kena
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]kena (plural kenas)
- Alternative form of quena (“traditional flute of the Andes”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Malay kena (“to be struck, hit, affected by”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kena (invariable)
- To experience, receive, suffer, get or be affected by (something negative).
- Synonym: got
- He kena fine $10.
- (auxiliary) Used before a verb to indicate the adversative passive voice.
- Synonym: got
- My job application kena rejected.
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- tio (Singlish, not exclusively negative in connotation)
Anagrams
[edit]Estonian
[edit]Adjective
[edit]kena (genitive kena, partitive kena, comparative kenam, superlative kõige kenam)
Declension
[edit]Declension of kena (ÕS type 17i/pesa, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | kena | kenad | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | kena | ||
genitive | kenade | ||
partitive | kena | keni kenasid | |
illative | kenna kenasse |
kenadesse kenisse | |
inessive | kenas | kenades kenis | |
elative | kenast | kenadest kenist | |
allative | kenale | kenadele kenile | |
adessive | kenal | kenadel kenil | |
ablative | kenalt | kenadelt kenilt | |
translative | kenaks | kenadeks keniks | |
terminative | kenani | kenadeni | |
essive | kenana | kenadena | |
abessive | kenata | kenadeta | |
comitative | kenaga | kenadega |
Descendants
[edit]- → Ingrian: kena
Garo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps vaguely related to Bengali ঘেন্না (ghenna).
Verb
[edit]kena
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Malay kena, from Proto-Austronesian *keNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”).
- Semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦼꦤ (kena, “able; can, allowed; succeed”, literally “hit, struck”) for sense related to agreement, approval; pleasure.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kena (base)
- to hit
- to touch
- to strike
- to be exact, to be accurate, to be precise
- to be affected
- -able
- kena pajak ― taxable
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of kena (meng-, intransitive) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root | kena | ||||
Active | Involuntary | Passive | Basic / Imperative |
Emphatic / Jussive | |
Active | mengena | terkena | dikena | kena | kenalah |
Locative | mengenai | terkenai | dikenai | kenai | kenailah |
Causative / Applicative1 | mengenakan | terkenakan | dikenakan | kenakan | kenakanlah |
Causative | |||||
Active | memperkena | terperkena | diperkena | perkena | perkenalah |
Locative | memperkenai | terperkenai | diperkenai | perkenai | perkenailah |
Causative / Applicative1 | memperkenakan | terperkenakan | diperkenakan | perkenakan | perkenakanlah |
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning. |
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]kena
- (in compound) -able
- kena pajak ― taxable
Further reading
[edit]- “kena” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Estonian kena (“pretty”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkenɑ/, [ˈke̞nɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkenɑ/, [ˈke̞nɑ]
- Rhymes: -enɑ
- Hyphenation: ke‧na
Adjective
[edit]kena
Declension
[edit]Declension of kena (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kena | kenat |
genitive | kenan | kennoin |
partitive | kennaa | kenoja |
illative | kennaa | kennoi |
inessive | kenas | kenois |
elative | kenast | kenoist |
allative | kenalle | kenoille |
adessive | kenal | kenoil |
ablative | kenalt | kenoilt |
translative | kenaks | kenoiks |
essive | kenanna, kennaan | kenoinna, kennoin |
exessive1) | kenant | kenoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Synonyms
[edit]- (beautiful): See Thesaurus:käppiä
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 153
Javanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]kena
- Romanization of ꦏꦼꦤ
Kikuyu
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kena (infinitive gũkena)
Derived terms
[edit](Nouns)
- gĩkeno class 7
References
[edit]- ^ Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 362. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
- ^ “kena” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Anagrams
[edit]Malay
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- kene (slang, informal)
Etymology
[edit]From Old Malay knā, from Proto-Austronesian *keNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kena (Jawi spelling کنا)
- to incur, to bring upon oneself, to be touched adversely
- to contact, to experience, to exactly touch or hit off
- to touch, to strike, to hit, to affect
- to have to do, to need to do, to need
- to be exact, to be accurate, to be precise
Derived terms
[edit]Regular affixed derivations:
- kenaan [repetition / reciprocity] (-an)
- berkenaan [stative / habitual + repetition / reciprocity] (beR- + -an)
- mengenakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dikenakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- terkena [agentless action] (teR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
- kenapa (“why”)
- kena-mengena
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kena” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
- Austronesian Comparative Dictionary -*keNa
Marshallese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English Gehenna, from ecclesiastical Latin gehenna, from Ancient Greek γέεννα (géenna), from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (ge'henom, “hell”, literally “valley of Hinnom”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (phonetic) IPA(key): [kɛːnʲɑ], (enunciated) [kɛ nʲɑ]
- (phonemic) IPA(key): /kɛjnʲæɰ/
- Bender phonemes: {keynah}
Noun
[edit]kena
References
[edit]Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]kena
Rwanda-Rundi
[edit]Verb
[edit]-kena (infinitive gukena, perfective -kennye)
Derived terms
[edit]Sotho
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-jíngɪda.
Verb
[edit]kena
- to enter
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms borrowed from Malay
- English terms derived from Malay
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English verbs
- Manglish
- Singlish
- English terms with usage examples
- English auxiliary verbs
- Singapore English
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- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian adjectives
- Estonian pesa-type nominals
- Garo terms borrowed from Bengali
- Garo terms derived from Bengali
- Garo lemmas
- Garo verbs
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
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- Indonesian terms derived from Javanese
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian verbs
- Indonesian terms with usage examples
- Indonesian meng- verbs
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Old Malay
- Ingrian terms borrowed from Estonian
- Ingrian terms derived from Estonian
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/enɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/enɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian adjectives
- Javanese non-lemma forms
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- Kikuyu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kikuyu lemmas
- Kikuyu verbs
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/əna
- Rhymes:Malay/na
- Rhymes:Malay/a
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay lemmas
- Malay verbs
- Malay verbs without transitivity
- Marshallese terms borrowed from English
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- Marshallese lemmas
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- mh:Afterlife
- mh:Christianity
- Pali non-lemma forms
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- Sotho terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
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