som

See also: Som, SOM, söm, sớm, -som, som', Som., and Appendix:Variations of "som"

English

Etymology 1

From Kyrgyz сом (som) and Uzbek сўм (soʻm) (Cyrillic) / soʻm (Roman), both of which come from the Turkic root *som ("pure [gold]").

Noun

som (plural soms)

1. The currency of Uzbekistan.
2. The currency of Kyrgyzstan.

Alternative forms

• sum
• soum

Translations

national currency of Uzbekistan

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 索姆 (suǒmǔ)

• Kazakh: сом (som)
• Kyrgyz: сом (ky) (som)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Russian: сом (ru) m (som)
• Uzbek: soʻm (uz)

  Cyrillic: сўм (soʻm)

national currency of Kyrgyzstan

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 索姆 (suǒmǔ)

• Kazakh: сом (som)
• Kyrgyz: сом (ky) (som)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Russian: сом (ru) m (som)
• Uzbek: soʻm (uz)

  Cyrillic: сўм (soʻm)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

som

1. Obsolete spelling of some

Determiner

som

1. Obsolete spelling of some

Anagrams

• MOS, OMS, SMO, mos, mos', oms, osm

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Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [ˈsom]

Adjective

som (feminine soma, masculine plural soms, feminine plural somes)

1. shallow

Verb

som

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Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *somъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsom]

Noun

1. archaic form of sumec

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Danish

Conjunction

som

1. as (in the same way that)
2. like
3. such as
4. for

Pronoun

som

1. (relative) who, which, that

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔm/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

som f (plural sommen, diminutive sommetje n)

1. sum

Anagrams

• mos

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Hungarian

Etymology

From a Turkic language, compare Turkmen çüm (“cornel”), Kumyk чум (čum, “berry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃom]
• Hyphenation: som

Noun

som (plural somok)

1. cornel

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	som	somok
accusative	somot	somokat
dative	somnak	somoknak
instrumental	sommal	somokkal
causal-final	somért	somokért
translative	sommá	somokká
terminative	somig	somokig
essive-formal	somként	somokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	somban	somokban
superessive	somon	somokon
adessive	somnál	somoknál
illative	somba	somokba
sublative	somra	somokra
allative	somhoz	somokhoz
elative	somból	somokból
delative	somról	somokról
ablative	somtól	somoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	somé	somoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	soméi	somokéi

Possessive forms of som
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	somom	somjaim
2nd person sing.	somod	somjaid
3rd person sing.	somja	somjai
1st person plural	somunk	somjaink
2nd person plural	somotok	somjaitok
3rd person plural	somjuk	somjaik

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Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔm/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *sòmъ; cognate with Russian сом (som), Old Polish som, Old Czech som, Polabian såm.

Noun

som m ?

1. catfish (fish of the order Siluriformes)

Declension

Declension of som

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	som	soma	somy
Genitive	soma	somowu	somow
Dative	somoju	somoma	somam
Accusative	som	soma	somy
Instrumental	somom	somoma	somami
Locative	somje	somoma	somach

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “som”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “som”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

som

1. first-person singular present of byś

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch sum, from Proto-Germanic *sumaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /som/

Determiner

som

1. some

Inflection

This determiner needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Limburgish: zóm

Further reading

• “som”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “som (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

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Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔm/

Conjunction

som

1. as; similar to, in the same way that

Derived terms

• ettersom

Pronoun

som

1. (reflexive) who, which

Preposition

som

1. as; to the same extent or degree that

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse sem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔmː/

Conjunction

som

1. as

   Han jobbar som kelner.

   He is working as a waiter.

Derived terms

• ettersom

Pronoun

som

1. (reflexive) who, which, that

   Dette er bilen som eg kjøpte.

   This is the car that I bought.

   Det var den mannen som kom.

   That was the man who came.

Etymology 2

From Old Norse sumr. Akin to English some.

Alternative forms

• sum (now nonstandard)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sʊmː/

Pronoun

som m (feminine som, neuter somt, plural somme)

1. some

   Somt av det er nytt, resten er gamalt.

   Some of it is new, the rest is old.

References

• “som” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese son (probably influenced by or possibly borrowed from Old Occitan son), sõo, from Latin sonus. Alternatively, regressively derived from the verb soar. Compare Galician and Spanish son.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsõ/
• Hyphenation: som
• Rhymes: -õ

Noun

som m (plural sons)

1. sound

Related terms

• soar

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:som.

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Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sôm/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *somъ.

Noun

sȍm m (Cyrillic spelling со̏м)

1. catfish

Declension

Declension of som

	singular	plural
nominative	sȍm	sòmovi
genitive	soma	somova
dative	somu	somovima
accusative	soma	somove
vocative	some	somovi
locative	somu	somovima
instrumental	somom	somovima

Etymology 2

The origins of this term are unclear. Possibly because som (catfish) is a big fish. Others believe it is due to the 1000 dinar banknotes of 1955, on which the person depicted appears to have two fish eyes (instead of welding goggles) on his head.

Noun

sȍm m (Cyrillic spelling со̏м)

1. (colloquial) grand (a thousand of something, especially but not only money)

   dva soma ― two grand

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Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɔm/

Verb

som

1. first-person singular present of byť

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish som or sum, in Runic inscriptions also sim, same as Icelandic sem, from Old Norse sem, from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”), also related to the prefix sam- (“co-, common, together”) and suffix -sam (“-some, -like”). Still in the Poetic Edda, the Icelandic sem is only used as a comparative particle, e.g. Hávamál 23 allt er víl sem var (And his woe is just as it was). With time it has displaced other relative conjunctions (es, er). Its use as a pronoun is of a later date.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔm/

• audio

  (file)

Conjunction

som

1. as, like; similar to

   Flitig som ett bi.

   Busy as a bee.

   Hon lät som en häst.

   She sounded like a horse.

2. as; in the same way that

   Som du önskar.

   As you wish.

Derived terms

• lugn som en filbunke
• som man bäddar får man ligga

Pronoun

som

1. (relative) who, which, that

   Det var hon som gjorde det.

   She is the one who did it.

   Det där är stenen som kraschade rutan.

   That’s the stone that broke the window.

2. as; to the same extent or degree that

   Du är inte lika lång som jag är.

   You are not as tall as I am.

   Du är inte lika lång som jag.

   You are not as tall as me.

References

• som in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

• Mos., mos

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Turkish

Alternative forms

• somon

Etymology

From French saumon.

Noun

som (definite accusative somu, plural somlar)

1. salmon

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	som
Definite accusative	somu
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	som	somlar
Definite accusative	somu	somları
Dative	soma	somlara
Locative	somda	somlarda
Ablative	somdan	somlardan
Genitive	somun	somların