反
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order (Mainland China) | |||
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Han character
[edit]反 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹水 (HE), four-corner 71247 or 72247, composition ⿸𠂆又(G) or ⿸厂又(TJK))
Derived characters
[edit]- 仮, 𢓉, 坂, 岅, 㤆, 扳, 汳, 返, 阪, 昄, 板, 炍, 版, 𦙀, 瓪, 畈, 皈, 眅, 叛, 𢆕, 粄, 𥾵, 舨, 䛀, 𦤇, 販(贩), 𧿨, 䡊, 𠭤, 鈑(钣), 飯(饭), 魬, 㽹
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3127
- Dae Jaweon: page 375, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 391, character 3
- Unihan data for U+53CD
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 反 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *panʔ, *pʰan) and ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns, “cliff”) + 又 (“hand”) – to climb. Original form of 扳.
Etymology 1
[edit]trad. | 反 | |
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simp. # | 反 | |
alternative forms | 仮 |
STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par (“to trade; to buy; to sell”), from which Tibetan ཕར (phar, “interest (on money); exchange”) is derived.
Cognate with 販 (OC *pans, “to trade”), which is an exoactive of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return, lit. to make someone return”) (Schuessler, 2007).
番 (OC *pʰan, “a turn; a time”) is the iterative of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fán
- Eastern Min (BUC): bēng / huāng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5fe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fǎn
- Wade–Giles: fan3
- Yale: fǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faan
- Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: faan2
- Yale: fáan
- Cantonese Pinyin: faan2
- Guangdong Romanization: fan2
- Sinological IPA (key): /faːn³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fan2
- Sinological IPA (key): /fan⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fán
- Hakka Romanization System: fanˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fan3
- Sinological IPA: /fan³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bēng / huāng
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɛiŋ³³/, /huaŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- bēng - vernacular;
- huāng - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: púiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: puínn
- Phofsit Daibuun: pvuie
- IPA (Lukang): /puĩ⁵⁵/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /puĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pán
- Tâi-lô: pán
- Phofsit Daibuun: parn
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pan⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: páiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: páinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: pvae
- IPA (Kinmen): /pãi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- péng/púiⁿ/pán/páiⁿ - vernacular;
- hoán - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: boin2 / bain2 / huang2 / huêng2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: póiⁿ / páiⁿ / huáng / huéng
- Sinological IPA (key): /põĩ⁵²/, /pãĩ⁵²/, /huaŋ⁵²/, /hueŋ⁵²/
- boin2 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Chenghai, Raoping);
- bain2 - vernacular (Chaoyang, Jieyang, Shantou);
- huang2/huêng2 - literary (huêng2 - Chaozhou).
- Middle Chinese: pjonX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤranʔ/, /*Cə.panʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*panʔ/
Definitions
[edit]反
- to turn over; to reverse
- to return; to counter
- to rebel; to revolt
- 造反 ― zàofǎn ― to rebel
- to oppose
- instead; on the contrary
- 老爺當年何其明決!今日何反成個沒主意的人了? [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18th century CE
- Lǎoyé dāngnián héqí míngjué! Jīnrì hé fǎn chéng ge méi zhǔyì de rén le? [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
老爷当年何其明决!今日何反成个没主意的人了? [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- reverse
- to infer; to generalize
- (literary) to reflect (on one's actions)
- (obsolete) to revenge
- (chemistry) trans-
- (Southern Min) to leaf through; to scan
- Alternative form of 返 (fǎn, “to return; to give back”)
- Short for 反革命 (fǎngémìng, “counterrevolutionary”).
