babka

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See also: babką and bábka

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From a Slavic language likely via Yiddish באַבקע (babke). Compare baba, in the sense of "rum soaked cake".

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka (plural babkas)

  1. A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.

Translations

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Anagrams

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Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka f

  1. (informal) old woman
    Synonym: stařena
  2. the mushroom Xerocomellus chrysenteron
    Synonym: hřib žlutomasý

Declension

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Declension of babka (hard feminine reducible)
singular plural
nominative babka babky
genitive babky babek
dative babce babkám
accusative babku babky
vocative babko babky
locative babce babkách
instrumental babkou babkami
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Further reading

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  • “babka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
  • “babka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “babka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English babka, most likely from Yiddish באַבקע (babke), from Slavic.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbap.ka/
  • Rhymes: -ka, -a
  • Hyphenation: bab‧ka

Noun

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babka (plural babka-babka, first-person possessive babkaku, second-person possessive babkamu, third-person possessive babkanya)

  1. (cooking) babka: a Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins.

Further reading

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Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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baba +‎ -ka.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka f pers

  1. diminutive of baba (“midwife, old woman, woman”)
  2. midwife

Declension

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Declension of babka
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative babka babce babki
Genitive babki babkowu babkow
Dative babce babkoma babkam
Accusative babku babce babki
Instrumental babku babkoma babkami
Locative babce babkoma babkach

Noun

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babka f inan

  1. diminutive of baba (“sponge cake”)

Declension

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Declension of babka
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative babka babce babki
Genitive babki babkowu babkow
Dative babce babkoma babkam
Accusative babku babce babki
Instrumental babku babkoma babkami
Locative babce babkoma babkach

Further reading

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  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “babka”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “babka”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *babъka. By surface analysis, baba +‎ -ka. First attested in the second half of the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ba(ː)pka/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /bapka/, /bɒpka/

Noun

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babka f

  1. (attested in Greater Poland) diminutive of baba (“grandma, parent's mother”)
    • 1902 [1407], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego‎[1], volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 323:
      Byesdrowsco przipadlo na Lesczinø babkø
      [Biezdrowsko przypadło na Leszczynę babkę]
  2. (attested in Lesser Poland) diminutive of baba (“midwife”)
  3. (attested in Greater Poland, in the plural, astronomy) diminutive of baba (“Pleiades”)
    • 1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490‎[3], Lubiń, page 1:
      Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. bapky
      [Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. babki]
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 102r:
      Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. bapky quoddam signum celeste
      [Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. babki quoddam signum celeste]
  4. plantain; greater plantain (Plantago major)
    • 1900 [1419], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2‎[4], number 5040:
      Babka arnoglossa, plantago maior
      [Babka arnoglossa, plantago maior]
    • 1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 188r:
      Plantago […] est quedam herba multum vtilis Et dicitur a planta eo quod adheret terre vlg. babka
      [Plantago […] est quedam herba multum vtilis Et dicitur a planta eo quod adheret terre vlg. babka]
    • XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski I, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.XVI.33, page 8:
      Plantago babka
      [Plantago babka]
    • 1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 40v:
      Citharia est quedam herba que alio nomine dicitur plantago babka
      [Citharia est quedam herba que alio nomine dicitur plantago babka]
    • XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski IV, esarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.F.ch.I.401, page 11:
      Citaria babka
      [Citaria babka]
    1. ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata)
      • 1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2‎[5], number 2456:
        Babka arnoglossa, plantago minor
        [Babka arnoglossa, plantago minor]
    2. hoary plantain, Plantago media
      • 1900 [1419], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2‎[6], number 5042:
        Kosmata babka auriculus leporis, plantago media
        [Kosmata babka auriculus leporis, plantago media]
    3. (attested in Greater Poland, Southern Borderlands) The meaning of this term is uncertain.

Descendants

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  • Masurian: bábkä
  • Polish: babka
  • Silesian: babka

References

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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
babka

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish babka. By surface analysis, baba +‎ -ka.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka f (diminutive babeczka)

  1. diminutive of baba
  2. grandmother
    Synonyms: baba, babcia, babunia
  3. (colloquial) woman
    Synonyms: babeczka, kobieta
  4. (historical) medicine woman
  5. babka (type of cake)
  6. sandcastle
  7. plantain (any plant of the genus Plantago)
  8. goby (any of various small fish from the large family Gobiidae)
  9. (obsolete) diminutive of baba (“beggar”)
  10. (obsolete, agriculture) mound of several sheaves of grain placed in a field
  11. (obsolete) type of edible mushroom
  12. (obsolete, mining) stone closing the entrance to the mine
  13. (obsolete, forging) stone used to close a blast furnace acting as a furnace door
  14. (obsolete, engineering) hammer with the same head on both sides
  15. (obsolete, forging) anvil for bending padlock shackles
  16. (obsolete, forging) small anvil used for tapping a scythe
  17. (obsolete) goby (any of various small fish from the large family Gobiidae)
  18. (obsolete) dragonfly
    Synonym: ważka
  19. (obsolete) small cannon
    Synonym: armatka
  20. (obsolete) type of old, small Polish currency
  21. (obsolete) die used in a particular children's game
  22. (Middle Polish) midwife
    Synonym: akuszerka
  23. (Middle Polish) blind man's buff

Declension

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Declension of babka
singular plural
nominative babka babki
genitive babki babek
dative babce babkom
accusative babkę babki
instrumental babką babkami
locative babce babkach
vocative babko babki

Derived terms

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adjectives
nouns
phrases

Further reading

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  • babka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • babka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “babka”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Paweł Kupiszewski (19.12.2018) “BABKA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 78
  • babka in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Silesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish ka. By surface analysis, baba +‎ -ka.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbapka/
  • Rhymes: -apka
  • Syllabification: bab‧ka

Noun

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babka f

  1. diminutive of baba
  2. common woodlouse, Porcellio scaber
  3. (forging) small anvil for striking a scythe or a sickle
    Synonym: baba
  4. village midwife
    Synonym: babica
  5. babka (type of cake)
  6. common pear, (Pyrus communis)
    Synonym: baba
  7. (agriculture) last sheaf gathered during a harvest
  8. blind man's buff

Further reading

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  • babka in silling.org
  • Bogdan Kallus (2020) “babka”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 234
  • Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “babka”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 62
  • Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “babka”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 32
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