جان

See also: خان

Arabic

Etymology 1

Derived from the active participle of جَنَى (janā, “to gather, to harvest; to commit a crime”), form the root ج ن ي (j-n-y).

Adjective

جَانٍ • (jānin) (informal جَانِي (jānī), feminine جَانِيَة (jāniya), masculine plural جُنَاة (junāh) or جَانُونَ (jānūna), feminine plural جَانِيَات (jāniyāt))

1. guilty, delinquent, criminal, flagrant, vicious, evil

Declension

Declension of adjective جَانٍ (jānin)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جَانِي jānī	الْجَانِي al-jānī	جَانِيَة jāniya	الْجَانِيَة al-jāniya
Nominative	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي al-jānī	جَانِيَةٌ jāniyatun	الْجَانِيَةُ al-jāniyatu
Accusative	جَانِيًا jāniyan	الْجَانِيَ al-jāniya	جَانِيَةً jāniyatan	الْجَانِيَةَ al-jāniyata
Genitive	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي al-jānī	جَانِيَةٍ jāniyatin	الْجَانِيَةِ al-jāniyati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جَانِيَيْن jāniyayn	الْجَانِيَيْن al-jāniyayn	جَانِيَتَيْن jāniyatayn	الْجَانِيَتَيْن al-jāniyatayn
Nominative	جَانِيَانِ jāniyāni	الْجَانِيَانِ al-jāniyāni	جَانِيَتَانِ jāniyatāni	الْجَانِيَتَانِ al-jāniyatāni
Accusative	جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni
Genitive	جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)‎; sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جُنَاة‎; جَانِين junāt‎; jānīn	الْجُنَاة‎; الْجَانِين al-junāt‎; al-jānīn	جَانِيَات jāniyāt	الْجَانِيَات al-jāniyāt
Nominative	جُنَاةٌ‎; جَانُونَ junātun‎; jānūna	الْجُنَاةُ‎; الْجَانُونَ al-junātu‎; al-jānūna	جَانِيَاتٌ jāniyātun	الْجَانِيَاتُ al-jāniyātu
Accusative	جُنَاةً‎; جَانِينَ junātan‎; jānīna	الْجُنَاةَ‎; الْجَانِينَ al-junāta‎; al-jānīna	جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti
Genitive	جُنَاةٍ‎; جَانِينَ junātin‎; jānīna	الْجُنَاةِ‎; الْجَانِينَ al-junāti‎; al-jānīna	جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti

Noun

جَانٍ • (jānin) m (construct state جَانِي (jānī), plural جَانُونَ (jānūna) or جُنَاة (junāh), feminine جَانِيَة (jāniya))

1. gatherer, harvester, harvestman, reaper
2. perpetrator, offender, delinquent, criminal, culprit, felon, evildoer

Declension

Declension of noun جَانٍ (jānin)

Singular	Masculine			Feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانِي jānī	الْجَانِي al-jānī	جَانِي jānī	جَانِيَة jāniya	الْجَانِيَة al-jāniya	جَانِيَة jāniyat
Nominative	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي al-jānī	جَانِي jānī	جَانِيَةٌ jāniyatun	الْجَانِيَةُ al-jāniyatu	جَانِيَةُ jāniyatu
Accusative	جَانِيًا jāniyan	الْجَانِيَ al-jāniya	جَانِيَ jāniya	جَانِيَةً jāniyatan	الْجَانِيَةَ al-jāniyata	جَانِيَةَ jāniyata
Genitive	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي al-jānī	جَانِي jānī	جَانِيَةٍ jāniyatin	الْجَانِيَةِ al-jāniyati	جَانِيَةِ jāniyati
Dual	Masculine			Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانِيَيْن jāniyayn	الْجَانِيَيْن al-jāniyayn	جَانِيَيْ jāniyay	جَانِيَتَيْن jāniyatayn	الْجَانِيَتَيْن al-jāniyatayn	جَانِيَتَيْ jāniyatay
Nominative	جَانِيَانِ jāniyāni	الْجَانِيَانِ al-jāniyāni	جَانِيَا jāniyā	جَانِيَتَانِ jāniyatāni	الْجَانِيَتَانِ al-jāniyatāni	جَانِيَتَا jāniyatā
Accusative	جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَيْ jāniyay	جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni	جَانِيَتَيْ jāniyatay
Genitive	جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَيْ jāniyay	جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni	جَانِيَتَيْ jāniyatay
Plural	Masculine			Feminine
	sound masculine plural‎; broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)			sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانِين‎; جُنَاة jānīn‎; junāt	الْجَانِين‎; الْجُنَاة al-jānīn‎; al-junāt	جَانِي‎; جُنَاة jānī‎; junāt	جَانِيَات jāniyāt	الْجَانِيَات al-jāniyāt	جَانِيَات jāniyāt
Nominative	جَانُونَ‎; جُنَاةٌ jānūna‎; junātun	الْجَانُونَ‎; الْجُنَاةُ al-jānūna‎; al-junātu	جَانُو‎; جُنَاةُ jānū‎; junātu	جَانِيَاتٌ jāniyātun	الْجَانِيَاتُ al-jāniyātu	جَانِيَاتُ jāniyātu
Accusative	جَانِينَ‎; جُنَاةً jānīna‎; junātan	الْجَانِينَ‎; الْجُنَاةَ al-jānīna‎; al-junāta	جَانِي‎; جُنَاةَ jānī‎; junāta	جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti	جَانِيَاتِ jāniyāti
Genitive	جَانِينَ‎; جُنَاةٍ jānīna‎; junātin	الْجَانِينَ‎; الْجُنَاةِ al-jānīna‎; al-junāti	جَانِي‎; جُنَاةِ jānī‎; junāti	جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti	جَانِيَاتِ jāniyāti