- (phonetics) Synonym of 切 (qiè)
- a surname
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fǎn
- Wade–Giles: fan3
- Yale: fǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faan
- Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: faan1
- Yale: fāan
- Cantonese Pinyin: faan1
- Guangdong Romanization: fan1
- Sinological IPA (key): /faːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: phjon
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*pʰan/
Definitions
[edit]反
Pronunciation 3
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
- Wade–Giles: fan4
- Yale: fàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
- Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: faan3
- Yale: faan
- Cantonese Pinyin: faan3
- Guangdong Romanization: fan3
- Sinological IPA (key): /faːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]反
Compounds
[edit]- 一反常態/一反常态 (yīfǎnchángtài)
- 一隅三反
- 三反 (sānfǎn)
- 不反
- 不反顧/不反顾
- 不極不反/不极不反
- 中和反應/中和反应
- 亂反射/乱反射 (luànfǎnshè)
- 作反 (zuòfǎn)
- 倒反 (dàofǎn)
- 倒反帳/倒反帐
- 偏反
- 偏反者
- 光位反應/光位反应
- 光反應/光反应
- 內視反聽/内视反听
- 凝結反應/凝结反应
- 出爾反爾/出尔反尔 (chū'ěrfǎn'ěr)
- 制約反應/制约反应
- 包晶反應/包晶反应
- 包析反應/包析反应
- 化學反應/化学反应 (huàxué fǎnyìng)
- 原始反終/原始反终
- 反三角函數/反三角函数
- 反不似
- 反中子 (fǎnzhōngzǐ)
- 反串 (fǎnchuàn)
- 反之 (fǎnzhī)
- 反亂/反乱 (fǎnluàn)
- 反二簧
- 反作用
- 反作用力 (fǎnzuòyònglì)
- 反倒 (fǎndào)
- 反側/反侧 (fǎncè)
- 反傾銷稅/反倾销税
- 反光 (fǎnguāng)
- 反光板
- 反光燈/反光灯
- 反光鏡/反光镜 (fǎnguāngjìng)
- 反共 (fǎngòng)
- 反共義士/反共义士 (fǎngòng yìshì)
- 反其真
- 反其道而行之 (fǎn qí dào ér xíng zhī)
- 反函數/反函数 (fǎnhánshù)
- 反切
- 反初服
- 反制 (fǎnzhì)
- 反剪 (fǎnjiǎn)
- 反動/反动 (fǎndòng)
- 反動派/反动派 (fǎndòngpài)
- 反勝/反胜 (fǎnshèng)
- 反反
- 反反覆覆 (fǎnfǎnfùfù)
- 反叛 (fǎnpàn)
- 反叛型
- 反口 (fǎnkǒu)
- 反古 (fǎngǔ)
- 反右 (fǎnyòu)
- 反右運動/反右运动 (Fǎnyòu Yùndòng)
- 反向 (fǎnxiàng)
- 反吸
- 反命
- 反咬
- 反哺 (fǎnbǔ)
- 反唇相譏/反唇相讥 (fǎnchún-xiāngjī)
- 反問/反问 (fǎnwèn)
- 反嘴
- 反噬 (fǎnshì)
- 反坐 (fǎnzuò)
- 反坫
- 反坦克炮
- 反壓/反压
- 反字框 (fǎnzìkuàng)
- 反客作主
- 反宣傳/反宣传
- 反客為主/反客为主 (fǎnkèwéizhǔ)
- 反射 (fǎnshè)
- 反射爐/反射炉
- 反射線/反射线
- 反射角 (fǎnshèjiǎo)
- 反射運動/反射运动
- 反射鏡/反射镜 (fǎnshèjìng)
- 反將/反将
- 反專利/反专利
- 反將計/反将计
