経

See also: 經 and 经

Translingual

Traditional	經
Shinjitai	経
Simplified	经

Glyph origin

Simplified from 經 (巠 → 圣). Also a Japanese shinjitai. Current form 糸 + 圣, but not etymologically related to 圣.

Han character

経 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女火水土 (VFEG), composition ⿰糹圣)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 921, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27392
• Dae Jaweon: page 1354, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 5, page 3388, character 7
• Unihan data for U+7D4C

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Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 経 – see 經 (“warp, a thread running lengthwise in a woven fabric; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 經).

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Japanese

Shinjitai	経
Kyūjitai	經

Kanji

経

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 經)

1. warp (thread running lengthwise)
2. longitude
3. meridian (in traditional Chinese medicine)
4. elapse, pass through
5. manage
6. hang (by the neck)
7. ordinary, usual
8. scripture, sutra
9. menstruation

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
• Tō-on: きん (kin)
• Kun: へる (heru, 経る, Jōyō); たつ (tatsu, 経つ); たて (tate, 経); たていと (tateito, 経); はかる (hakaru, 経る)
• Nanori: おさむ (osamu); つね (tsune); のぶ (nobu); のり (nori)

Compounds

Compounds

• 経衣(きょうえ) (kyōe)
• 経行(きょうぎょう) (kyōgyō)
• 経紙(きょうし) (kyōshi)
• 経蔵(きょうぞう) (Kyōzō)
• 経典(きょうてん) (kyōten)
• 経文(きょうもん) (kyōmon)
• 経絡系(けいらくけい) (keirakukei)
• 経緯(けいい) (keii)
• 経営(けいえい) (keiei)
• 経過(けいか) (keika)
• 経験(けいけん) (keiken)
• 経口(けいこう) (keikō)
• 経国(けいこく) (keikoku)
• 経済(けいざい) (keizai)
• 経死(けいし) (keishi)
• 経書(けいしょ) (keisho)
• 経渉(けいしょう) (keishō)
• 経常(けいじょう) (keijō)
• 経線(けいせん) (keisen)
• 経典(けいてん) (keiten)
• 経度(けいど) (keido)
• 経費(けいひ) (keihi)
• 経閉(けいへい) (keihei)
• 経由(けいゆ) (keiyu), 経由(けいゆう) (keiyū)
• 経絡(けいらく) (keiraku)
• 経理(けいり) (keiri)
• 経略(けいりゃく) (keiryaku)
• 経歴(けいれき) (keireki)
• 経路(けいろ) (keiro)
• 経行(きんひん) (kinhin)
• 一日(いちにち)経(きょう) (ichinichikyō)
• 易(えき)経(きょう) (Ekikyō)
• 看経(かんきょう) (kankyō), 看経(かんきん) (kankin), 看経(かんぎん) (kangin)
• 観経(かんぎょう) (kangyō)
• 偽経(ぎきょう) (gikyō)
• 近経(きんけい) (kinkei)
• 銀経(ぎんけい) (ginkei)
• 弘経(ぐきょう) (gukyō)
• 五経(ごきょう) (Gokyō)
• 古経(こきょう) (kokyō)
• 三部(さんぶ)経(きょう) (Sanbu-kyō)
• 詩経(しきょう) (Shikyō)
• 写経(しゃきょう) (shakyō)
• 書経(しょきょう) (Shokyō)
• 心経(しんぎょう) (Shingyō)
• 西経(せいけい) (seikei)
• 東経(とうけい) (tōkei)
• 道徳(どうとく)経(きょう) (Dōtokukyō)
• 読経(どきょう) (dokyō), 読経(どっきょう) (dokkyō)
• 秘経(ひきょう) (hikyō)
• 諷経(ふぎん) (fugin)
• 閉経(へいけい) (heikei)
• 六経(りくけい) (Rikukei), 六経(りっけい) (Rikkei), 六経(ろっけい) (Rokkei)
• 経緯(いきさつ) (ikisatsu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
経
きょう Grade: 5
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
經 (kyūjitai)

/kʲeu/ → /kjau/ → /kjɔː/ → /kjoː/

From Middle Chinese 經 (MC keng|kengH). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

The Buddhist senses are a translation of Sanskrit सूत्र (sūtra, literally “string, thread”) or Pali sutta (literally “string, thread”).