Etymology 2

Has the form derived from the active participle, as if from جَنَّ (janna, “to hide”) (in the passive جُنَّ (junna, “to go crazy”)), from the root ج ن ن (j-n-n).

Noun

جَانّ • (jānn) m (collective, plural جِنَّان (jinnān) or جَوَانّ (jawānn) or جِنّ (jinn) or جِنَّة (jinna))

1. jann, demon, the forefathers of the jinn.
2. the singular term of jinn (rare)
3. snake, serpent
4. a serpentine or a draconic type of jinn
5. an earth or a builder type of jinn

Declension

Declension of noun جَانّ (jānn)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانّ jānn	الْجَانّ al-jānn	جَانّ jānn
Nominative	جَانٌّ jānnun	الْجَانُّ al-jānnu	جَانُّ jānnu
Accusative	جَانًّا jānnan	الْجَانَّ al-jānna	جَانَّ jānna
Genitive	جَانٍّ jānnin	الْجَانِّ al-jānni	جَانِّ jānni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانَّيْن jānnayn	الْجَانَّيْن al-jānnayn	جَانَّيْ jānnay
Nominative	جَانَّانِ jānnāni	الْجَانَّانِ al-jānnāni	جَانَّا jānnā
Accusative	جَانَّيْنِ jānnayni	الْجَانَّيْنِ al-jānnayni	جَانَّيْ jānnay
Genitive	جَانَّيْنِ jānnayni	الْجَانَّيْنِ al-jānnayni	جَانَّيْ jānnay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; basic broken plural diptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جِنَّان‎; جَوَانّ‎; جِنّ‎; جِنَّة jinnān‎; jawānn‎; jinn‎; jinna	الْجِنَّان‎; الْجَوَانّ‎; الْجِنّ‎; الْجِنَّة al-jinnān‎; al-jawānn‎; al-jinn‎; al-jinna	جِنَّان‎; جَوَانّ‎; جِنّ‎; جِنَّة jinnān‎; jawānn‎; jinn‎; jinnat
Nominative	جِنَّانٌ‎; جَوَانُّ‎; جِنٌّ‎; جِنَّةٌ jinnānun‎; jawānnu‎; jinnun‎; jinnatun	الْجِنَّانُ‎; الْجَوَانُّ‎; الْجِنُّ‎; الْجِنَّةُ al-jinnānu‎; al-jawānnu‎; al-jinnu‎; al-jinnatu	جِنَّانُ‎; جَوَانُّ‎; جِنُّ‎; جِنَّةُ jinnānu‎; jawānnu‎; jinnu‎; jinnatu
Accusative	جِنَّانًا‎; جَوَانَّ‎; جِنًّا‎; جِنَّةً jinnānan‎; jawānna‎; jinnan‎; jinnatan	الْجِنَّانَ‎; الْجَوَانَّ‎; الْجِنَّ‎; الْجِنَّةَ al-jinnāna‎; al-jawānna‎; al-jinna‎; al-jinnata	جِنَّانَ‎; جَوَانَّ‎; جِنَّ‎; جِنَّةَ jinnāna‎; jawānna‎; jinna‎; jinnata
Genitive	جِنَّانٍ‎; جَوَانَّ‎; جِنٍّ‎; جِنَّةٍ jinnānin‎; jawānna‎; jinnin‎; jinnatin	الْجِنَّانِ‎; الْجَوَانِّ‎; الْجِنِّ‎; الْجِنَّةِ al-jinnāni‎; al-jawānni‎; al-jinni‎; al-jinnati	جِنَّانِ‎; جَوَانِّ‎; جِنِّ‎; جِنَّةِ jinnāni‎; jawānni‎; jinni‎; jinnati