- 反對/反对 (fǎnduì)
- 反對派/反对派 (fǎnduìpài)
- 反對黨/反对党 (fǎnduìdǎng)
- 反左書/反左书
- 反差 (fǎnchā)
- 反巴掌
- 反常 (fǎncháng)
- 反常人格
- 反彈/反弹 (fǎntán)
- 反彈琵琶/反弹琵琶
- 反律
- 反復/反复 (fǎnfù)
- 反復不常/反复不常
- 反復無常/反复无常 (fǎnfùwúcháng)
- 反思 (fǎnsī)
- 反悔 (fǎnhuǐ)
- 反情報/反情报
- 反感 (fǎngǎn)
- 反應/反应 (fǎnyìng)
- 反應堆/反应堆 (fǎnyìngduī)
- 反戈
- 反戈一擊/反戈一击 (fǎngēyījī)
- 反戰/反战 (fǎnzhàn)
- 反戾天常
- 反手 (fǎnshǒu)
- 反打瓦
- 反托拉斯
- 反抗 (fǎnkàng)
- 反抗期
- 反掌 (fǎnzhǎng)
- 反接
- 反掌之易
- 反掌折枝
- 反提
- 反握
- 反撲/反扑 (fǎnpū)
- 反撞力
- 反擊/反击 (fǎnjī)
- 反攻 (fǎngōng)
- 反效果 (fǎnxiàoguǒ)
- 反教
- 反敗為勝/反败为胜 (fǎnbàiwéishèng)
- 反文
- 反文兒/反文儿
- 反文化
- 反文旁 (fǎnwénpáng)
- 反文旁兒/反文旁儿
- 反文邊/反文边 (fǎnwénbiān)
- 反方 (fǎnfāng)
- 反方向 (fǎnfāngxiàng)
- 反旆
- 反映 (fǎnyìng)
- 反是 (fǎnshì)
- 反映論/反映论 (fǎnyìnglùn)
- 反景
- 反服
- 反本
- 反本還原/反本还原
- 反核 (fǎnhé)
- 反樸/反朴
- 反正
- 反毒
- 反比 (fǎnbǐ)
- 反比例 (fǎnbǐlì)
- 反氣旋/反气旋 (fǎnqìxuán)
- 反水 (fǎnshuǐ)
- 反水不收
- 反求諸己/反求诸己 (fǎnqiúzhūjǐ)
- 反汗
- 反派 (fǎnpài)
- 反清復明/反清复明 (fǎnqīngfùmíng)
- 反滲透/反渗透
- 反潛/反潜
- 反照 (fǎnzhào)
- 反物質/反物质 (fǎnwùzhì)
- 反犬旁 (fǎnquǎnpáng)
- 反犬旁兒/反犬旁儿 (fǎnquǎnpángr)
- 反王
- 反璞
- 反璞歸真/反璞归真 (fǎnpúguīzhēn)
- 反璧
- 反白
- 反目 (fǎnmù)
- 反目互毆/反目互殴
- 反目成仇 (fǎnmùchéngchóu)
- 反目成讎/反目成雠
- 反省 (fǎnxǐng)
- 反相 (fǎnxiàng)
- 反眼不識/反眼不识
- 反眼猴
- 反磕兒/反磕儿
- 反穿皮襖/反穿皮袄
- 反粒子 (fǎnlìzǐ)
- 反紐/反纽
- 反綁/反绑
- 反經/反经
- 反經合義/反经合义
- 反經行權/反经行权
- 反綰髻/反绾髻
- 反義詞/反义词 (fǎnyìcí)
- 反老還童/反老还童
- 反而 (fǎn'ér)
- 反聽內視/反听内视
- 反背 (fǎnbèi)
- 反胃 (fǎnwèi)
- 反脣/反唇
- 反脣相稽/反唇相稽 (fǎnchún-xiāngjī)
- 反脣相譏/反唇相讥 (fǎnchún-xiāngjī)
- 反臉/反脸
- 反臉無情/反脸无情
- 反臣 (fǎnchén)
- 反舌
- 反舌鳥/反舌鸟
- 反芻/反刍 (fǎnchú)
- 反芻動物/反刍动物 (fǎnchú dòngwù)
- 反芻胃/反刍胃
- 反衍
- 反衝力/反冲力 (fǎnchōnglì)
- 反裘負芻/反裘负刍
- 反裘負薪/反裘负薪
- 反襯/反衬 (fǎnchèn)
- 反覆 (fǎnfù)
- 反覆不一
- 反覆不定
- 反覆思維/反覆思维
- 反覆無常/反覆无常 (fǎnfùwúcháng)
- 反親疏/反亲疏
- 反觀/反观 (fǎnguān)
- 反訓/反训
- 反訴/反诉 (fǎnsù)
- 反話/反话 (fǎnhuà)
- 反詰/反诘 (fǎnjié)
- 反詩/反诗
- 反語/反语 (fǎnyǔ)
- 反誣/反诬 (fǎnwū)
- 反調/反调 (fǎndiào)
- 反諷/反讽 (fǎnfěng)
- 反證/反证 (fǎnzhèng)
- 反證法/反证法 (fǎnzhèngfǎ)
- 反貼門神/反贴门神
- 反賊/反贼 (fǎnzéi)
- 反賓為主/反宾为主
- 反質子/反质子 (fǎnzhìzǐ)
- 反路
- 反身 (fǎnshēn)
- 反躬 (fǎngōng)
- 反躬自問/反躬自问 (fǎngōngzìwèn)
- 反躬自省 (fǎngōngzìxǐng)
- 反躬自責/反躬自责
- 反軸心國/反轴心国
- 反輸一帖/反输一帖
