飴

See also: 饴

飴	U+98F4, 飴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98F4

← 飳
[U+98F3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

飵 →
[U+98F5]

Translingual

Han character

飴 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+5, 13 strokes in Chinese, 14 strokes in Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 人戈戈口 (OIIR), four-corner 8376₀, composition ⿰飠台(GJT) or ⿰𩙿台(JK))

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1418, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44080
Dae Jaweon: page 1942, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4449, character 9
Unihan data for U+98F4

Chinese

trad.		飴
simp.		饴

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (台) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
胎	*l̥ʰɯː
台	l̥ʰɯː, l'ɯː, l'ɯː, lɯ
邰	*l̥ʰɯː
鮐	l̥ʰɯː, lɯ
孡	*l̥ʰɯː
苔	*l'ɯː
抬	*l'ɯː
駘	l'ɯː, l'ɯːʔ
炱	*l'ɯː
菭	l'ɯː, l'i
跆	*l'ɯː
殆	*l'ɯːʔ
怠	*l'ɯːʔ
迨	*l'ɯːʔ
紿	*l'ɯːʔ
詒	l'ɯːʔ, lɯ
軩	*l'ɯːʔ
咍	*hlɯː
佁	lɯːʔ, l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ
枲	*slɯʔ
辝	*ljɯ
鈶	*ljɯʔ
笞	*l̥ʰɯ
齝	l̥ʰɯ, hljɯ
眙	l̥ʰɯs, lɯ
治	l'ɯ, l'ɯs, *l'is
始	*hljɯʔ
怡	*lɯ
貽	*lɯ
飴	*lɯ
瓵	*lɯ
珆	*li

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yí (yi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): î

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yí
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yí
  - Wade–Giles: i²
  - Yale: yí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ji⁴
  - Yale: yìh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î
  - Tâi-lô: î
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ii
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /i²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /i²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /i¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /i²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²³/

Middle Chinese: yi

Rime
Character	飴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與之切
Baxter	yi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/jɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨ/
Li Rong	/iə/
Wang Li	/jĭə/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*lɯ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	飴
Reading #	1/1
No.	12297
Phonetic component	台
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	飴
Old Chinese	/*lɯ/

Definitions

飴

syrup or candy made from malt or rice
- 周原膴膴，堇荼如飴。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  周原𰮇𰮇，堇荼如饴。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Zhōuyuán wǔwǔ, jǐn tú rú yí. [Pinyin]
  The plain of Zhou looked beautiful and rich,
  With its violets and sowthistles [sweet] as dumplings.
a kind of soft candy
(obsolete) sweet and delicious food
very sweet

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sì (si⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sì
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴
  - Yale: sz̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
  - Palladius: сы (sy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹/

Definitions

飴

(obsolete) alternative form of 飼 / 饲 (sì)

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	Shinjitai (extended)	飴󠄀 飴+`󠄀`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
飴󠄂 飴+`󠄂`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
Print standard	飴
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

飴

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: い (i)、じ (ji)
Kan-on: い (i)、し (shi)
Kun: あめ (ame, 飴)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
飴
あめ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

⟨ame₁⟩ → */amʲe/ → /ame/

From Old Japanese.

Distinct from 雨 (⟨ame₂⟩ → ame, “rain”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あめ [àmé] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [a̠me̞]

Noun

飴(あめ) • (ame)

candy
- 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 4, page 53:
  飴設文云、飴、音恰阿女○昌平本下總本有和名二字與釋日本紀引此合本草和名𥹋糖、新撰字鏡、餳饊糖、古本餔、皆訓阿女按阿女與甘同語神武紀、飴訓多加禰
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

References

“^▲飴”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938), Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

飴 • (i, si) (hangeul 이, 시, revised i, si, McCune–Reischauer i, si, Yale i, si)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

飴: Hán Nôm readings: di

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation