Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
澀 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 水尸戈一 (ESIM), four-corner 37111, composition ⿰氵歰)
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 651, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18311
- Dae Jaweon: page 1061, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1774, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6F80
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 澀
|
*srɯb
|
| 歰
|
*srɯb
|
| 澁
|
*srɯb
|
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯb) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歰 (OC *srɯb, “rough; not smooth”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: saap3, sap1, sik1, gip3
- Yale: saap, sāp, sīk, gip
- Cantonese Pinyin: saap8, sap7, sik7, gip8
- Guangdong Romanization: sab3, seb1, xig1, gib3
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːp̚³/, /sɐp̚⁵/, /sɪk̚⁵/, /kiːp̚³/
Note:
- saap3, sap1, sik1 - literary (all senses);
- gip3 - vernacular (“acerbic; tart”).
Note:
- siap - vernacular;
- sip - literary.
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
澀
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
11000
|
Phonetic
component
|
歰
|
Rime
group
|
緝
|
Rime
subdivision
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
歰
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*srɯb/
|
| Notes
|
同歰
|
Definitions[edit]
澀
- (of surfaces) rough; unsmooth
- astringent; acerbic; tart
- (of writing) hard to understand; obscure; not flowing
- (of speech) ineloquent; sluggish
- (Southern Min) stingy; miserly
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of
吝嗇 (“stingy; miserly”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
吝, 嗇, 慳, 吝嗇, 慳吝
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
吝嗇, 小氣, 慳吝
|
| Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
小氣, 摳, 摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 摳搜, 摳唆, 嗇刻
|
| Tianjin
|
摳兒, 摳門兒, 摳唆, 死摳兒, 窮摳兒
|
| Langfang
|
摳
|
| Chengde
|
摳兒
|
| Tangshan
|
摳惜
|
| Cangzhou
|
摳兒
|
| Baoding
|
摳, 窮摳
|
| Shijiazhuang
|
摳, 老摳兒
|
| Daming
|
老摳兒
|
| Chifeng
|
吝嗇, 摳兒
|
| Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
小摳兒, 小氣
|
| Heihe
|
吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒
|
| Qiqihar
|
吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒
|
| Harbin
|
摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 摳搜, 小氣, 夾夾咕咕, 玍屄
|
| Baicheng
|
吝嗇, 摳
|
| Changchun
|
小摳
|
| Tonghua
|
摳門兒
|
| Shenyang
|
吝嗇, 小摳, 摳
|
| Dandong
|
吝嗇, 摳, 小摳兒
|
| Jinzhou
|
吝嗇, 摳, 摳搜, 渠
|
| Dalian
|
黑饞
|
| Yantai
|
摳, 奸
|
| Yantai (Muping)
|
摳, 摳搜
|
| Qingdao
|
奸, 拤古
|
| Lijin
|
摳, 不出息
|
| Zhucheng
|
拤古
|
| Jinan
|
摳, 摳門兒, 小氣
|
| Jining
|
摳
|
| Luoyang
|
摳唆, 小氣, 吝嗇
|
| Wanrong
|
摳, 小氣
|
| Shangqiu
|
摳, 老鱉一
|
| Yuanyang
|
摳兒
|
| Zhengzhou
|
摳, 尖
|
| Lingbao
|
吝嗇, 嗇皮
|
| Xinyang
|
尖
|
| Baihe
|
嗇皮
|
| Hanzhong
|
嗇皮
|
| Xi'an
|
小氣, 嗇, 吝嗇, 嗇皮, 摳
|
| Baoji
|
嗇皮
|
| Yinchuan
|
摳搜, 薄嗇, 嗇, 小氣
|
| Tianshui
|
吝嗇
|
| Lanzhou
|
摳搜, 嗇皮, 嗇, 小氣
|
| Dunhuang
|
嗇
|
| Xining
|
摳, 摳皮, 細詳, 搜, 小氣
|
| Hami
|
摳
|
| Ürümqi
|
摳, 摳搜, 嗇皮, 小氣
|
| Wuhan
|
吝嗇, 摳, 慳, 小氣
|
| Yichang
|
吝嗇, 嗇, 小氣
|
| Xiangyang
|
吝嗇, 雀薄
|
| Tianmen
|
吝嗇
|
| Hong'an
|
小氣, 慳, 刻薄
|
| Chengdu
|
摳, 小氣, 夾, 苟, 嗇, 坎
|
| Nanchong
|
吝嗇, 摳
|
| Hanyuan
|
嗇
|
| Xichang
|
嗇, 坎
|
| Zigong
|
吝嗇, 摳
|
| Chongqing
|
吝嗇, 夾, 財, 老默, 摳
|
| Guiyang
|
摳, 夾摳, 夾殼, 小氣
|
| Zunyi
|
摳, 夾殼兒
|
| Bijie
|
夾摳, 夾殼
|
| Liping
|
吝嗇, 摳, 小氣
|
| Zhaotong
|
小氣
|
| Dali
|
尖鉤鉤
|
| Kunming
|
吝嗇, 小氣, 秀, 秀氣郎當
|
| Mengzi
|
摳
|
| Guilin
|
摳
|
| Guilin (Lingui)
|
吝嗇
|
| Liuzhou
|
吝嗇, 摳, 沙, 小氣
|
| Liuzhou (Luorong)
|
吝嗇
|
| Jishou
|
摳
|
| Changde
|
摳
|
| Anqing
|
摳
|
