spare
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈspɛə(ɹ)/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈspɛəɹ/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Etymology 1
From Middle English spare, spar, from Old English spær (“sparing, scant”), from Proto-Germanic *sparaz (compare with Dutch spaar(zaam), German spar(sam) and spär(lich), Swedish spar(sam), Icelandic sparr (“sparing”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (compare Latin (pro)sperus (“lucky”), Old Church Slavonic споръ (sporŭ, “plentiful”), Albanian shperr (“earn money”), Persian سپار (sepār, “entrust; deposit”), Ancient Greek σπαρνός (sparnós, “rare”), Sanskrit स्फिर (sphirá, “thick”)).
Adjective
spare (comparative sparer, superlative sparest)
- Scanty; not abundant or plentiful.
- a spare diet
- 2012 May 24, Nathan Rabin, “Film: Reviews: Men In Black 3”, in The Onion AV Club[1]:
- Jones’ sad eyes betray a pervasive pain his purposefully spare dialogue only hints at, while the perfectly cast Brolin conveys hints of playfulness and warmth while staying true to the craggy stoicism at the character’s core.
- Sparing; frugal; parsimonious; chary.
- (Can we date this quote by Carew and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- He was spare, but discreet of speech.
- 2009 April 12, Phil Patton, “At VW, the Italian Accent Gets Stronger”, in New York Times[2]:
- Under Hartmut Warkuss, its design director until 2003, Volkswagen styling celebrated its Teutonic origins and the spare modernist tradition expressed in Braun radios and coffee makers, reference points for the neomodern simplicity of the iPod.
- (Can we date this quote by Carew and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- Being over and above what is necessary, or what must be used or reserved; not wanted, or not used; superfluous.
- I have no spare time.
- (Can we date this quote by Spenser and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- if that no spare clothes he had to give
- Held in reserve, to be used in an emergency.
- a spare anchor; a spare bed or room
- Lean; wanting flesh; meager; thin; gaunt.
- 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
- O, give me the spare men, and spare me the great ones.
- (UK, informal) Very angry; frustrated or distraught.
- When he found out that someone had broken the window, he went spare.
- The poor girl is going spare, stuck in the house all day with the kids like that.
- 2006, Tate Hallaway, Tall, Dark & Dead:
- “That'll drive him spare.”
- 2013, David Ovason, The Zelator:
- My grandfather (unaware that he was using antique terms) would often say ruefully that I would drive him spare. The idea was that my behaviour would so dement him as to drive him berserk.
- (obsolete, UK, dialect) Slow.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Grose to this entry?)
Derived terms
Translations
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Noun
spare (plural spares)
- The act of sparing; moderation; restraint.
- (Can we date this quote by Holland and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- Killing for sacrifice, without any spare.
- (Can we date this quote by Holland and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- Parsimony; frugal use.
- (Can we date this quote by Spenser and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- Poured out their plenty without spite or spare.
- (Can we date this quote by Spenser and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- An opening in a petticoat or gown; a placket.
- That which has not been used or expended.
- A spare part, especially a spare tire.
- A superfluous or second-best person, specially (in a dynastic context) in the phrase "An heir and a spare".
- (bowling) The right of bowling again at a full set of pins, after having knocked all the pins down in less than three bowls. If all the pins are knocked down in one bowl it is a double spare; in two bowls, a single spare.
- (bowling) The act of knocking down all remaining pins in second ball of a frame; this entitles the pins knocked down on the next ball to be added to the score for that frame.
- (Canada) A free period; a block of school during which one does not have a class.
- 2010, Sandra Rinomato, Realty Check: Real Estate Secrets for First-Time Canadian Home Buyers:
- I also remember watching David Letterman's short-lived morning show on TV when I had a spare during my school schedule.
Etymology 2
From Middle English sparen, sparien, from Old English sparian (“to spare, show mercy to, refrain from injuring or destroying”), from Proto-Germanic *sparōną, *sparjaną (“to save, keep, spare”), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to be productive, earn”). Cognate with Scots spar, spare, spair (“to spare”), West Frisian sparje (“to save, spare”), Dutch sparen (“to save, spare”), German sparen (“to save, conserve, economise”), Swedish spara (“to save, save up”), Icelandic spara (“to save, conserve”).