Related terms

• جِنّ (jinn, “jinn”)
• نَسْنَاس (nasnās, “nasnas”)
• غُول (ḡūl, “ghoul”)

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Azerbaijani

Noun

جان (can) (definite accusative جانێ (canı), plural جانلار (canlar))

1. Arabic spelling of can (“life, soul”)

Declension

Declension of جان

	singular	plural
nominative	جان	جانلار
definite accusative	جانێ	جانلارێ
dative	جانا	جانلارا
locative	جاندا	جانلاردا
ablative	جاندان	جانلاردان
definite genitive	جانێن	جانلارێن

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian جان (jân, “soul, vital spirit, life”).

Noun

جان • (can)

1. soul
2. being
3. life
4. heart
5. darling

Descendants

• Turkish: can
• Albanian: xhan
• Macedonian: џан (džan)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: џан

  Latin script: džan

Suffix

جان • (can)

1. Suffix expressing intimacy, roughly equivalent to dear or darling, attached to a name or title

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Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (HYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (yʾn'), 𐫃𐫏𐫀𐫗 (gyʾn /⁠gyān⁠/, “soul, ghost”), from Proto-Iranian *wyaHnáH (equivalent to*wi- + *HanH- (“to breathe”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wyaHnás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”), whence, for example, Latin animus.

Cognate with Northern Kurdish giyan, Central Kurdish گیان (gyan), Southern Kurdish گیان (gyan), Lishana Deni גיאנא, Avestan 𐬬𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁 (viiānaiiā), Sanskrit व्यान (vyāná).

Alternative forms

• جون (jun)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ân

Readings
Classical reading?	j
Dari reading?	j
Iranian reading?	j
Tajik reading?	j

Noun

جان • (jân) (plural جان‌ها (jân-hâ))

Dari	جان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ҷон

1. soul

   جان خود را از دست دادن ― jân-e xod râ az dast dâdan ― to lose one's life, to pass away

2. being
3. life

Suffix

جان • (jân)

1. Suffix expressing intimacy, roughly equivalent to dear or darling, attached to a name or title.

Interjection

1. exclamation of joy, pleasure

Derived terms

• آخ جان! (âx jân), آخ جون! (âx jun)

Descendants

Descendants of جان

• → Middle Armenian: ջան (ǰan)
  • → Armenian: ջան (ǰan), ճան (čan) — Western Armenian
    • → Russian: джан (džan)
• → Azerbaijani: can
• → Bashkir: йән (yən)
• → Chuvash: чун (čun)
• → Georgian: ჯანი (ǯani)
• Hindustani:

  → Hindi: जान (jān)

  → Urdu: جان (jān)

• → Bengali: জান (jan)
• → Kazakh: жан (jan)
• Kurdish:

  → Central Kurdish: جان (can)

  → Northern Kurdish: can

• → Kyrgyz: жан (jan)
• → Ottoman Turkish: جان (can)
  • Turkish: can
  • Albanian: xhan
  • Macedonian: џан (džan)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: џан

    Latin script: džan

• → Pashto: جان (ǰān)
• → Sindhi: جان (jān)
• → Tatar: җан (can)
• → Old Azari: جان (ǰān)
• → Turkmen: jan
• → Uyghur: جان (jan)
• → Uzbek: jon

References

• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English John.

Proper noun

جان • (jân)

1. a male given name, John, from English

   جان کری ― jân keri ― John Kerry

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Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian جان (jān).

Noun

جان • (jān) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਜਾਨ)

1. life

   Synonyms: زندگی (zndgī), جیون (jeyon), جندڑی (jndṛī), حیات (ḥeyāt)

2. soul

   Synonyms: آتما (ātmā), روح (roḥ)

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Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian جان (jân).

Noun

جان • (jān)

1. life; soul

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Urdu

Etymology

From Persian جان (jān).

Noun

جان • (jān) f (Hindi spelling जान)

1. life, soul
2. spirit, vitality

Declension

Declension of جان
	singular	plural
direct	جان (jān)	جانیں (jānẽ)
oblique	جان (jān)	جانوں (jānõ)
vocative	جان (jān)	جانو (jāno)

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Uyghur

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian جان (jân, “soul, vital spirit, life”).

Noun

جان • (jan)

1. soul
2. spirit
3. life

   جېنىم ― jénim ― my dear

4. person
5. dear

   جان ئانا ― jan ana ― my dear mother