泣

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泣 U+6CE3, 泣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CE3
← 波
[U+6CE2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 泤 →
[U+6CE4]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

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泣 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水卜廿 (EYT), four-corner 30118, composition ⿰氵立)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 617, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17309
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1593, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6CE3

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 泣

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 泣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (立) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涖 *rɯːbs, *rɯbs
莅 *rɯbs, *rɯbs
蒞 *rɯbs
位 *ɢʷrɯbs
拉 *ruːb
菈 *ruːb
颯 *sluːb
立 *rɯb
粒 *rɯb
笠 *ɡ·rɯb
砬 *rɯb
岦 *rɯb
苙 *ɡ·rɯb, *ɡrɯb
鴗 *rɯb
雴 *r̥ʰɯb
泣 *kʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰrɯb) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 立 (OC *rɯb). The character originally meant "tears," and by extension, it came to represent the act of "crying."[1]

References

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  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“to weep”); cognate with Tibetan ཁྲབ་ཁྲབ (khrab khrab, “weeper”) (STEDT; Mei, 1980b; Coblin, 1986; Baxter, 1995; Schuessler, 2007).

Often thought to be related to 淚 (OC *ruds, “tears”) (Mei, 1980b; Baxter and Sagart, 2014), but see there for more.

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 泣
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰi³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰji²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Wuhan /ɕi²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ɕi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /kʰip̚¹/
Taoyuan /kʰip̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐp̚⁵/
Nanning /jep̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐp̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰip̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰɛiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kʰi²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰip̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /li³⁵/
Rime
Character 泣
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 緝 (142)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去急切
Baxter khip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰˠiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰᵚip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰiep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰjip̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰjəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hap1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 泣
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khip ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k-r̥əp/
English weep

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 泣
Reading # 1/1
No. 7877
Phonetic
component 		立
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰrɯb/