- 反轉/反转
- 反逆 (fǎnnì)
- 反過來/反过来 (fǎnguòlái)
- 反邪歸正/反邪归正
- 反鎖/反锁 (fǎnsuǒ)
- 反間/反间 (fǎnjiàn)
- 反間細作/反间细作
- 反間計/反间计 (fǎnjiànjì)
- 反間諜/反间谍 (fǎnjiàndié)
- 反陰復陰/反阴复阴
- 反霸 (fǎnbà)
- 反面 (fǎnmiàn)
- 反面人物 (fǎnmiàn rénwù)
- 反面無情/反面无情
- 反革命 (fǎngémìng)
- 反響/反响 (fǎnxiǎng)
- 反顏/反颜 (fǎnyán)
- 反顧/反顾 (fǎngù)
- 反風/反风 (fǎnfēng)
- 反飛彈/反飞弹
- 反饋/反馈 (fǎnkuì)
- 反駁/反驳 (fǎnbó)
- 反骨 (fǎngǔ)
- 反高潮
- 反黨/反党 (fǎndǎng)
- 可逆反應/可逆反应 (kěnì fǎnyìng)
- 吸熱反應/吸热反应 (xīrè fǎnyìng)
- 唱反調/唱反调 (chàng fǎndiào)
- 報本反始/报本反始
- 夫妻反目
- 官逼民反 (guānbīmínfǎn)
- 家反宅亂/家反宅乱
- 展轉反側/展转反侧
- 巴氏反射
- 平反 (píngfǎn)
- 平衡反應/平衡反应
- 廢然而反/废然而反
- 弄巧反拙
- 循環反覆/循环反覆
- 悲劇反諷/悲剧反讽
- 愛毛反裘/爱毛反裘
- 慈烏反哺/慈乌反哺
- 揮戈反日/挥戈反日
- 撥亂反正/拨乱反正 (bōluànfǎnzhèng)
- 撥亂反治/拨乱反治
- 撝戈反日/㧑戈反日
- 收視反聽/收视反听
- 放熱反應/放热反应 (fàngrè fǎnyìng)
- 易如反掌 (yìrúfǎnzhǎng)
- 易於反掌/易于反掌
- 暗反應/暗反应
- 核反應/核反应 (héfǎnyìng)
- 核反應器/核反应器
- 核子反應/核子反应
- 條件反射/条件反射 (tiáojiàn fǎnshè)
- 欲益反損/欲益反损
- 正反合
- 歸全反真/归全反真
- 歸正反本/归正反本
- 歸真反璞/归真反璞
- 求益反損/求益反损
- 沸反盈天
- 流宕忘反
- 流蕩忘反/流荡忘反
- 漫反射 (mànfǎnshè)
- 熱核反應/热核反应
- 物極必反/物极必反 (wùjíbìfǎn)
- 物至則反/物至则反
- 相反 (xiāngfǎn)
- 相反數/相反数 (xiāngfǎnshù)
- 相反相成 (xiāngfǎnxiāngchéng)
- 相反詞/相反词
- 禍不反踵/祸不反踵
- 秀才造反
- 窩裡反/窝里反 (wōlifǎn)
- 策反 (cèfǎn)
- 築室反耕/筑室反耕
- 義不反顧/义不反顾
- 義無反顧/义无反顾 (yìwúfǎngù)
- 肅反/肃反 (sùfǎn)
- 背反 (bèifǎn)
- 膝反射
- 自反
- 自崖而反
- 自我反省 (zìwǒ fǎnxǐng)
- 舉一反三/举一反三 (jǔyīfǎnsān)
- 親極反疏/亲极反疏
- 謀反/谋反 (móufǎn)
- 議不反顧/议不反顾
- 跑反
- 輾轉反側/辗转反侧 (zhǎnzhuǎnfǎncè)
- 轉輾反側/转辗反侧
- 迷而不反
- 迷而知反
- 迷途知反
- 造反 (zàofǎn)
- 造反派 (Zàofǎn pài)
- 連鎖反應/连锁反应 (liánsuǒ fǎnyìng)
- 違反/违反 (wéifǎn)
- 適得其反/适得其反 (shìdéqífǎn)
- 還原反應/还原反应
- 還淳反樸/还淳反朴
- 鎮反/镇反
- 鏈鎖反應/链锁反应
- 隅反
- 隻輪不反/只轮不反
- 電子反制/电子反制
- 顯色反應/显色反应
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]trad. | 反 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 反 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: faan1
- Yale: fāan
- Cantonese Pinyin: faan1
- Guangdong Romanization: fan1
- Sinological IPA (key): /faːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]反
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “反”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #790”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- anti-
