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# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to [[lie]] {{gloss|to be in a horizontal position}} |
# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to [[lie]] {{gloss|to be in a horizontal position}} |
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## {{lb|de|Swiss}} to [[lie down]] |
## {{lb|de|Swiss}} to [[lie down]] |
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# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to [[be]], to [[lie]] somewhere (of flat objects, |
# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to [[be]], to [[lie]] somewhere (of flat objects, including hospital inpatients; otherwise use {{m|de|sitzen}} or {{m|de|stehen}}) |
||
# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to be [[located]], to [[lie]] somewhere (of countries, towns, houses, etc.) |
# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to be [[located]], to [[lie]] somewhere (of countries, towns, houses, etc.) |
||
# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to [[be]], to [[stand]] (of indices, measurements) |
# {{lb|de|intransitive}} to [[be]], to [[stand]] (of indices, measurements) |
Revision as of 06:56, 1 December 2021
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch liegen, from Old Dutch liegan, from Proto-West Germanic *leugan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.
Pronunciation
Verb
liegen
- (intransitive) to lie (to tell lies)
Inflection
Conjugation of liegen (strong class 2a) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | liegen | |||
past singular | loog | |||
past participle | gelogen | |||
infinitive | liegen | |||
gerund | liegen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | lieg | loog | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | liegt, lieg2 | loog | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | liegt | loog | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | liegt | loogt | ||
3rd person singular | liegt | loog | ||
plural | liegen | logen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | liege | loge | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | liegen | logen | ||
imperative sing. | lieg | |||
imperative plur.1 | liegt | |||
participles | liegend | gelogen | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: lieg
- Berbice Creole Dutch: liki
- Jersey Dutch: lixxe
- Negerhollands: lug, lik, lieg
- Skepi Creole Dutch: lig
German
Etymology
From Middle High German ligen, from Old High German ligen, from older liggen by generalisation of the stem of the 2nd and 3rd persons singular, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-.
Compare Low German liggen, Dutch liggen, English lie, Danish ligge, Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ligan).
Pronunciation
Verb
liegen (class 5 strong, third-person singular present liegt, past tense lag, past participle gelegen, past subjunctive läge, auxiliary haben or sein)
- (intransitive) to lie (to be in a horizontal position)
- (Switzerland) to lie down
- (intransitive) to be, to lie somewhere (of flat objects, including hospital inpatients; otherwise use sitzen or stehen)
- (intransitive) to be located, to lie somewhere (of countries, towns, houses, etc.)
- (intransitive) to be, to stand (of indices, measurements)
- 2012 June 19, Die Welt [1], page 10:
- Der deutsche Energieverbrauch lag in den ersten drei Monaten des Jahres rund zwei Prozent unter dem Niveau des Vorjahreszeitraumes.
- In the first three months of the year, the German energy consumption was about two percent below the level of the same period last year.
- 2012 June 19, Die Welt [1], page 10:
Usage notes
- The commonest auxiliary with liegen is haben: Ich habe gelegen. In northern and central Germany, this form is strongly predominant and in some regions exclusive. In southern Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, sein is usual in the vernacular and also, alternatively, in standard usage: Ich bin gelegen.
Conjugation
infinitive | liegen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | liegend | ||||
past participle | gelegen | ||||
auxiliary | haben or sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich liege | wir liegen | i | ich liege | wir liegen |
du liegst | ihr liegt | du liegest | ihr lieget | ||
er liegt | sie liegen | er liege | sie liegen | ||
preterite | ich lag | wir lagen | ii | ich läge1 | wir lägen1 |
du lagst | ihr lagt | du lägest1 du lägst1 |
ihr läget1 ihr lägt1 | ||
er lag | sie lagen | er läge1 | sie lägen1 | ||
imperative | lieg (du) liege (du) |
liegt (ihr) |
1This form and alternative in würde both found.
Derived terms
Further reading
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch liegan, from Proto-West Germanic *leugan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.
Verb
liegen
- (intransitive) to lie (to tell lies)
Inflection
Strong class 2 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | liegen | |
3rd sg. past | lôoch | |
3rd pl. past | lōgen | |
Past participle | lōg | |
Infinitive | liegen | |
In genitive | liegens | |
In dative | liegene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | liege | lôoch |
2nd singular | liechs, lieges | lōochs, lōges |
3rd singular | liecht, lieget | lôoch |
1st plural | liegen | lōgen |
2nd plural | liecht, lieget | lōocht, lōget |
3rd plural | liegen | lōgen |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | liege | lōge |
2nd singular | liechs, lieges | lōges |
3rd singular | liege | lōge |
1st plural | liegen | lōgen |
2nd plural | liecht, lieget | lōget |
3rd plural | liegen | lōgen |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | liech, liege | |
Plural | liecht, lieget | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | liegende | lōg |
Descendants
Further reading
- “lieghen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “liegen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/iɣən
- Rhymes:Dutch/iɣən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch intransitive verbs
- Dutch class 2a strong verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German strong verbs
- German class 5 strong verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German verbs using sein as auxiliary
- German verbs using haben and sein as auxiliary
- German intransitive verbs
- Switzerland German
- German terms with quotations
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch intransitive verbs
- Middle Dutch class 2 strong verbs