Definitions

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泣

  1. to weep; to sob (especially silently or quietly)
  2. tears
Synonyms
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  • (to weep):
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Dialectal synonyms of 哭 (“to cry; to weep”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 泣, 哭
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 哭, 哭泣
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 哭
Taiwan 哭
Harbin 哭, 哭鼻子 humorous
Malaysia 哭
Singapore 哭
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 哭
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 哭
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 哭
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 哭
Wanrong 哭
Xi'an 哭
Xining 哭
Xuzhou 哭
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 哭
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 哭, 哭鼻子
Lanzhou 哭
Ürümqi 哭
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 哭
Wuhan 哭
Guiyang 哭
Guilin 哭
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 哭, 哭鼻子 humorous
Yangzhou 哭
Hefei 哭
Cantonese Guangzhou 喊
Hong Kong 喊
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 哭
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 哭
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 哭
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 哭
Macau 喊
Guangzhou (Panyu) 喊
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 叫
Guangzhou (Conghua) 哭
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 哭
Foshan 喊
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 喊
Foshan (Shunde) 喊
Foshan (Sanshui) 喊
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 喊
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 喊
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 哭
Zhuhai (Doumen) 哭
Jiangmen (Baisha) 哭
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 哭
Taishan 哭
Kaiping (Chikan) 哭
Enping (Niujiang) 哭
Heshan (Yayao) 哭
Dongguan 哭
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 哭, 喊
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 哭
Yangjiang 哭
Nanning 哭
Beihai 哭
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 哭
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 哭
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 哭
Danzhou 哭
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 喊
Penang (Guangfu) 喊
Singapore (Guangfu) 喊
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 喊
Móng Cái 哭
Gan Nanchang 哭, 叫
Lichuan 啼
Pingxiang 哭
Hakka Meixian 叫, 叫眵, 叫嘴
Xingning 叫
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 哭
Huiyang 叫
Huidong (Daling) 叫
Dongguan (Qingxi) 叫
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 叫
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 叫
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 叫
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 叫
Wuhua (Huacheng) 叫, 叫嘴
Wuhua (Changbu) 叫, 叫嘴
Wuhua (Mianyang) 叫, 叫嘴
Heyuan (Bendihua) 哭
Wengyuan 叫
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 叫嘴
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 叫
Liannan 叫
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 叫
Jiexi 叫
Luhe 叫
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 唩
Changting 唩
Wuping 叫嘴
Wuping (Yanqian) 唩
Wuping (Pingyu) 叫
Liancheng 唩
Ninghua 唩
Yudu 叫
Ningdu 唩
Ruijin 叫
Shicheng 唩
Shangyou (Shexi) 叫
Tonggu (Sandu) 叫嘴
Ganzhou (Panlong) 叫
Dayu 叫
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 叫, 叫眵
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 叫, 叫眵
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 叫, 叫眵
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 叫, 叫眵
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 唩, 唩眵
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 唩
Hong Kong 叫
Yangxi (Tangkou) 叫
Yangchun (Sanjia) 叫
Xinyi (Sihe) 叫
Xinyi (Qianpai) 叫
Gaozhou (Xindong) 叫, 喊
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 叫
Huazhou (Xin'an) 叫
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 叫
Lianjiang (Qingping) 叫
Mengshan (Xihe) 叫
Luchuan 叫
Sabah (Bao'an) 叫
Sabah (Longchuan) 叫, 叫嘴
Senai (Huiyang) 叫
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 叫
Singkawang 叫
Huizhou Jixi 嚎
Jin Taiyuan 哭
Xinzhou 哭
Northern Min Jian'ou 啼
Jian'ou (Dikou) 啼
Songxi 啼
Zhenghe 啼
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 啼
Jianyang 啼
Wuyishan 啼
Pucheng (Shibei) 啼
Eastern Min Fuzhou 啼, 啼嘛
Fuzhou (Changle) 啼
Fuqing 啼
Yongtai 啼
Gutian 啼
Fu'an 嚎
Ningde 嚎
Shouning 嚎
Zhouning 嚎
Fuding 啼, 哭
Matsu 啼, 啼嘛
Southern Min Xiamen 吼, 哭
Quanzhou 吼, 哭
Yongchun 吼
Zhangzhou 吼, 哭
Taipei 吼, 哭
New Taipei (Sanxia) 吼, 哭
Kaohsiung 吼, 哭
Yilan 吼, 哭
Changhua (Lukang) 吼, 哭
Taichung 哭, 吼
Taichung (Wuqi) 哭
Tainan 吼, 哭
Taitung 吼
Hsinchu 哭, 吼
Kinmen 吼
Penghu (Magong) 哭, 吼
Penang (Hokkien) 吼
Singapore (Hokkien) 哭, 吼
Manila (Hokkien) 吼, 哭
Longyan 啼
Zhangping 啼
Datian 哭
Pingnan (Shangdu) 吼
Chaozhou 哭
Raoping 哭
Shantou 哭
Jieyang 哭
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 哭
Singapore (Teochew) 哭
Leizhou 哭
Wenchang 哭
Haikou 啼
Singapore (Hainanese) 哭
Puxian Min Putian 吼
Xianyou 吼
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 哭
Binyang 哭
Shehua Fu'an 叫
Fuding 叫
Luoyuan 叫
Sanming 叫
Shunchang 叫
Hua'an 叫
Guixi (Zhangping) 叫
Cangnan 叫
Jingning (Hexi) 叫
Lishui 叫
Longyou 叫
Chaozhou 叫
Fengshun 叫
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 啼
Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 啼
Wu Shanghai 哭
Shanghai (Chongming) 哭
Suzhou 哭
Wuxi 哭
Danyang 哭
Hangzhou 哭
Ningbo 哭
Wenzhou 哭
Jinhua 哭
Xiang Changsha 哭
Loudi 哭
Shuangfeng 哭
Quanzhou 哭

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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泣

  1. † (ideophonic, of wind) blowing rapidly; violent

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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泣

  1. † Alternative form of 澀／涩 (sè)

Japanese

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Kanji

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泣

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to cry, to weep

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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泣 • (eup) (hangeul 읍)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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泣: Hán Nôm readings: khắp, khấp, lớp, rắp, rập, khóc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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