Verb
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- To show mercy.
- (intransitive) To desist; to stop; to refrain.
- (intransitive) To refrain from inflicting harm; to use mercy or forbearance.
- (transitive) To preserve from danger or punishment; to forbear to punish, injure, or harm; to show mercy.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 6:34:
- For jealousy is the rage of a man: therefore he will not spare in the day of vengeance.
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- Kill me, if you please, or spare me.
- 2012 August 21, Ed Pilkington, “Death penalty on trial: should Reggie Clemons live or die?”, in The Guardian:
- Reggie Clemons has one last chance to save his life. After 19 years on death row in Missouri for the murder of two young women, he has been granted a final opportunity to persuade a judge that he should be spared execution by lethal injection.
- To keep.
- (intransitive) To be frugal; not to be profuse; to live frugally; to be parsimonious.
- 1737, Alexander Pope, The Second Epistle of the Second Book of Horace, Imitated by Mr. Pope:
- I, who at some times spend, at others spare, / Divided between carelessness and care.
- (transitive) To keep to oneself; to forbear to impart or give.
- Spare the rod and spoil the child.
- 1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
- Thou that day / Thy Father's dreadful thunder didst not spare
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 17:27:
- He that hath knowledge, spareth his words: and a man of understanding is of an excellent spirit.
- (transitive) To save or gain, as by frugality; to reserve, as from some occupation, use, or duty.
- 1610, Richard Knolles, The Generall Historie of the Turkes, from the First Beginning of that Nation[3], page 580:
- All the time he could spare from the necessary cares of his weighty charge, from assaults, and the naturall refreshing of his body, be bestowed in praier and seruing of God
- (intransitive) To be frugal; not to be profuse; to live frugally; to be parsimonious.
- (transitive) (to give up): To deprive oneself of, as by being frugal; to do without; to dispense with; to give up; to part with.
- a. 1779 Earl of Roscommon, “The Twenty-second Ode of the First Book of Horace”:
- Where angry Jove did never spare / One breath of kind and temperate air.
- c. 1597 William Shakespeare, The History of Henry the Fourth (Part 1), Act V, scene iv:
- Poor Jack, farewell! / I could have better spared a better man
- 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 22, in The Mirror and the Lamp:
- Not unnaturally, “Auntie” took this communication in bad part. […] Next day she […] tried to recover her ward by the hair of the head. Then, thwarted, the wretched creature went to the police for help; she was versed in the law, and had perhaps spared no pains to keep on good terms with the local constabulary.
- a. 1779 Earl of Roscommon, “The Twenty-second Ode of the First Book of Horace”:
Translations
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Anagrams
- Asper, Earps, Pears, Peras, RESPA, Rapes, Spear, Spera, apers, apres, après, aprés, as per, asper, pares, parse, pears, prase, presa, præs., rapes, reaps, sarpe, spear
Danish
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
spare c (singular definite sparen, plural indefinite spare or spares)
Inflection
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Verb
spare (imperative spar, infinitive at spare, present tense sparer, past tense sparede, perfect tense er/har sparet)
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
spare
French
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
spare m (plural spares)
- A fish of the superorder Acanthopterygii
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
spare m (plural spares)
Related terms
German
Verb
spare
- (deprecated template usage) First-person singular present of sparen.
- (deprecated template usage) First-person singular subjunctive I of sparen.
- (deprecated template usage) Third-person singular subjunctive I of sparen.
- (deprecated template usage) Imperative singular of sparen.
Italian
Verb
spare
Anagrams
Latin
Noun
(deprecated template usage) spare
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Verb
spare (imperative spar, present tense sparer, passive spares, simple past sparte, past participle spart, present participle sparende)
- to save
Derived terms
References
- “spare” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with quotations
- Requests for date/Carew
- Requests for date/Spenser
- British English
- English informal terms
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English dialectal terms
- Requests for quotations/Grose
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- Requests for date/Holland
- en:Bowling
- Canadian English
- English intransitive verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with usage examples
- Danish terms derived from English
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- da:Bowling
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish verbs
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- French terms derived from English
- fr:Bowling
- German non-lemma forms
- German verb forms
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin noun forms
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål verbs