independent

English

Etymology

From French indépendant

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪndɪˈpɛndənt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: in‧de‧pend‧ent

Adjective

independent (comparative more independent, superlative most independent)

1. Not dependent; not contingent or depending on something else; free.
   • 2022 May 14, Tanner, Jari, “Putin warns Finland NATO membership would harm relations”, in AP News‎^[1], archived from the original on 14 May 2022:

     Niinisto pointed out that he had already told Putin at their first meeting in 2012 that “each independent nation would maximize its own security.”
     “That is still the case. By joining NATO, Finland will strengthen its own security and assume its responsibilities. It is not something away from anybody,” Niinisto said.

2. (politics) Not affiliated with any political party.

   the independent candidate

3. Providing a comfortable livelihood.

   an independent property

4. Not subject to bias or influence; self-directing.

   a man of an independent mind

5. Separate from; exclusive; irrespective.
   • 1795, Robert Plumer Ward, An Enquiry into the Foundation and History of the Law of Nations in Europe from the Time of the Greeks and Romans to the Age of Grotius:

     That obligation in general, under which we conceive ourselves bound to obey a law, independent of those resources which the law provides for its own enforcement.

Synonyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• autonomous
• free
• self-standing

Antonyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• contingent
• dependent

Hyponyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• language-independent
• order-independent
• redshift-independent
• system-dependent

Derived terms

• act of independent significance
• Commonwealth of Independent States
• defense-independent pitching statistics
• independency
• independent city
• independent clause
• independent contractor
• independent function
• independentism
• independentist
• independentization
• independentize
• independently
• Independent Olympic Participant
• independent set
• independent variable
• language-independent
• linearly independent
• nonindependent
• platform-independent
• redundant array of independent disks
• time-independent

 

Related terms

• depend
• dependence
• dependently
• independence
• pendant
• pending

 

Translations

not dependent; not contingent or depending on something else; free

• Albanian: pavarur (sq)
• Arabic: مُسْتَقِل‎ (ar) (mustaqil), حُرّ‎ (ar) (ḥurr)
• Armenian: անկախ (hy) (ankax), ինքնուրույն (hy) (inkʿnuruyn)
• Azerbaijani: müstəqil (az)
• Bashkir: бойондороҡһоҙ (boyondoroqhoð)
• Belarusian: незале́жны (be) (njezaljéžny), самасто́йны (be) (samastójny)
• Bikol Central: talingkas (bcl)
• Bulgarian: незави́сим (bg) (nezavísim)
• Burmese: လွတ်လပ် (my) (lwatlap)
• Catalan: independent (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 獨立 (zh), 独立 (zh) (dúlì)

• Crimean Tatar: mustaqil
• Czech: nezávislý
• Danish: uafhængig (da), selvstændig (da)
• Dutch: onafhankelijk (nl), zelfstandig (nl)
• Esperanto: memstara (eo), sendependa
• Estonian: sõltumatu, iseseisev
• Finnish: riippumaton (fi), itsenäinen (fi), vapaa (fi)
• French: indépendant (fr)
• Galician: independente
• Georgian: დამოუკიდებელი (ka) (damouḳidebeli)
• German: unabhängig (de), selbständig (de)
• Greek: ανεξάρτητος (el) m (anexártitos)
• Hindi: स्वतंत्र (hi) (svatantra)
• Hungarian: független (hu), önálló (hu)
• Icelandic: sjálfstæður
• Indonesian: merdeka (id)
• Irish: neamhspleách
• Italian: indipendente (it)
• Japanese: 独立した (ja) (どくりつした, dokuritsu shita)
• Kazakh: тәуелсіз (täwelsiz), азат (kk) (azat)
• Khmer: ឯករាជ (km) (ʼaekaʼriəc)
• Korean: 독립의 (ko) (dongnibui), 독립적인 (dongnipjeog-in)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: سەربەست‎ (ku) (serbest), سەربەخۆ‎ (serbexo)

  Northern Kurdish: serbixwe (ku)

