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See also: ⿱⺈旧
U+81FD, 臽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81FD

[U+81FC]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+81FE]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 134, +2, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹難 (NHX), composition (G) or (TJK))

  1. pit, hole

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1003, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30177
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1459, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3037, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+81FD

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. ⿱ク曰

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script

In the oracle bone script, an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : 鹿 (deer) + (pit) – a deer falling into a trap.

From the bronze inscriptions, now an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (person) + (trap) – a person falling into a trap.

Original form of .

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (29) (33)
Final () (159) (151)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I II
Fanqie
Baxter khomX heamH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰʌmX/ /ɦˠɛmH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰəmX/ /ɦᵚæmH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰɒmX/ /ɣɐmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰəmX/ /ɦəɨmH/
Li
Rong
/kʰᴀmX/ /ɣɐmH/
Wang
Li
/kʰɒmX/ /ɣɐmH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰămX/ /ɣămH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kǎn xiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ham2 haam6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ hɛmH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ˁromʔ-s/
English small pit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 13545 13557
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3 3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰloːmʔ/ /*ɡroːms/

Definitions

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  1. (obsolete) pit; hole

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to submerge; to sink; to plunge; to be captured; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of ).

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai
(extended)

⿱⺈旧

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ⿱⺈旧)

  1. pit
  2. hole

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): かん (kan)げん (gen)こん (kon)
  • Kun: おとしあな (otoshiana)

Korean

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Hanja

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(ham) (hangeul , revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham)

  1. pit
  2. hollow, hole