苔

苔 U+82D4, 苔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82D4 ← 苓 [U+82D3] CJK Unified Ideographs 苕 → [U+82D5]

Translingual

Han character

苔 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿戈口 (TIR), four-corner 4460₃, composition ⿱艹台)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1022, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30778
• Dae Jaweon: page 1481, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3198, character 7
• Unihan data for U+82D4

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (台) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
胎	*l̥ʰɯː
台	*l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ
邰	*l̥ʰɯː
鮐	*l̥ʰɯː, *lɯ
孡	*l̥ʰɯː
苔	*l'ɯː
抬	*l'ɯː
駘	*l'ɯː, *l'ɯːʔ
炱	*l'ɯː
菭	*l'ɯː, *l'i
跆	*l'ɯː
殆	*l'ɯːʔ
怠	*l'ɯːʔ
迨	*l'ɯːʔ
紿	*l'ɯːʔ
詒	*l'ɯːʔ, *lɯ
軩	*l'ɯːʔ
咍	*hlɯː
佁	*lɯːʔ, *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ
枲	*slɯʔ
辝	*ljɯ
鈶	*ljɯʔ
笞	*l̥ʰɯ
齝	*l̥ʰɯ, *hljɯ
眙	*l̥ʰɯs, *lɯ
治	*l'ɯ, *l'ɯs, *l'is
始	*hljɯʔ
怡	*lɯ
貽	*lɯ
飴	*lɯ
瓵	*lɯ
珆	*li

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯː) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 台 (OC *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ).

Etymology 1

trad.		苔
simp. #		苔

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tái (tai²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): toi⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thòi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ti⁵ / tai⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tái
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tái
    • Wade–Giles: tʻai²
    • Yale: tái
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tair
    • Palladius: тай (taj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: toi⁴
    • Yale: tòih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: toi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: toi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːi̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thòi
    • Hakka Romanization System: toiˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: toi²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰoi̯¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Taipei, Lukang, Magong, Sanxia)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thî
    • Tâi-lô: thî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tii
    • IPA (Taipei, Lukang): /tʰi²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ti⁵ / tai⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thî / thâi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵⁵/, /tʰai⁵⁵/

Note:

• ti5 - vernacular;
• tai5 - literary.

---

• Middle Chinese: doj

Rime
Character	苔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒哀切
Baxter	doj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/dəi/
Shao Rongfen	/dɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəj/
Li Rong	/dᴀi/
Wang Li	/dɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tái
Expected Cantonese Reflex	toi4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	苔
Reading #	1/1
No.	12264
Phonetic component	台
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	臺
Old Chinese	/*l'ɯː/
Notes	同菭

Definitions

苔

1. moss; lichen

Synonyms

• 苔蘚／苔藓 (táixiǎn)
• 青苔 (qīngtái)
• 綠苔／绿苔

Compounds

• 乾苔／干苔
• 光苔
• 大金髮苔／大金发苔
• 毛氈苔／毛毡苔 (máozhāntái)
• 海苔 (hǎitái)
• 異苔同岑／异苔同岑
• 米苔目 (mǐtáimù)
• 綠苔／绿苔
• 苔原 (táiyuán)
• 苔原氣候／苔原气候
• 苔岑
• 苔砌
• 苔紙／苔纸
• 苦苣苔
• 苔菉 (Táilù, “Tailu”)
• 苔蘚／苔藓 (táixiǎn)
• 苔蘚植物／苔藓植物 (táixiǎn zhíwù)
• 苔衣
• 苔錢／苔钱
• 蒼苔／苍苔
• 蘚苔植物／藓苔植物
• 青苔 (qīngtái)
• 點苔／点苔

 

Etymology 2

trad.		苔
simp. #		苔
alternative forms		胎

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tāi (tai¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): toi¹
• Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): tai¹ / dai²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tāi
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄞ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tai
    • Wade–Giles: tʻai¹
    • Yale: tāi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tai
    • Palladius: тай (taj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: toi¹
    • Yale: tōi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: toi¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: toi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːi̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tai¹ / dai²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thai / tái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai³³/, /tai⁵²/

Note: dai2 - vernacular (俗).

Definitions

苔

1. tongue coating; fur

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 舌苔 (“tongue coating; fur on the tongue”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		舌苔
Mandarin	Taiwan	舌苔
	Harbin	舌苔
	Yantai (Muping)	舌苔
	Jinan	舌苔
	Luoyang	舌苔
	Wanrong	舌苔
	Yinchuan	舌苔
	Lanzhou	舌苔
	Xining	舌苔
	Ürümqi	舌苔
	Wuhan	舌𨣉
	Chengdu	舌苔, 苔
	Guiyang	舌苔
	Guilin	舌苔
	Liuzhou	舌苔
	Nanning (Wuming)	舌苔
	Xuzhou	舌苔
	Yangzhou	舌苔
	Nanjing	舌苔
Cantonese	Guangzhou	脷苔
	Hong Kong	脷苔
	Taishan	脷漬
	Dongguan	脷苔
	Yunfu	舌苔
	Nanning	舌苔
	Wuzhou	舌苔
	Yulin	舌苔
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	舌苔
Gan	Nanchang	舌苔
	Lichuan	舌苔
	Pingxiang	舌苔, 苔
Hakka	Meixian	舌苔
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	脷苔
	Yudu	舌苔
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	舌苔
Jin	Taiyuan	舌苔
	Pingyao	舌苔
	Xinzhou	舌苔
Northern Min	Jian'ou	舌苔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	舌苔
Southern Min	Xiamen	舌苔
	Quanzhou	舌苔
	Zhangzhou	舌苔
	Shantou	舌苔
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	舌沙, 舌滓
	Jieyang	舌苔
	Leizhou	舌菇
	Haikou	舌菇
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	舌苔
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	脷錢苔, 舌苔
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	舌苔
Wu	Shanghai	舌苔
	Shanghai (Chongming)	舌齪
	Suzhou	舌苔
	Danyang	舌苔
	Hangzhou	舌苔
	Ningbo	舌苔
	Wenzhou	苔
	Jinhua	苔
Xiang	Changsha	舌苔
	Loudi	舌苔
	Quanzhou	舌苔

Compounds

• 脷苔 (lei6 toi1)
• 舌苔 (shétāi)

 

References

• “苔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

苔

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. moss

Readings

• Go-on: だい (dai)
• Kan-on: たい (tai)
• Kun: こけ (koke, 苔); こけら (kokera, 苔)

Compounds

• 海苔(のり) (nori, “laver”)

Korean

Hanja

苔 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

苔: Hán Nôm readings: đài, đầy, dày, đày, dây, thai

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.