掌

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Translingual

Han character

掌 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火月口手 (FBRQ), four-corner 90502, composition ⿱尚手)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 437, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12248
  • Dae Jaweon: page 786, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1889, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+638C

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 掌

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 掌
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
當 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
襠 *taːŋ
鐺 *taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ
簹 *taːŋ
璫 *taːŋ
檔 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
儅 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
蟷 *taːŋ
擋 *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs
黨 *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ
讜 *taːŋʔ
欓 *taːŋʔ
譡 *taːŋs
闣 *taːŋs
瓽 *taːŋs
鏜 *tʰaːŋ
闛 *tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ
鼞 *tʰaːŋ
曭 *tʰaːŋʔ
儻 *tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs
戃 *tʰaːŋʔ
矘 *tʰaːŋʔ
爣 *tʰaːŋʔ
攩 *hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌 *tʰaːŋʔ
倘 *tʰaːŋʔ
躺 *tʰaːŋʔ
趟 *tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂 *daːŋ
坣 *daːŋ
棠 *daːŋ
糛 *daːŋ
螳 *daːŋ
隚 *daːŋ
橖 *daːŋ
掌 *tjaŋʔ
廠 *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs
敞 *tʰjaŋʔ
僘 *tʰjaŋʔ
氅 *tʰjaŋʔ
常 *djaŋ
嘗 *djaŋ
裳 *djaŋ
徜 *djaŋ
尚 *djaŋ, *djaŋs
甞 *djaŋ
鋿 *djaŋ
嫦 *djaŋ
償 *djaŋ, *djaŋs
賞 *hjaŋʔ
瞠 *rtʰaːŋ
撐 *rtʰaːŋ
樘 *rtʰaːŋ
橕 *rtʰaːŋ
牚 *rtʰaːŋs
埫 *tʰoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjaŋʔ) : phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 手.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • ciēng - vernacular (“finger”);
  • ciōng - literary.
Note:
  • chiúⁿ/chióⁿ - vernacular (“palm”);
  • chńg/chéng/chín - vernacular (“finger”, often written as 指, e.g. 掌甲, 掌頭仔);
  • chióng/chiáng - literary.
Note:
  • zion2 - Shantou;
  • ziên2 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 掌
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 諸兩切
Baxter tsyangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cɨaŋX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiaŋX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhǎng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zoeng2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 掌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhǎng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyangX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k.t]aŋʔ/
English palm of the hand

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 掌
Reading # 1/1
No. 11146
Phonetic
component 		尚
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		掌
Old
Chinese 		/*tjaŋʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 掌

  1. palm of hand
  2. sole of foot
  3. shoe sole or heel
  4. horseshoe
  5. to slap
  6. to hold
  7. to control
  8. (dialectal Mandarin) to put (seasoning)
  9. (Sichuanese) to support; to hold

Compounds

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Descendants

  • → Mongolian: зан (zan, “sole”)

Japanese

Kanji

掌

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
掌
てのひら
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From 手 (te, “hand”) +‎ の (no, possessive particle) +‎ 平 (hira, “flat”). Compare English flat of one's hand.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Noun

掌(てのひら) • (te no hira) 

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
掌
たなうら
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From 手 (ta, “hand”) +‎ な (na, archaic possessive particle) +‎ 裏 (ura, “back side; bottom side; face-down side; palmar/plantar side”)

Noun

掌(たなうら) • (tanaura) 

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
掌
たなごころ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From 手 (ta, “hand”) +‎ な (na, archaic possessive particle) +‎ 心 (kokoro, “heart; inside”)

Noun

掌(たなごころ) • (tanagokoro) 

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
掌
しょう
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 掌 (MC tsyangX)

Suffix

掌(しょう) • (-shō) ←しやう (syau)?

  1. (martial arts) used in the names of moves that involve hitting and pushing hard with the palm
    条(じゅう)拳(けん)法(ぽう)　八(はっ)卦(け)六(ろく)十(じゅう)四(よん)掌(しょう)
    Jūkenpō Hakke Rokujūyonshō
    Jūkenpō: Eight Trigrams, Sixty-Four Palms
    • 2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “第(だい)60話(わ)　少(しょう)女(じょ)の決(けつ)意(い) [Chapter 60: A Girl’s Resolve]”, in 東(とう)京(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, pages 30–31:
      これがこの赤(セキ)を師(スー)兵(ペイ)の頂(ちょう)点(てん)たらしめる炎(ほのお)だッ!!!我(が)龍(りゅう)双(そう)煉(れん)掌(しょう)
      Kore ga kono Seki o Sūpei no chōten tarashimeru honō da'!!! Garyū Sōrenshō
      This is the flame that helped put me, Seki, at the top of the Supei!!! Garyū Sōrenshō

Korean

Hanja

掌 (eumhun 손바닥 장 (sonbadak jang))

  1. Hanja form? of 손바닥 (“palm of the hand”).

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 掌 (chưởng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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