• Kyrgyz: көз каранды эмес (köz qarandı emes)
• Lao: ອິສະລະ (ʼi sa la)
• Latin: independens
• Latvian: neatkarīgs
• Lithuanian: nepriklausomas
• Macedonian: независен (nezavisen)
• Malay: merdeka (ms)
• Malayalam: സ്വതന്ത്ര (ml) (svatantra)
• Mongolian: бие даасан (biye daasan)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: uavhengig (no), selvstendig (no)

• Occitan: independent (oc)
• Persian: مستقل‎ (fa) (mostaqel)
• Polish: niepodległy (pl), niezależny (pl), niezawisły (pl)
• Portuguese: independente (pt)
• Romanian: independent (ro), liber (ro)
• Russian: незави́симый (ru) (nezavísimyj), самостоя́тельный (ru) (samostojátelʹnyj), свобо́дный (ru) (svobódnyj)
• Sanskrit: स्वतन्त्र (sa) (svatantra)
• Scottish Gaelic: neo-eisimeileach
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: самосталан, независан, неовисан

  Roman: sȁmostālan (sh), nezávisan (sh), nȅovisan (sh)

• Slovak: nezávislý
• Slovene: neodvisen (sl)
• Sorbian:

  Lower: samostatny

• Spanish: independiente (es)
• Swedish: självständig (sv), oberoende (sv)
• Tagalog: malaya
• Tajik: мустақил (mustaqil)
• Thai: อิสระ (th) (ìt-sà-rà)
• Tibetan: རང་བཙན (rang btsan)
• Turkish: bağımsız (tr)
• Turkmen: özbaşdak, garaşsyz
• Ukrainian: незале́жний (nezaléžnyj), самості́йний (samostíjnyj)
• Urdu: آزاد‎ (ur) (āzād)
• Uzbek: mustaqil (uz), ozod (uz)
• Vietnamese: độc lập (vi)

not aligned with any political party

• Bulgarian: независим (bg) (nezavisim)
• Burmese: တစ်သီးပုဂ္ဂလ (my) (tacsi:pugga.la.)
• Esperanto: senpartia
• Finnish: sitoutumaton (fi)
• Galician: independente
• German: unabhängig (de)
• Hungarian: független (hu), párton kívüli
• Icelandic: utanflokka

• Italian: indipendente (it)
• Japanese: 無所属 (mushozoku)
• Latvian: neatkarīgs
• Malay: bebas
• Polish: niezrzeszony (pl) m
• Portuguese: independente (pt)
• Spanish: independiente (es)
• Urdu: آزاد اُمیدوار‎ (āzād umīdvār)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Persian: ^{(please verify)} مستقل‎ (fa)

Noun

independent (plural independents)

1. A candidate or voter not affiliated with any political party, a freethinker, free of a party platform.
2. A neutral or uncommitted person.
3. (sports) A team not affiliated with any league or conference.

Translations

a candidate or voter not affiliated with any political party

• Portuguese: independente (pt) m or f, candidato/eleitor independente m

a neutral or uncommitted person

a team not affiliated with any league or conference

Further reading

• independent at OneLook Dictionary Search
• independent in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• “independent” in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

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Catalan

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ent

Adjective

independent (masculine and feminine plural independents)

1. independent

   Antonym: dependent

Derived terms

• independentisme
• independentista
• independentment
• independitzar

 

Related terms

• independència

Further reading

• “independent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “independent”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2022
• “independent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “independent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Occitan

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn)

  (file)

Adjective

independent m (feminine singular independenta, masculine plural independents, feminine plural independentas)

1. independent

   Antonym: dependent

Derived terms

• independentament
• independentisme
• independentista

 

Related terms

• independéncia

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Romanian

Etymology

From French indépendant

Adjective

independent m or n (feminine singular independentă, masculine plural independenți, feminine and neuter plural independente)

1. independent, self-sufficient

Declension

Declension of independent

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	independent		independentă	independenți	independente
	definite	independentul		independenta	independenții	independentele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	independent		independente	independenți	independente
	definite	independentului		independentei	independenților	independentelor