Noun

1. (Buddhism) a sutra (Buddhist scripture):
   1. a discourse of the Gautama Buddha, one of the Twelve Divisions of Mahayana Buddhism

      Hypernym: 十二分経 (Jūni-bu-kyō)

   2. short for 経蔵 (Kyōzō): the Sutta Pitaka, one of the three divisions of the Tripitaka
   3. collective term for Buddhist literature including sutras in general

      Hypernym: 三蔵 (Sanzō)

2. (Buddhism, by extension of reading sutras) a Buddhist service or rite
3. a scripture (in religions other than Buddhism)

Synonyms

• (sutra): 御経(おきょう) (o-kyō), スートラ (sūtora)
• (discourse of the Buddha; division of Tripitaka): 契経(かいきょう) (kaikyō)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 経(きょう)帷子(かたびら) (kyō-katabira)
• 経(きょう)紙(がみ) (kyōgami)
• 経木(きょうぎ) (kyōgi)
• 御経(おきょう) (o-kyō)

Proper noun

2. a unisex given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
経
けい Grade: 5
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
經 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 經 (MC keng|kengH). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Noun

1. a warp (thread running lengthwise in a woven fabric)

   Synonym: 縦 (tate)

2. correct logic or reasoning
3. a scripture (in Buddhism, Confucianism, or other religions)

   Synonyms: 経書 (keisho), 経典 (keiten)

Proper noun

2. a unisex given name

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
経
たて Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
經 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese.

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 経つ (tatsu, “to elapse; to burn out, said of a candle or oil”), itself cognate with 立つ (tatsu, “to stand”).

Noun

1. Alternative spelling of 縦 (tate): a warp (thread running lengthwise in a woven fabric); the length, height, distance, or direction between up and down, above and below, or north and south; a hierarchy
2. Short for 経糸 (tateito): a warp (thread running lengthwise in a woven fabric)
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 8, poem 1512:
     , text here

     經(たて)毛(も)無(なく)緯(ぬき)毛(も)不定(さだめず)未通女等之(をとめらが)織(おる)黄葉(もみちば)尓(に)霜(しも)莫零(なふりそね) [Man'yōgana]

     経(たて)もなく緯(ぬき)も定(さだ)めず娘子(をとめ)らが織(お)る黄葉(もみちば)に霜(しも)な降(ふ)りそね [Modern spelling]

     tate mo naku nuki mo sadamezu otomera ga oru momichi-ba ni shimo na-furi-so ne

     Not even vertical threads, nor crossthreads having been fixed on the momidi woven thus by the heavenly girls, please do not leat hoarfrost fall down! (because the colour would change)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 経(たて)糸(いと) (tateito)
• 経(たて)畝(うね)織(お)り, 経(たて)畝(うね)織(おり) (tate uneori)
• 経(たて)絣(がすり) (tategasuri)
• 経(たて)緯(ぬき) (tatenuki)
• 経(たて)錦(にしき) (tatenishiki)
• 経(たて)巻(まき), 経(たて)巻(ま)き (tatemaki)
• 経(たて)緯(よこ) (tateyoko)
• 霜(しも)の経(たて) (shimo no tate)
• 日(ひ)の経(たて) (hi no tate)
• 横(よこ)縦(たて), 緯(よこ)経(たて) (yokotate, “breadth and length; woof and warp”)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
経
たていと Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
經 (kyūjitai)

Noun

1. Alternative spelling of 経糸 (tateito): a warp (thread running lengthwise in a woven fabric)

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
経
ふ Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
經 (kyūjitai)

/pu/ → /fu/

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with classical verb 綜 (fu), modern 綜る (heru, “to weave a warp, said of a loom”).

Verb

1. (archaic) to elapse
   • 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 20, poem 1100)

     ちはやぶる賀茂(かも)の社(やしろ)の姫(ひめ)小(こ)松(まつ)万(よろづ)世(よ)ふとも色(いろ)は変(か)はらじ

     chihayaburu Kamo-no-yashiro no hime-komatsu yorozuyo fu to mo iro wa kawaraji

     Let ten thousand years pass, and still the Princess Pines at Kamo Shrine alive with the divine fury will not alter their color.

2. (archaic) to pass through, go through
3. (archaic) to experience

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "経" (ハ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	経	へ	fe
Continuative (連用形)	経	へ	fe
Terminal (終止形)	経	ふ	fu
Attributive (連体形)	経る	ふる	furu
Realis (已然形)	経れ	ふれ	fure
Imperative (命令形)	経よ	へよ	feyo
Key constructions
Negative	経ず	へず	fezu
Contrasting conjunction	経れど	ふれど	furedo
Causal conjunction	経れば	ふれば	fureba
Conditional conjunction	経ば	へば	feba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	経き	へき	feki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	経けり	へけり	fekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	経つ	へつ	fetu
Perfect tense (natural event)	経ぬ	へぬ	fenu
Perfect-continuative tense	経たり	へたり	fetari
Volitional	経む	へむ	femu

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 経(へ)る, 歴(へ)る (heru)
• 経(へ)上(あが)る, 経上(へあ)がる (heagaru)
• 経(へ)勝(まさ)る, 経(へ)優(まさ)る (hemasaru)
• 経(へ)回(めぐ)る, 経(へ)巡(めぐ)る (hemeguru)