勉
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Translingual
[edit]Japanese | 勉 |
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Simplified | 勉 |
Traditional | 勉 |
Alternative forms
[edit]Note that in Japanese shinjitai, the bottom left handed stroke ㇓ of 免 is written as two separate components (𫩏+儿).
Han character
[edit]勉 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+7 in Chinese, 力+8 in Japanese, 9 strokes in Chinese, 10 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓山大尸 (NUKS), four-corner 24212, composition ⿺免力)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 147, character 37
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2384
- Dae Jaweon: page 333, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 372, character 3
- Unihan data for U+52C9
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
勉 |
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Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *mronʔ) : phonetic 免 (OC *mronʔ) + semantic 力 (“strong”) – make a strong effort.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): min5
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): miēng
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: miǎn
- Wade–Giles: mien3
- Yale: myǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mean
- Palladius: мянь (mjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: min5
- Yale: míhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: min5
- Guangdong Romanization: min5
- Sinological IPA (key): /miːn¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: miên
- Hakka Romanization System: mienˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: mian1
- Sinological IPA: /mi̯en²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: miēng
- Sinological IPA (key): /mieŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- miang2 - Shantou;
- miêng2 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: mjenX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mr[o][r]ʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mronʔ/
Definitions
[edit]勉
- to endeavor; to make an effort; to strive
- to encourage; to urge
- to force; to do something reluctantly
- † to hurry; quickly
- † Alternative form of 娩 (“to give birth to a child”)
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 勉 | ![]() |
Kyūjitai [1] |
勉 勉 or 勉+ ︀ ?
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勉󠄀 勉+ 󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
勉󠄃 勉+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]勉
(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 勉)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: めん (men)
- Kan-on: べん (ben, Jōyō)
- Kun: つとめる (tsutomeru, 勉める)←つとむ (tutomu, 勉む, historical)、はげます (hagemasu, 勉ます)、ひこ (hiko)、やつ (yatsu)
- Nanori: かつ (katsu)、すすむ (susumu)、つとむ (tsutomu)、まさる (masaru)、ます (masu)、やす (yasu)
Compounds
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
References
[edit]- ^ “勉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 勉 (MC mjenX).
Hanja
[edit]勉 (eumhun 힘쓸 면 (himsseul myeon))
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]勉: Hán Nôm readings: miễn, mến, mễn, mịn
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading めん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading べん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つと・める
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading つと・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading はげ・ます
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひこ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やつ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading かつ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading すすむ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading つとむ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading まさる
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ます
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やす
- Japanese lemmas
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- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
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- Japanese male given names
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