^(key): /lɔːpən/

Verb

lôpen

1. to run, to sprint, to hurry, to haste
2. to run, to flow
3. to run, to total, to amount to
4. to happen, to occur
5. to live, to spend one's life or time

Declension

Declined as a class 7 strong verb.

Descendants

• Low German: lopen

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Westrobothnian

Adjective

lopen

1. Soft, loose; of roads winter time when the thaw occurs.