佛

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by Justinrleung (talk | contribs) as of 05:20, 13 January 2020.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 仏 and 彿

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

佛 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人中中弓 (OLLN), four-corner 25227, composition ⿰亻弗)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 99, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 517
  • Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 140, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4F5B

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 佛
alternative forms
仏
㚕
仸
𠑵
𠇛
仏
㚕
仸
𠑵
𠇛
𡗻
𡘉
𦤲
 
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 佛
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
s05732
Transcribed ancient scripts
L26012
L26013
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (弗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鄪 *prɯds
費 *prɯds, *pʰɯds, *bɯds
砩 *pads
沸 *pɯds
疿 *pɯds
茀 *pɯds, *pʰɯd
髴 *pʰɯds, *pɯd, *pʰɯd
昲 *pʰɯds
靅 *pʰɯds
狒 *buds
怫 *bɯds, *bɯd
胇 *brɯd
艴 *bɯːd, *pʰɯd
弗 *pɯd
紼 *pɯd
柫 *pɯd
笰 *pɯd
拂 *pʰɯd
刜 *pʰɯd, *bɯd
彿 *pʰɯd
佛 *bɯd
坲 *bɯd
咈 *bɯd
炥 *bɯd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯd) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 弗 (OC *pɯd).

Etymology 1

Abbreviation of 佛陀 (MC bjut da), from Pali buddha or Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha, “awakened; enlightened”).

Pronunciation

Note: fiit6 - used in some compounds, e.g. 佛手, 佛七.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
    • pu̍t - vernacular;
    • hu̍t - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 佛
Mandarin Beijing /fo³⁵/
Harbin /fɤ²⁴/
Tianjin /fo⁴⁵/
Jinan /fə⁴²/
Qingdao /fu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /fu⁴²/
Xi'an /fo²⁴/
Xining /fɔ²⁴/
Yinchuan /fu¹³/
/fuə⁵³/
Lanzhou /fə⁵³/
Ürümqi /fɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /fu²¹³/
Chengdu /fu³¹/
/fəu³¹/
Guiyang /fu²¹/
Kunming /fu³¹/
Nanjing /fuʔ⁵/
Hefei /fəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /fəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /fɤ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /vəʔ¹/
Suzhou /vəʔ³/
Hangzhou /vəʔ²/
Wenzhou /vai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /fu²²/
Tunxi /fə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /fu²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸu⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /fɨʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /fut̚⁵/
Taoyuan /fut̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐt̚²/
Nanning /fɐt̚²²/
Hong Kong /fɐt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hut̚⁵/
/put̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xo⁴⁴/
/xu²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /huk̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbut̚³/
Rime
Character 佛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 物 (60)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 符弗切
Baxter bjut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/biut̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/but̚/
Li
Rong 		/biuət̚/
Wang
Li 		/bĭuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fat6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 佛
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjut ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b][u]t/
English great

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 佛
Reading # 1/1
No. 3324
Phonetic
component 		弗
Rime
group 		物
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		佛
Old
Chinese 		/*bɯd/

Definitions

Weathered 佛 sticker

(deprecated template usage) 佛

  1. (Buddhism) Buddha
    佛陀  ―  fótuó  ―  Buddha
    佛教  ―  fójiào  ―  Buddhism
  2. (Buddhism) statue of Buddha
  3. (by extension) Buddhist scriptures
  4. (by extension) Buddhism; Buddhist doctrines

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (佛):
  • → Japanese: 仏(ふつ) (futsu); 仏(ぶつ) (butsu)
  • → Korean: 불(佛) (bul)
  • → Vietnamese: phật (佛), Phật (佛)

Others:

  • → Mongolian: ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ (burqan) / бурхан (burxan)
  • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
  • → Zhuang: baed

Compounds

Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 佛 – see 彿.
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 彿).
Notes:

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 佛

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 拂 (fú, “to go against; to be contrary to”).

Compounds

Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 佛

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 弼 (bì, “to assist”).
  2. a surname

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 佛

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 勃 (bó, “prosperous; thriving”).

(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Shinjitai

仏

Kyūjitai

佛

Kanji

佛

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 仏)

  1. Buddha

Readings

Korean

Hanja

佛 • (bul, pil) (hangeul 불, 필)

  1. Buddha

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

佛: Hán Việt readings: phật (符(phù)勿(vật)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5], phất[3]
佛: Nôm readings: phật[1][2][3][4][6]

  1. chữ Hán form of Phật (“Buddha, the Enlightened One”).
  2. chữ Hán form of Phật (“Buddhism”).

Compounds

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bonet (1899).
  5. ^ Génibrel (1898).
  6. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=佛&oldid=58394262"