| Xuzhou
|
搜, 摳, 搜摳兒, 搜摳, 搜屄摳兒, 薄氣, 不出血
|
| Fuyang
|
吝嗇, 摳, 尖
|
| Wuhu
|
摳, 尿
|
| Yangzhou
|
摳, 小氣, 嗇掐, 嗇苛, 嗇, 吝嗇
|
| Lianyungang
|
吝嗇, 免頭
|
| Lianshui
|
小氣
|
| Nanjing
|
摳, 嗇, 小氣, 尿日鬼
|
| Hefei
|
摳, 小氣, 算小
|
| Nantong
|
小氣, 嗇掐
|
| Malaysia
|
吝嗇
|
| Singapore
|
吝嗇
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
孤寒, 慳濕, 度縮, 眼緊, 縮骨, 麻米, 細囈, 小氣, 知微
|
| Hong Kong
|
孤寒, 度縮, 縮骨
|
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
孤寒
|
| Macau
|
孤寒
|
| Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
孤寒
|
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
孤寒
|
| Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
孤寒
|
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
孤寒
|
| Foshan
|
孤寒
|
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
孤寒
|
| Foshan (Shunde)
|
孤寒
|
| Foshan (Sanshui)
|
孤寒
|
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
孤寒
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
孤寒
|
| Zhuhai (Qianshan)
|
孤寒
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)
|
孤寒
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
孤寒
|
| Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
孤寒
|
| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
孤寒
|
| Taishan
|
孤寒, 針屎
|
| Kaiping (Chikan)
|
孤寒, 針屎
|
| Enping (Niujiang)
|
耳屎, 孤寒
|
| Heshan (Yayao)
|
孤寒
|
| Dongguan
|
孤寒, 縮骨
|
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
孤寒
|
| Qingyuan
|
孤寒
|
| Fogang
|
孤寒
|
| Yingde (Hanguang)
|
孤寒
|
| Yangshan
|
孤寒
|
| Lianshan (Butian)
|
慳
|
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)
|
孤寒
|
| Shaoguan
|
孤寒
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
孤寒
|
| Renhua
|
孤寒
|
| Lechang
|
孤寒
|
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
|
孤寒
|
| Sihui
|
孤寒
|
| Guangning
|
孤寒
|
| Deqing
|
孤寒
|
| Huaiji
|
孤寒
|
| Fengkai (Nanfeng)
|
孤寒
|
| Yunfu
|
孤寒
|
| Xinxing
|
孤寒
|
| Luoding
|
孤寒
|
| Yunan (Pingtai)
|
孤寒
|
| Yangjiang
|
孤寒, 小格
|
| Xinyi
|
孤寒
|
| Lianjiang
|
小氣, 慳嗇
|
| Nanning
|
孤寒, 小氣
|
| Wuzhou
|
孤寒
|
| Beiliu (Tangliao)
|
慳
|
| Lingshan
|
慳
|
| Pubei
|
慳
|
| Beihai
|
慳濕, 孤寒
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
孤寒
|
| Danzhou
|
細氣
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
孤寒
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
小氣
|
| Móng Cái
|
孤寒
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
嗇, 小氣
|
| Lichuan
|
慳吝, 小氣
|
| Pingxiang
|
肋嗇, 嗇魔, 小氣
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
齧, 齧察, 歪, 孤寒, 皮西艾曬, 唆嗇, 淒老
|
| Xingning
|
歪
|
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
孤寒, 蔑屑
|
| Huidong (Daling)
|
小氣, 孤寒
|
| Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
孤寒
|
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
孤寒
|
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan)
|
孤寒
|
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
孤寒
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
孤寒
|
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
孤寒
|
| Changting
|
癄
|
| Wuping
|
齧
|
| Wuping (Pingyu)
|
歪, 齧察
|
| Ninghua
|
精
|
| Yudu
|
小氣, 小相
|
| Ruijin
|
小氣
|
| Shangyou (Shexi)
|
精, 小氣
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
齧, 齧察, 齧唧, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
齧, 齧察, 齧合澀, 澀齧
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
齧察, 齧合澀
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
硞, 虯, 鹹合澀
|
| Luchuan (Daqiao)
|
摳
|
| Beiliu (Tang'an)
|
小氣
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
小毛, 小氣, 小鬼
|
| Shexian
|
小氣, 吃小米
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
小氣, 摳索, 吝嗇
|
| Pingyao
|
摳, 小氣
|
| Yangyuan
|
吝嗇, 摳, 磨慳, 慳
|
| Datong
|
吝嗇, 摳
|
| Xinzhou
|
鬼祟, 小氣
|
| Lishi
|
摳
|
| Linfen