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ほん (hon, Jōyō †); へん (hen)
- Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
- Kan’yō-on: たん (tan, Jōyō †)
- Kun: そらす (sorasu, 反らす, Jōyō); そる (soru, 反る, Jōyō); かえす (kaesu, 反す); かえる (kaeru, 反る); そむく (somuku, 反く)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
反 |
はん Grade: 3 |
kan'on |
Prefix
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]- 親 (shin)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
反 |
たん Grade: 3 |
kan'yōon |
For pronunciation and definitions of 反 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 反, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 反 (MC pjonX).
- Recorded as Middle Korean 번〯 (Yale: pěn) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 반 (pan)訓 (Yale: pan) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pa̠(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [반(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]反 (eumhun 되돌릴 반 (doedollil ban))
Compounds
[edit]- 모반 (謀反, moban)
- 반감 (反感, ban'gam)
- 반격 (反擊, ban'gyeok)
- 반기 (反旗, ban'gi)
- 반대 (反對, bandae)
- 반론 (反論, ballon)
- 반면 (反面, banmyeon)
- 반목 (反目, banmok)
- 반박 (反駁, banbak)
- 반발 (反撥, banbal)
- 반복 (反復, banbok)
- 반사 (反射, bansa)
- 반역 (反逆, banyeok)
- 반응 (反應, baneung)
- 반전 (反轉, banjeon)
- 반절 (反切, banjeol)
- 반증 (反證, banjeung)
- 반칙 (反則, banchik)
- 반항 (反抗, banhang)
- 반공 (反共, ban'gong)
- 배반 (背反, baeban)
- 상반 (相反, sangban)
- 위반 (違反, wiban)
- 찬반 (贊反, chanban)
- 반사작용 (反射作用, bansajagyong, “reflex”)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 反 (MC phjon).
- Recorded as Middle Korean 펀 (Yale: phen) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʌ̹n]
- Phonetic hangul: [번]
Hanja
[edit]反 (eumhun 뒤집을 번 (dwijibeul beon))
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Related to Middle Chinese 販 (MC pjonH).
Hanja
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]反: Hán Nôm readings: phản, phiên
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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