博士

Chinese

		extensive; ample; rich extensive; ample; rich; obtain; aim; to win; to get; plentiful; to gamble	scholar; warrior; knight
trad. (博士)		博	士
simp. #(博士)		博	士

Etymology

Attestable since at least the Eastern Han dynasty. The sense of “doctor” is wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 博(はく)士(し) (hakushi).

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 博士

1. doctorate; Ph.D.

   博士生  ―  bóshìshēng  ―  doctorate candidate

   哲學博士／哲学博士  ―  zhéxué bóshì  ―  Doctor of Philosophy

   他剛從北京大學取得博士學位。 [MSC, trad.]
   他刚从北京大学取得博士学位。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā gāng cóng Běijīng dàxué qǔdé bóshì xuéwèi. [Pinyin]

   He recently obtained his doctorate degree from Peking University.

2. doctor (someone with a Ph.D.)

   吳博士／吴博士  ―  Wú bóshì  ―  Dr. Wu

   張博士是這場講座的主講人。 [MSC, trad.]
   张博士是这场讲座的主讲人。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhāng bóshì shì zhè chǎng jiǎngzuò de zhǔjiǎngrén. [Pinyin]

   Dr. Zhang is the presenter of this seminar.

3. (history) court academician (in feudal China)
4. (history) master; person with a particular skill

   茶博士  ―  chá bóshì  ―  a tea master

5. (history) learned scholar; polymath

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (博士):

• → Japanese: 博(はく)士(し) (hakushi, “court academician; doctor”)
• → Korean: 박사(博士) (baksa, “doctor; expert; learned man”)
• → Vietnamese: bác sĩ (博士, “medical doctor; physician”)

Others:

• → Manchu: ᠪᠠᡴᠰᡳ (baksi), ᠪᠠᡴᡧᡳ (bakši, “scholar; Confucian scholar”)
  • → Chinese: 把式 (bǎshì), 把勢／把势 (bǎshì, “martial arts; master; skill”), 把戲／把戏 (bǎxì, “circus tricks; cheap tricks”)
  • → Chinese: 巴克什 (bākèshí, “baksi, title given to Qing Dynasty scholars”)
• → Mongolian: ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ (baɣsi) / багш (bagš, “teacher, instructor; master; trainer”)
  • → Tibetan: པག་ཤི (pag shi, “teacher”)
• → Kazakh: бақсы (baqsy, “shaman, sorcerer”)
• → Persian: بخشی (baxši, “scribe, secretary; surgeon; vice-regent; inspector; grand falconer”)
• → Uyghur: باخشى (baxshi, “sorcerer, shaman, wizard; witchcraft healer, witch-doctor”), باخشىلىق (baxshiliq, “falconry, hunting with birds of prey; witchcraft, shamanism”)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
博	士
はく Grade: 4	し Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 博士 (pak dzri^X) (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

博(はく)士(し) • (hakushi) 

1. a doctor (person who has attained a doctorate)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
博	士
はく > はか Grade: 4	し > せ Grade: 5
irregular

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

博(はか)士(せ) • (hakase) 

1. (history) a court academician
2. a doctor (person who has attained a doctorate)
   • 1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “ニューイヤー星(せい)調(ちょう)査(さ)行(こう) [Expedition to Planet New Year]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 108:

     ロッシュ博(はか)士(せ)。あなたはうれしくないんですか。

     Rosshu Hakase. Anata wa ureshikunain desu ka.

     Dr. Roche. Are you not enjoying yourself?

Derived terms

• 博(はか)士(せ)論(ろん)文(ぶん) (hakase ronbun, “doctoral thesis”)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
博	士
ひろ Grade: 4	し Grade: 5
yutōyomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Proper noun

博(ひろ)士(し) or 博士(proper) • (hiroshi or proper) [[Category:Japanese
|ひろし]]

1. a male given name

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Korean

Hanja in this term
博	士

Noun

博士 • (baksa or McCune-Reischauer: paksa or Yale: pakqsa) (hangeul 박사)

1. hanja form^? of 박사 (“doctor”)

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
博	士

Noun

博士

1. chữ Hán form of bác sĩ (“medical doctor; physician”).