|
摳
|
| Changzhi
|
摳, 慳, 摳搜
|
| Linhe
|
憋, 缺
|
| Jining
|
摳
|
| Hohhot
|
小氣
|
| Erenhot
|
摳, 小氣
|
| Pingshan
|
摳唆
|
| Zhangjiakou
|
摳門兒, 摳, 吝嗇
|
| Handan
|
小氣, 摳兒門兒, 摳兒, 嗇結頭
|
| Linzhou
|
摳
|
| Suide
|
嗇
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
嗇鄙, 小癖氣
|
| Songxi
|
小氣
|
| Zhenghe
|
嗇鄙
|
| Jianyang
|
嗇鄙
|
| Wuyishan
|
嗇
|
| Pucheng (Shibei)
|
嗇
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
貽順, 奸狡, 奸狡利, 小氣
|
| Fuqing
|
小氣, 𣍐捨, 奸小利
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
枵鬼, 譴相, 小鄙臉, 貓, 貓神, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 凍霜, 攝屎, 鄙釐, 虯, 竭, 𣍐做儂
|
| Quanzhou
|
枵鬼, 譴相, 貓, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 捻𡳞 vulgar, 捻, 鄙釐, 虯, 𣍐做儂
|
| Zhangzhou
|
枵鬼, 小鬼臉, 㾀屎庀 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹澀韌, 蟯, 蟯鬼, 蟯疕, 桶庀, 鄙釐, 毛絲, 虯, 𣍐做儂, 雞攝膣, 攝雞膣, 攝屎, 𠢕儉
|
| Zhangpu
|
枝釐
|
| Yunxiao
|
夾絲
|
| Taipei
|
牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀
|
| Taipei (Wanhua)
|
凍霜
|
| New Taipei (Tamsui)
|
凍霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 孤獨
|
| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
牛螕, 苛頭, 凍霜, 鹹澀
|
| New Taipei (Pingxi)
|
孤霜, 㾀屎
|
| Kaohsiung
|
牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞
|
| Kaohsiung (Cijin)
|
凍霜, 硞
|
| Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)
|
凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
|
| Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)
|
凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
|
| Kaohsiung (Tianliao)
|
凍霜, 苛頭
|
| Yilan
|
凍霜, 貓筩, 鹹澀, 虯
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
虯, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
|
| Taichung
|
凍霜, 硞, 硞仔頭
|
| Taichung (Wuqi)
|
凍霜
|
| Tainan
|
虯, 苛頭, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
|
| Tainan (Anping)
|
凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞, 虯
|
| Taitung
|
凍霜
|
| Hsinchu
|
凍霜, 鹹澀, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹
|
| Kinmen
|
凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 虯
|
| Penghu (Xiyu)
|
孤獨, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
鹹澀, 鹹
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
枵鬼, 貓, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 貓潲 vulgar, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
鹹澀, 鹹, 汌, 貓潲 vulgar
|
| Longyan
|
挾潲
|
| Datian
|
澀鼻
|
| Chaozhou
|
鹹澀
|
| Shantou
|
鹹澀
|
| Jieyang
|
鹹澀, 酸澀, 迡噝, 奸狡, 鼠鬼相
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
鹹澀, 貓
|
| Leizhou
|
慳, 慳嘜, 刻目, 刺麻
|
| Wenchang
|
鹹澀, 細氣
|
| Haikou
|
鹹澀
|
| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
鹹澀, 鹹
|
| Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
鹹澀
|
| Xianyou
|
鹹澀
|
| Zhongshan Min
|
Shaxi (Longdu)
|
孤寒
|
| Sanxiang
|
孤寒, 孽屎
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
小氣, 小相
|
| Northern Pinghua
|
Guilin (Chaoyang)
|
小氣
|
| Guilin (Zhuyuan)
|
吝嗇
|
| Lingchuan (Tanxia)
|
小氣
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
小氣, 密屑, 賅刁, 摳, 刮皮, 酷, 刁, 勿爽氣
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
小氣
|
| Suzhou
|
小氣, 算小, 掐
|
| Wuxi
|
小氣, 嗇
|
| Changzhou
|
小氣
|
| Danyang
|
嗇掐, 小氣
|
| Hangzhou
|
小氣, 精馬, 精巴
|
| Ningbo
|
小氣, 刮皮
|
| Wenzhou
|
小氣, 貓, 吃不得
|
| Jinhua
|
小氣, 刻嗇, 貓涴
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
吝毛, 小氣, 摳, 疜
|
| Loudi
|
小相
|
| Shuangfeng
|
小氣
|
| Quanzhou
|
吝嗇
|
| Guanyang (Wenshi)
|
小相
|
Compounds[edit]
Japanese[edit]
澀
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
- Alternative form of 渋
Readings[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
澀: Hán Nôm readings: sáp, xát
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
References[edit]
